2436

THE ISSUE

SLUM AREA
INDUSTRIAL
AIR POLLUTION

URBAN
HEAT ISLAND
SURABAYA
INDONESIA
MODULAR HOUSE
LOCATION
Surabaya is the second largest city in Indonesia and known as one of the largest busi-
ness and industrial city in Southeast Asia. But these business and industrial activities
somehow has triggered urbanization and giving impact on the emergence of slums
and social inequality. And side from the social aspect, those activities combined with
the lack of infrastructure in the form of water bodies and green areas in the city also
triggers high environmental temperatures (urban heat island/UHI) and pollution,
that makes it one of the hottest city in Indonesia.
Spatial analysis shows that UHIs in Surabaya in
were formed in the city center and tended to
increase in that area. UHI increase in the city of
er

Surabaya is directly proportional to the density of

riv

buildings, and inversely proportional to the

as

im
ka l
density of vegetation.
The site is located near the city center, in residen- tambaksari,
surabaya
tial and commercial areas close to the road, and
located near to one of the slum areas in Surabaya.
The site has an total area of 3 hectares and adja-
cent to one of the largest rivers in Surabaya.
GROUND VIEW

SEA

VEGETATION HEAT MAP SLUM AREA

DENSITY
LAND

DENSE AVERAGE LESS NONE <21° 22°-26° 27°-31° >32° AVERAGE POOR SLUM

THE CONCEPT

AERIAL VIEW

SLUM:
BRINGS THE RIVER
URBAN SPRAWL
AND RIVER IDENTITY
TAKE SPRAWL
CHARACTERISTIC
VERTICALLY, LOWERING
UHI IN THE PROCESS
DESIGN STRATEGY: WATER CAPILLARY HOUSING MODULES SOLAR RADIATION VEGETATION

WHAT IF
The proposal design is River Spine, a building relocation project for slum inhabitats in Using the principle of capillary action as a design strate- The main capillarity system is located alongside the core PARK LOCAL SHADING TREE
SINGLE MODULE DIAGRAM “SPRAWL” MODULE DIAGRAM
Surabaya which maximizes green land and water features in high-rise mixed-use build- gy, buildings are designed to carry water vertically using of the building, distributing water to the water pool on
ings. Water features manifested in the form of falling rain inside the building, reservoir and Module used in order to achieve affordable hous- The module doesn’t have strict layout, and
capillary pipes to the top of buildings. Later, water will be the roof of the building (which also acts as rainwaterhar- ing and easier to control the sprawl. Every module expand depends on the people in order to create
capillary pipes which has a function to lower the meso climate temperature in order to over-
distributed to all areas of the building to meet the needs vesting). The water then distributed organically as a consist of two bedrooms, one restroom, one kitch- a rather organic compositions. Green area act as
come UHI. Falling rain is the adaptation of river which built vertically. We try to interpret
of residents and vegetation in the building, while creat- falling rain to create a microclimate in the entire residen- en, and one living room KERSEN KETAPANG TANJUNG PUCUK MERAH
flexible and overall barrier system
river because it is mostly found in the slum environment, used as the source for washing, Mutingia calabura Teminalia Mantali Mimuspos elengi Syzigium Oleana

bath, etc, and has become identity. ing the character of organic ecosystems that have a tial area. The communal garden area also has a mini
positive impact to the meso-climate in the areas. reservoir that holds water on six separate levels. 1 URBAN FARMING
h en

MODULAR SPRAWL FLEXIBLE MAKING PRODUCTIVE ECOSYSTEM Ki

tc

m
THAT LOWERING THE ENVIRONMENTAL B ing
Ro
o
ilet
dr
oo
m

TEMPERATURE AND ADDING GREEN D NET TUBES Liv To Be

WIND FROM WEST
m SIDE OF BUILDING
SPACE IN THE AREA En
dr
oo

EA
tra
Make an inhabitable housing nc Be CELERY CABBAGE KALE CUCUMBER

R
e

A
INHABITABLE INHABITABLE for slum inhabitats with good

N
ROOF STORAGE

EE
HOUSING HOUSING environment that keep its

R
G
sprawl organic characteristic The reservoir water that holds
A
rainwater and water from the river is
RAINWATER CATCHER
RESERVOIR CAPILLARY FALLING RAIN 1. Module has to be surrounded by green area.
GREEN raised using a capillary tank from
below
O2 O2
THE WATER AND GREEN SPACE
TOMATO CHINESE SPINACH BEAN

SPACE
CABBAGE
2 CONTRIBUTES FOR LOWERING
THE TEMPERATURE IN THE BUILDING
AND THE AREA
B The roof of the building holds
Creating reservoirs and water
WATER features to reduce tempera-
rainwater and flows the water
organically downward through the PARK PARK
FEATURE tures around the area and act
form of falling rain RESERVOIR
as a water preservation C
SUSTAINABILITY ASPECT

T
PM L
EN
O TA
FARMING PARK COMMUNAL

EL ON
C Each level of the park has a capillary

EV IZ
tank that works as a vessel to raise

D R
O
WATER water to the next level using air

H
pressure Materials:
FEATURE Adding green space in form O2 O2 RAMP 2. Horizontal unorganized development depends
GREEN of park and communal
D Each floor has a functional module The system uses the activity of capillary on the people living there.
farming to boost the where the surface tension of the water GREEN WATER
SPACE occupant productivity and
on the edge of the building that
can pull the water from the larger storage
captures water using net tubes in its STREETSCAPE CAPILLARY
interaction
facade COMMUNAL FARMING GARDEN
into small gaps. The water is distributed Pre Cast
Concrete
Wooden
Frame 3
into small gaps in ‘net tubes’. This
provides shading with water may be
PASSIVE GREYWATER
BUILDING PROGRAM WATER
MOVES UP
RESERVOIR capable of turning the heat. Beside to
improve thermal performance, it can Low Vegetation
COOLING RECYCLING
THROUG
H reduce air conditioner consumption. Emissivity Substrate
3 CAPILLAR Glass

T
Y
D

EN
PIPE
COMMUNAL WATER

O L
PM
EL CA
GREEN FLOOR PARK RESERVOIR
PRODUCTIVE

EV I
D RT
UPPER LE 1

E
RESERV VEL WATER FI
OIR

V
LL
TANK THE UPPE S
MIXED-USE RAMP
O2 O2
R
TANK, TH
MOVES TO
EN
1. Vertical 3. There is possibility for vertical development.
DEVELOPMENT
LOWER vegetation
2
TANK
growth substrate
Circulation
BOTTOM AIR PRES filter fabric 2. Adaptive
The main function of the RESERV
OIR LEVEL TA
NK PUSH TH
SURE
E
PARK PARK drainage element
Module
PRODUCTIVE WATER RESERVOIR protection layer
building are parks and URBAN root barrier 3. Green Space
housing for slum FARMING
CAPILLARY TANK C insulation membrane
4. Housing
residents who will be RAMP waterproof membrane
Module
roof deck
moved for a more
COMMUNITY
PLAN
CAPILLARY VESSEL

decent and healthier GARDEN LOWERING

life. The park area is also AREA CLIMATE

L
U
TEMPERATURE

D
a productive area that

O
M
LL
will support their life and

FU
will be maintained by 2 3
slum residents who live 1 The abstract/random modules is an attempt to
there. MAIN keep slum’s characteristic but in a more organized
COMMUNITY WATER GREEN
TO SUPPLY FROM WATER RESERVOIR order. By distributing several functions in the mod-
WE GARDEN
RIVER TREATMENT STREETSCAPE 4
RB GREEN PUBLIC A
CAPILLARY
TANK
ular form, it keeps the residents’ regular activity
A

PLAZA flows, preserve their habits. Besides that, modules

ER
W

LL
also support the building structure.

IA
TO

FA
TR

N N
D

PY
A E
A
M R

IN
ES

C RE
EN
O TE

A
D

G
PR A

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PE