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General Functions of Pig Anatomy

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STUDY GUIDE!!!

1. Aortic Arch 1. Carries blood rich in food and oxygen from the left
ventricle to all parts of the body.
2. Spiral and Descending 2. Absorbs water, vitamins, and minerals from the food and
Colon moves them into the bloodstream
3. Mammary papillae 3. Produces milk in adult female pigs to nourish young.
4. Anal opening 4. non-digested food material (feces) is released through this
opening.
5. Pleura and Peritoneum 5. Secrete watery fluids to lubricate the movement of internal
organs.
6. Male urogenital opening 6. urine as well as semen are released through this opening.
7. Diaphragm 7. Contracts and relaxes helping to force air into and out of
the lungs.
8. Umbilical Cord 8. Connects the bloodstream of the fetus with the blood
stream of the mother.
9. Spleen 9. Stores extra red blood cells in case of blood loss. Stores
white blood cells used in fighting off foreign substances.
10. Left Atrium 10. Collects blood from the lungs rich in oxygen and food and
pumps it to the left ventricle.
11. Stomach 11. Stores and partially digests food.
12. Greater Omentum 12. Holds the spleen in place by attaching it to the stomach.
13. Ovaries 13. Produces the eggs in the female and also produces the
hormones estrogen and progesterone which in turn
regulate the menstrual cycle.
14. Liver 14. Makes bile, which aids in the digestion of fat. Detoxifies
poisons like alcohol. Stores extra glucose in the form of
15. Fallopian Tubes starch.
15. Move the egg toward the uterus. Fertilization takes place
16. Pyloric Sphincter here.
16. Ensures that food stays in the stomach long enough to
17. Lungs complete digestion.
17. Allows oxygen to diffuse into the bloodstream as carbon
18. Duodenum dioxide is being released from the bloodstream.
19. Female urogenital 18. Bile and pancreatic enzymes are mixed with food here.
opening 19. urine is released through this opening and this opening
20. Pancreas also receives the male penis during intercourse.
20. Makes digestive enzymes that are used in the small
intestine. Makes the hormone, insulin, which regulates the
21. Dorsal Aorta amount of sugar in the blood.
21. Carries blood rich in food and oxygen to the lower body
22. Kidneys organs and to the legs.
22. Removes excess water and wastes such as urea and salts
23. Larynx from the blood. This fluid is know as urine.
24. Ureters 23. Allows the pig to “oink” 
25. Gall Bladder 24. Carries urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.
25. Stores bile until it is ready to move into the duodenum.
26.Urinary Bladder 26. Stores urine until it is eliminated from the body.
27. Trachea 27. Carries air between the lungs and the throat.
28. Uterus 28. The embryo connects to the mother’s bloodstream here with
the development of the placenta. Fetus develops here.
29. Scrotum 29. Holds the testes outside the body cavity, keeping the sperm
at the right temperature in order to remain alive.
30. Umbilical Vein 30. Carries blood rich in Oxygen and food from the placenta of
the mother to the fetus.
31. Coronary Artery 31. Brings blood from the aorta and supplies the heart muscle
tissue with food and oxygen.
32. Right Atrium 32. Collects blood low in oxygen and filled with food from the
body and pumps it into the right ventricle.
33. Right Ventricle 33. Collects blood from the right atrium and pumps it to the
lungs.
34. Caecum 34. Produces enzymes that digest cellulose..
35. Left Ventricle 35. Collects blood from the left atrium and pumps it throughout
the body.
36. Vas deferens 36. Moves sperm up and into the penis during ejaculation.
37. Pericardium 37. a membrane (mesentery) surrounding the heart. Secretes a
watery fluid to prevent the heart from rubbing against
surrounding organs when it beats.
38. Jejuno-Ileum 38. Digestion of food is completed here and nutrients are
absorbed through its walls into the blood stream.
39. Esophagus 39. Muscular contractions push food from mouth the stomach.
40. Coronary Vein 40. Drains the heart muscle tissue of blood and moves it back
into the right atrium.
41. Pulmonary Trunk 41. takes blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.
42. Posterior vena cava 42. Brings blood through the umbilical cord low in oxygen and
rich in carbon dioxide form the lower body to the right atrium.
43. Thyroid Gland 43. Produces several hormones which regulate both the
metabolic rate (how much energy you produce by burning
up glucose) and the amount of calcium in your blood.
44. Thymus Gland 44. White blood cells produced in the bone marrow travel here
to mature.
45. Testes 45. Produces sperm as well as the hormone testosterone.
46. Umbilical Artery 46. Carries blood through the umbilical cord low in oxygen and
food from the fetus to the placenta of the mother.
47. Bile Duct 47. connects the gall bladder and liver to the duodenum
48. Hard Palate 48. relatively hard, bony anterior portion of the palate
49. Soft Palate 49. closes off the nasal cavity from the oral cavity when
swallowing
50. Intestinal Mesentery 50. folds of the peritoneum that connect the intestines to the
dorsal abdominal wall, especially found around the jejunum
and ileum.

51. Superior Vena Cava 51. brings blood low in oxygen and rich in carbon dioxide from
the upper body to the heart.
52. Pulmonary Artery 52. carries venous blood from the right ventricle of the heart to
the lungs.