COMSATS INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, LAHORE

RESEARCH TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES

MOHSIN NOOR SP19-BAF-020
SUBMIITED TO SR. MUHAMMAD AMIR
DATE 11, OCT 2022
ASSIGNMENT 1
 DEDUCTIVE METHOD
Deductive method focuses on developing a hypothesis based on existing theory, and then
designing a research strategy to test the hypothesis.
In deductive studies, the researcher develops a set of hypotheses at the start of the research.
Then, appropriate research methods are chosen and used to test the hypotheses to
determine whether they are correct or incorrect.
In deductive method there are possibilities to explain relation between concepts and
variables, measure concepts quantitatively generalize research findings to a certain extent.

LIMITATIONS OF DEDUCTIVE METHOD

The limitations of deductive method can be generally as
 THEORY
Starting with a existing theory and creating a problem statement.

 FORMULATING HYPOTHESIS
We can formulate hypothesis from existing theory in operational terms and propose relation
between two specific variables.

 TESTING HYPOTHESIS
To test hypothesis there are relevant methods which are quantitative methods such as
regression, correlation analysis, mean mode and median.

 OUTCOME
Examining the outcome of test and confirming or rejecting theory. When analyzing outcome
of test, it is very important compare research finding with literature findings.
EXAMPLE
we can explain the limitations of deductive method more with a help of example
In a deductive method, we always start with theory (result of inductive method). Deductive
means testing the theory, if no theory, no deductive research can be done.
I. THEORY
Created a problem statement from existing theory
All dogs have fleas.
II. HYPOTHESIS
Formulated a hypothesis from theory
All pets in apartment building have fleas.
 III. DATA TESTING
Analyzed data and test conduct a survey
10 out of 20 dogs didn’t have fleas.
IV. CONCLUSION
Decide whether we can reject null hypothesis or not
10 out of 20 dogs didn’t have fleas. Which means that reject hypothesis.
The conclusion of deductive method can only true if all the arguments made in inductive
research are true and all terms are clear.