FIRST POST TEST

EXAM IN PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT

Theme: Challenges that Filipino adolescence are encountering
Submitted by: Lenard Rosalinas
Submitted to: Doc Teresa
Challenges that Filipino adolescence are encountering
1. Attitudes & Behavior towards sexuality & sexual relationship

Relationships between sexual attitudes and behavior among adolescents were

studied in data collected by self-administered questionnaires from
approximately 3,500 junior and senior high school students attending four inner-
city schools during 1981-1982. An analysis of the results by sex, race and age
found that 83 percent of sexually experienced adolescents cite a best age for first
intercourse that is older than the age at which they themselves experienced that
event, and 43 percent of them report a best age for first coitus older than their
current age. In addition, 88 percent of young women who have had a baby say
the best age at which to have a first birth is older than the age at which they first
became mothers. Thirty-nine percent of the women and 32 percent of the men
say that they believe premarital sex is wrong. Among those who are virgins, the
proportions are much higher. However, even among those who have had
intercourse, approximately 25 percent of both sexes say they believe sex before
marriage is wrong. Women desire stronger relationships before having
intercourse than do men, and women claim to have had a stronger relationship
with their last sexual partner. Very few teenagers believe neither partner is
responsible for pregnancy prevention, which tends to be viewed as a joint
responsibility. Those who see it as a shared responsibility are slightly more
likely than those who assign the responsibility to one or the other partner to
have used a method at last intercourse, and they are considerably more likely to
have used a method than are those who believe contraception is neither partner's
responsibility. However, even among those who attribute the responsibility to
one or both partners, 34 percent say they did not use a contraceptive method at
last intercourse. Adolescents who report that they would have sex only if they
were using birth control are more likely to use a method, but almost 25 percent
of those who make this claim say they used no method at last intercourse.
Contraceptive use is also related to the perceived strength of the relationship at
the time of coitus. Thus, while there is frequently a statistical relationship
between the expressed attitude and associated behavior, there is a large minority
in each area for whom the behavior and the attitude are clearly at variance.
 2.Academic Concerns

Academic concerns are closely related to the mental health of children.

According to reports from the United States Department of Health and Human
Services, 21% of school-age children have a diagnosable mental health
condition. However, only about 20% of these children are diagnosed and
treated. The remaining 80% often experience difficulty in school and may be
more likely to drop out of school. They are also more likely to attempt suicide:
More than 90% of adolescents who commit suicide have a serious mental
health condition.Academic concerns may result from mental health issues, such
as anxiety or attention-deficit hyperactivity, but at the same time, a child might
also develop mental health concerns, such as stress, as a result of his or her
academic difficulties. A child with a learning disability that is not recognized
or correctly treated, for example, might become stressed due to parental
pressure to earn better grades and frustrated with teachers who do not offer
adequate assistance. The child might then become anxious about school, and
the stress might also manifest as aggression toward the child’s teacher or peers.
Students who are struggling with school might obtain help in a number of
ways. Concerns that are academic in nature can often be resolved with greater
support from the academic system. A child who struggles with a particular
subject might benefit from specialized study or a tutor, while a child who has a
learning disability may be able to complete assignments with accuracy but need
more time to do so than his or her peers. Classroom accommodations for
students with disabilities are often effective at meeting the different needs of
students, and special education classrooms might be an option for some
students whose current classroom placement may not allow them to thrive.
School tutoring programs might also benefit some children, accommodations
for disabilities, and tutoring services that are available to them.
 3. Group Belongingness

Engaging in political protests are becoming increasingly common, and considering

the potential, individual, costs and the low probability of affecting the political
outcome, it is necessary to understand the motivations behind such actions. The
desire to be part of a social group is deeply rooted in human nature, and previous
research proposes that the groups one belongs to may influence the decision to
engage in protests. We build on this research and suggest that social exclusion,
individual fear of exclusion and need to belong interact in explaining who is likely
to become engaged. In two studies, one natural experiment and one lab-
experiment, we show that social exclusion increase willingness to participate in
protests for individuals high in both rejection sensitivity and need to belong. We
conclude that contextual factors, such as exclusion or marginalization should be
considered in relation to individual level personality factors when explaining who
is likely to become engaged in political protests. These results are important since
they suggest that some people engage in politics simply due to social reasons and
are less ideologically motivated.

4. Health & Nutrition

Nutrition is a critical part of health and development. Better nutrition is related to

improved infant, child and maternal health, stronger immune systems, safer
pregnancy and childbirth, lower risk of non-communicable diseases (such as
diabetes and cardiovascular disease), and longevity. Healthy children learn better.
People with adequate nutrition are more productive and can create opportunities to
gradually break the cycles of poverty and hunger. Malnutrition, in every form,
presents significant threats to human health. Today the world faces a double
burden of malnutrition that includes both undernutrition and overweight, especially
in low- and middle-income countries. There are multiple forms of malnutrition,
including undernutrition (wasting or stunting), inadequate vitamins or minerals,
overweight, obesity, and resulting diet-related noncommunicable diseases. The
developmental, economic, social, and medical impacts of the global burden of
malnutrition are serious and lasting for individuals and their families, for
communities and for countries.
 5. Developing or Regaining Self-Esteem

Self-esteem is your opinion of yourself. People with healthy self-esteem like

themselves and value their achievements. While everyone lacks confidence
occasionally, people with low self-esteem feel unhappy or unsatisfied with
themselves most of the time. This can be remedied but it takes attention and daily
practise to boost self-esteem.See your doctor for information, advice and referral if
you’re having trouble improving your self-esteem or if low self-esteem is causing
problems such as depression. A low self-esteem can reduce the quality of a
person’s life in many different ways, including:

 Negative feelings – the constant self-criticism can lead to persistent feelings

of sadness, depression, anxiety, anger, shame or guilt.
 Relationship problems – for example they may tolerate all sorts of
unreasonable behaviour from partners because they believe they must earn
love and friendship, cannot be loved or are not loveable. Alternatively, a
person with low self-esteem may feel angry and bully other people.
 Fear of trying – the person may doubt their abilities or worth and avoid
challenges.
 Perfectionism – a person may push themselves and become an over-
achiever to ‘atone’ for what they see as their inferiority.
 Fear of judgement – they may avoid activities that involve other people,
like sports or social events, because they are afraid they will be negatively
judged. The person feels self-conscious and stressed around others and
constantly looks for ‘signs’ that people don’t like them.
 Low resilience – a person with low self-esteem finds it hard to cope with a
challenging life event because they already believe themselves to be
‘hopeless’.
 Lack of self-care – the person may care so little that they neglect or abuse
themselves, for example, drink too much alcohol.
 Self-harming behaviours – low self-esteem puts the person at increased
risk of self-harm, for example, eating disorder, drug abuse or suicide.
 6. Roles

A roles and responsibilities template is used to create documents that outline

the job description, duties and requirements of a specific position at your business.
These documents are often used in team settings to differentiate between the roles
of each team member and establish a hierarchy of roles to show supervisory
relationships. They help team members understand who handles each part of the
project to avoid confusion. You can choose to post the documents formulated on
roles and responsibilities templates on your company’s website and other job
websites to help you attract qualified applicants. They’re also useful to have when
training a new employee or making changes to a department. When you complete a
duties and responsibilities form for a team, keep the chart handy throughout the
project for reference.

7. Material Poverty

Material poverty would be having insufficient material resources to maintain

physical and mental well-being, and protection from the elements. So starving and
homeless people would be extreme and obvious examples of such poverty, but then
the level rises to include those on welfare, the unemployed, the elderly without
pensions. Next level up would include the low-paid, those on casual/zero hour
contracts, indeed anyone working but who is unable to pay their bills and is laden
with debt.

8. Absentee Parents

Uninvolved parenting, sometimes referred to as neglectful parenting, is a style

characterized by a lack of responsiveness to a child's needs. Uninvolved parents
make few to no demands of their children and they are often indifferent,
dismissive, or even completely neglectful. During the 1960s, psychologist Diana
Baumrind described three different parenting styles based on her research with
preschool-age children: authoritarian, authoritative, and permissive parenting. In
later years, researchers added uninvolved parenting.
 9. Career Choices
Most individuals have an interest in or affinity toward certain career fields or
occupations. Such aspirations and preferences are formed early in life and are a
product of genetics, socioeconomic status, gender, personality, and learning
history. These early hopes and dreams are modified (positively and/or negatively)
by forces in society that act upon individuals and groups of individuals as they
make career-related decisions (e.g.. labor market constraints, competitive
admission to schools and programs. opportunities provided by special programs,
etc.). Career choices result when individual aspirations and preferences are
reexamined in light of the constraining forces imposed by the social environment
in which that individual lives. It is possible to differentiate several levels of career
choice based upon the degree to which that choice has been subjected to the
limitations of societal constraints. An individual may begin with a preference for a
career—for example, medicine—that does not imply the weathering of any
particular stress constraint, or crisis. A choice implies the completion of some
actions or successful steps, and the attainment of a career is the final outcome of
the career choice process. The distinction among these three constructs—
preference, choice, and attainment—is important to a comprehensive under-
standing of career choice. Although there is some evidence that young women may
anticipate societal constraints and adjust their preferences in advance, societal
constraints have little effect on career preferences but exert increasing influence as
the individual moves further along in the selection process. Thus career choices
and career attainments are affected substantially by the limits and pressures of a
limited labor market, as well as by other barriers and constraints that society
imposes.
10. Relationships

All romantic relationships go through ups and downs and they all take work,
commitment, and a willingness to adapt and change with your partner. But whether
your relationship is just starting out or you’ve been together for years, there are
steps you can take to build a healthy relationship. Even if you’ve experienced a lot
of failed relationships in the past or have struggled before to rekindle the fires of
romance in your current relationship, you can find ways to stay connected, find
fulfillment, and enjoy lasting happiness. Every relationship is unique, and people
come together for many different reasons. Part of what defines a healthy
relationship is sharing a common goal for exactly what you want the relationship to
be and where you want it to go. And that’s something you’ll only know by talking
deeply and honestly with your partner.However, there are also some characteristics
that most healthy relationships have in common. Knowing these basic principles
can help keep your relationship meaningful, fulfilling and exciting whatever goals
you’re working towards or challenges you’re facing together.

11. Values & Beliefs

People’s values, beliefs and attitudes are formed and bonded over time through the
influences of family, friends, society and life experiences. So, by the time you’re
an adult, you can hold very definite views on just about everything with a sense of
“no one is going to change my mind”. You believe that boys need more help and
are less able to look after themselves than girls, because of your experience with
your children. At home you fuss around your son much more than your daughter.
In school, there’s an approach of equality of opportunity, and the expectations of
girls and boys are that they equally behave well, clear up and help each other.
However, you don’t believe this can happen. In class, you pay more attention to the
boys by making sure they have all they need, getting them paper, pencils and
resources while trusting the girls to already be organised. Do you think it’s fair to
make this assumption? What messages are you sending to the boys and the girls?
Personal Values are “broad desirable goals that motivate people’s actions and
serve as guiding principles in their lives". [1] Everyone has values, but each
person has a different value set. These differences are affected by an
individual's culture, personal upbringing, life experiences, and a range of other
influences. Personal values are desirable to an individual and represent what is
important to someone. The same value in different people can elicit different
behaviours, eg if someone values success one person may work very hard to
gain success in their career whereas someone else may take advantage of others
to climb the career ladder.