Anual UNI Práctica dirigida de Filosofía

SEMANA

01
INGLÉS
REPASO SAN MARCOS
Present Simple
The present tense is the base form of the verb:
I work in London.

But with the third person singular (she/he/it), we add an – s:

She works in London.

Present simple questions

Look at these questions:

Do you play the piano?

Where do you live?
Does Jack play football?
Where does he come from?
Do Rita and Angela live in Manchester?
Where do they work?

We use do and does to make questions with the present simple. We use does for the third person singular
(she/he/it) and do for the others.

We use do and does with question words like where, what and when:

Where do Angela and Rita live?

What does Angela do?
When does Rita usually get up?

But questions with who often don’t use do or does:

Who lives in London?

Who plays football at the weekend?
Who works at Liverpool City Hospital?

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Here are some useful questions. Try to remember them:

Where do you come from? What work do you do?

Do you come from …? Do you like …?
Where do you live? Do you know …?
Do you live in ...?

Present simple negatives

Look at these sentences:

I like tennis but I don’t like football. (don’t = do not)
I don’t live in London now.
I don’t play the piano but I play the guitar.
They don’t work at the weekend.
John doesn’t live in Manchester. (doesn’t = does not)
Angela doesn’t drive to work. She goes by bus.

We use do and does to make negatives with the present simple. We use doesn’t for the third person sin-
gular (she/he/it) and don’t for the others.

Present simple and present time

We use the present simple to talk about:

• something that is true in the present:
I’m nineteen years old.
I’m a student.
He lives in London.

• something that happens regularly in the present:

I play football every weekend.

• something that is always true:

The human body contains 206 bones.
Light travels at almost 300,000 kilometers per second.

We often use adverbs of frequency like sometimes, always and never with the present simple:
I sometimes go to the cinema.
She never plays football.
Here are some useful sentences. Complete them so that they are true for you and try to remember them:
My name is … . I’m a(n) … .
I’m … years old. I … at the weekend.
I come from … . I often … .
I live in … . I never … .

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Complete these sentences so that they are true for a friend and try to remember them:
Her/His name is … . She’s/He’s a(n) … .
She’s/He’s … years old. She/He … at the weekend.
She/He comes from … . She/He often … .
She/He lives in … . She/He never … .

Present simple and future time

We also use the present simple to talk about:

• something that is fixed in the future:
The school term starts next week.
The train leaves at 19.45 this evening.
We fly to Paris next week.

• something in the future after time words like when, after and before and after if and unless:
I’ll talk to John when I see him.
You must finish your work before you go home.
If it rains we’ll get wet.
He won’t come unless you ask him.

Exercise
Text N° 1
Biofuels and the Environment
Leading investors have joined the growing chorus
of concern about governments and companies
rushing into producing biofuels as a solution for
global warming, saying that many involved in the
sector could be jeopardising future profits if they
do not consider the long-term impact of what they
are doing carefully.
It is essential to build sustainability criteria into the
supply chain of any green fuel project in order to
ensure that there is no adverse effect on the su-
rrounding environment and social structures. The
report produced by the investors expresses con-
cern that many companies may not be fully aware
of the potential pitfalls in the biofuel sector.
Production of corn and soya beans has increased
dramatically in the last years as an eco-friendly
alternative to fossil fuels but environmental and
human rights campaigners are worried that this
will lead to destruction of rain forests. Food prices
could also go up as there is increased competition
for crops as both foodstuffs and sources of fuel.
Last week, the UN warned that biofuels could have
dangerous side effects and said that steps need
to be taken to make sure that land converted to
grow biofuels does not damage the environment
or cause civil unrest. There is already great con-
cern about palm oil, which is used in many foods
in addition to being an important biofuel, as rain
forests are being cleared in some countries and
people driven from their homes to create palm oil
plantations.
An analyst and author of the investors’ report says
that biofuels are not a cure for climate change but
they can play their part as long as governments
and companies manage the social and environ-
mental impacts thoroughly. There should also be
greater measure taken to increase efficiency and
to reduce demand.
1. ____ are worried about the boom in biofuels.
A) Few people
B) Many people
C) Only these leading investors
D) All people around the world

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2. According to the text, biofuel producers ____
know about the possible problems.
A) do not
B) might not
C) must not
D) have to
3. Environmentalists believe that increased pro-
duction of corn and soya
A) has destroyed rain forests.
B) may lead to the destruction of rain forests.
C) might not destroyed rain forest.
D) will lead to the destruction of rain forests.
4. It is clear in the text that biofuels might
A) drive food prices up.
B) drive food prices down.
C) have little or no impact on food prices.
D) keep food prices a little bit lower
5. The author of the report says that biofuels
A) have no role to play in fighting global
warming.
B) can be effective in fighting global warming
on their own.
C) may fight against global warming.
D) should be part of a group of measures to
fight global warming.
Text N° 2
Airbus crisis over
Airbus says it has turned the corner after a crisis
connected to production problems and turmoil
in the boardroom at its A380 super-jumbo project
that has gone on for the past year. Speaking at the
Paris air show, Louis Gallois, CEO of the European
planemaker, said, “Airbus is back.”
Airbus, which announced a raft of orders on the
first day of the show, is competing with Boeing,
its American rival, for the title of the largest plane-
maker in the world.
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Boeing is expected to reveal the numbers of orders
for its 787 Dreamliner soon. Airbus orders unveiled
on Monday included Qatar Airways confirming a
$16bn order for 80 A350 Airbus planes and ordering
three A380 super-jumbos for about $750m.
Boeing and Airbus are also competing for orders
from aircraft leasing firms. Orders from these com-
panies - who rank highly among the biggest global
buyers of aircraft - are often regarded as an indica-
tion of how successful a model will be in the long
term.
Airbus also secured orders from US Airways that
are worth $10bn for 22 of its A350 jets, 60 A320s and
ten of its A330-200 wide-body planes.
A few months ago, Airbus unveiled a major
cost-cutting programme aiming to reduce the wor-
kforce in Europe by 10,000, as well as announcing
a group restructuring. “I can tell you with full con-
fidence that Airbus is back and fully back, as you
have started noting yesterday as demonstrated by
our first day announcements,” said Mr Gallois on
the second day of the air show.
However, Boeing also announced a deal with Ge-
neral Electric (GE) on the show’s first day. GE’s
commercial aviation services placed an order for
six 777 Boeing freighters valued at around $1.4bn,
to be delivered in the last quarter of 2008.
A Wall Street Journal website report, quoting the
Delta operating chief yesterday said that Delta Air
Lines were on the verge of ordering as many as 125
Boeing 787 jetliners by the end of this year. Howe-
ver, a spokesman for Delta later said that it had
been having conversations “with several aircraft
makers” and that “no final decision” had been
made on future fleet purchases.
6. According to the text, the problems at Airbus
A) have been resolved completely.
B) are well on their way to being sorted out.
C) are far from resolved.
D) do not really exist.
7. It is stated in the text that airbus announced 9. We can understand from the text that Boeing

A) a large number of orders on the first day of
the show.
B) some orders on the first day of the show.
C) a few orders on the first day of the show.
D) no orders on the first day of the show.
A) announced sales of the Dreamliner.
B) may sell some Dreamliners to General
Electric.
C) may sell some Dreamliners to Delta Air
Lines.
D) could not sell any Dreamliners.

8. It is clear in the text that Qatar Airways ordered

10. The Wall Street Journal website report

A) 83 planes on Monday.
A) was definitely correct.
B) 80 planes on Monday. B) was possibly correct.
C) 3 planes on Monday. C) was definitely wrong.
D) 200 planes on Monday. D) was possibly wrong.