FIRST YEAR – SECOND SEM – PRELIM
THE HOLY SPIRIT
“From now on the Helper, the HOLY
SPIRIT whom the father will send in
my name, will teach you all the things
and remind you all that I have told
you” – Jn. 14:26
 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE
HOLY SPIRIT
1. The Spirit of the Father and of
the Son
2. The third person of the
Trinity
3. The Giver of Life
 ROLES OF THE HOLY SPIRIT IN
OUR LIFE
1. Adopts us (Gal. 4:6)
2. Empowers us to Love (1 Jn.
4:11-12)
3. Empowers us to bear witness
(Jn. 15:26f)
4. Empowers us to know the
truth (Jn. 14:26)
5. Draws us into community,
unity, and ministry (Acts2:1-
21)
CHURCH
 Greek word “ekklesia” meaning
people of God called together
or an assembly convoked by
God
 The Catholic Church is a
community called by the
Father, united in Christ, and
guided by the Holy Spirit,
under the leadership of the
successor of Peter (first pope)
and the Bishops in communion
with him.
NATURE OF THE CHURCH
 Church as Mystery: by the
reasons of:
o Its origin in the Father’s
plan of salvation
o Its ongoing life in the
Risen Christ and the Spirit
o Its ultimate goal in the
fully achieved Kingdom of
God
 Church as Sacrament:
effective sign and symbol
of:
o Our union with God
o The unity among men, and
o Of Salvation
o Note: Sacrament-a visible
sign making present an
invisible reality
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ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISITCS OF THE
CHURCH
1. One
 We are One in origin: One
God
 We are One in source: Jesus
Christ
 Eph. 4:4-6
2. Holy
 Because of Christ love for the
Church as His bride.
 Because of the Holy Spirit
who graces her with the
fullness of salvation
3. Catholic
 “Catholic” means universal,
complete, all embracing
 We are Catholic because the
Church is:
i. Spread throughout the
world (Acts 1:8)
ii. Possesses all saving truth
(Jn. 16:13)
iii. Sent to all peoples (Mk.
16:15)
iv. Heal all kinds of sins (Jn.
20:23)
v. Abounds in every kind of
virtue and spiritual gifts
(Gal. 5:22-25)
4. Apostolic
 We are “apostolic” because:
i. Grounded on the
“foundation of the
Apostles” (Eph. 2:20)
ii. She guards and transmits
their teaching and witness
(Mt. 28:19-20)
iii. Guided by the apostles
through their successors
(Mt. 16:18)
THE MISSION AND MINISTRY OF THE
CHURCH
“Our Identity as a Church is both a
privilege and a TASK…
So as Church, our main task is to be
HOLY…
And we can do it by our generous
SERVICE to our neighbor.”
PRAYER
 Man’s way of loving, conscious
and personal communication
with God
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 God’s way to build a loving
relationship with us
TYPES OF PRAYER
A. According to Content/Purpose
 Adoration: praising
 Contrition: asking for
forgiveness
 Thanksgiving: saying or
giving thanks
 Supplication/Petition:
asking for blessings
 Silence with the Lord:
reflection, contemplation
B. According to Authorship
 Spontaneous Prayer:
prayers that are coming
from the heart, personal
and spontaneously said
 Formula prayer: prayers
that are already prepared
by the Church and taught to
us
C. Levels of Christian Prayer
 Private, personal prayer:
praying the rosary alone,
novenas
 Public, communal, liturgical
prayer: celebrating the
sacraments such as the
Mass, Baptism,
Confirmation.
 Note: personal and
communal prayer are
complementary; both are
necessary for an authentic
Christian Life.
WORSHIP
 Man’s interior reverence and
homage to the Divine Majesty
through words and actions in a
public ritual
 It is loving God with all our
heart, all our soul, all our mind,
and all our strength. (Mt.
22:37)
 We worship God as a sign of
our gratitude and love for…
o God created us (Father)
o God saved us (Son)
o God continuously sanctify us
(Holy Spirit)
 Authentic Worship: should
lead us to goodness and
generous service to others.
RITUAL
 A social, programmed symbolic
activity that can create,
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communicate, and transform o Lent (Passion of Christ)

the basic meanings of o Easter – the highest and
community life. center of all of the seasons of
the Church
o Ordinary Time II

SACRAMENTALS

 Objects (ashes, candles),

actions (kneeling, bowing),
practices (processions,
pilgrimages), places (church,
shrine), and the like that helps
us become aware of Christ’s
grace filled presence around us
or liberate from the presence LITURGICAL COLORS
of the evil one (exorcism).
1. Violet: melancholy, penance,
LITURGY (people’s work) humility (Advent, Lent,
 the official public worship of Confession, Mass for the Dead)
the Church 2. White: Light, innocence, purity,
 Liturgical Calendar: calendar glory, joy, triumph (Christmas,
used by the Catholic Church Easter, Feasts’ of the Lord
consisting of seasons and (except passion, Nuptial
feasts being celebrated by the Masses))
faithful in a given year 3. Green: life eternal, hope
 The Liturgical Year/Seasons (Ordinary Sundays)
o Advent 4. Red: blood, martyrdom,
passion, fire (Feast of Martyrs,
o Christmas Season
Pentecost, Passion of Christ.
o Ordinary Time I
Palm Sunday)
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5. Gold: Joy (Can replace all

colors except violet)
6. Pink: Joy (Third Sunday of
Advent, Fourth Sunday of Lent)