ISSUES IN PHILIPPINE EDUCATION

The present Philippine Educational system firstly covers six

years of compulsory education (from grades 1 to 6), divided
informally into two levels - both composed of three years. The
first level is known as the Primary Level and the second level is
known as the Intermediate Level.
Nationwide the Philippines faces several issues when it
comes to the educational system.

1. Quality of Education in the Philippines

This is the first major issue that the Philippine government should
resolve but somehow it is recently improving. The quality of Philippine
education has declined a few years ago due to poor results from
standard entrance tests conducted among elementary and secondary
students, as well as tertiary levels. The results were way below the
target mean score.

Reasons: Effects:

 High drop-out rates  High number of repeaters

 Low passing grades  Incompetent
 Pack of particular language  Lack of socio-emotional skills
skills  Unemployment
 Overcrowded classrooms
 Poor teaching performance
2. Budget for Education
The government was mandated by the Philippine Constitution to
allocate the highest proportion of its budget to education. However,
among the ASEAN countries, the Philippines still has one of the lowest
budget allocations for education. This is due to some mainstream
political issues and humungous problems that the government is facing
especially corruption. This has an effects to Low students achievement.

3. Drop-out Rate (Out-of-school Youth)

The Philippines overall has 1.4 million children who are out-of-
school, according to UNESCO's data. In 2012, the Department of
Education showed data of a 6.38% drop-out rate in primary school and
a 7.82% decline rate in secondary school. Subsequently, as more
families become poorer, the number of students enrolled in public
schools increases.

Reasons: Effects:

 Poverty  Unemployment
 Discouraging environmemt  Low salary at work
 Academic inadequacy

4. Brain Drain
 Brain Drain is a persistent problem evident in the educational system
of the Philippines. The number of Overseas Filipino Workers who
worked abroad at any time during the period April to September 2014
was estimated at 2.3 million. This ongoing mass emigration
subsequently inducts an unparalleled brain drain alongside grave
economic implications.

Reasons: Effects:

 Due to the Modern  Increased deterioration of

Phenomenon of higher education
Globalization  Inability to run universities to
achieve development goals
 Lack of skilled workers to
teach students at various
academic levels

5. Social Divide
There exists a problematic and distinct social cleavage with regard to
educational opportunities in the country. Most modern societies have
encountered an equalizing effect on the subject of education. This
aforementioned divide in the social system has made education
become part of the institutional mechanism that creates a division
between the poor and the rich.

Reasons: Effects:
  Income and family status to  Differ in social treatment
sustain  Declining of quality
 Lack/loss of job opportunities education to the poor
compared to rich learners

6. Mismatch
There is a large mismatch between educational training and actual
jobs. This stands to be a major issue at the tertiary level. According to
Dean Salvador Belaro Jr., the Cornell-educated Congressman
representing 1-Ang Edukasyon Party-list in the House of
Representatives, the number of educated unemployed reaches around
600,000 per year.

Reasons: Effects:

 Communication  Viewed as inefficient

 Strategic Thinking  Signs of failed labour and
 Abstraction higher education market
 Research Skills  Unemployed and
Underemployed

7. Lack of Facilities and Teacher Shortage in Public

Schools
 There are large-scale shortages of facilities across Philippine public
schools. These include classrooms, teachers, desks and chairs,
textbooks, and audio-video materials. The number of classrooms built
from 2005 to the first half of the year 2010 has tripled. Furthermore,
770 schools in Metro Manila, Cebu, and Davao were considered
overcrowded.

Reasons: Effects:

Reasons for lack of facilities:  limits the ability of a student

to achieve various learning
 lack of government support
and extra curricula activity
 lack of funds
 it affects the teacher's job
 overcrowded
satisfaction
 small area
 unable to concentrate
 low academic performance
Teacher shortage:

 massive decline in
undergraduate degrees in
teacher education program
 low pay

8. Quality and Proficiency of the Teacher

According to a recent article (Gerochi, 2002), Filipino teachers lack
proficiency in English, Science and Mathematics. Many said that these
areas should have been trained comprehensively since as teachers,
they should be able to teach the students with a more quality for future
growth.

Reasons: Effects:

 Lack of content knowledge  prevent children from

 Lack of classroom reaching their full potential
management  influence the level of reading
 Lack of professionalism achievement among young
 Lack of commitment students
 students behaviour

Retrieved on Semtember 7, 2022 from the following

references:
Education issues in the Philippines: The ongoing struggle. (2021, August 25).
ChildHope Philippines. https://childhope.org.ph/education-issues-in-the-
philippines/

7 key issues and problems of Philippine education. (n.d.). ImbaLife.

https://www.imbalife.com/7-key-issues-and-problems-of-philippine-
education#:~:text=Studies%20and%20fact%2Dfinding%20commissions,the
%20content%20of%20the%20curriculum%3B

Issues regarding the educational system. (n.d.). K12 Academics | Your

Nationwide Resource for Everything Education.
https://www.k12academics.com/Education%20Worldwide/Education%20in
%20the%20Philippines/issues-regarding-educational-system
 Presentors:
Bohol, April Joy

Cabucos, Hazel Jane

Cañete, April Jean

Destacamento, Angelica

Diola, Quenie Martha

Getaruelas, Janica