Lesson 14-1

Lesson 14
Women and Work
© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

Prepared by: Ms. Czarina Mae C. Legaspi
Learning Objectives
Relate the
problems women
face in the labor
and livelihood
sectors in the
present.
Formulate issues relating
Explain the women's rights to solve
value of determining what policy to
equality in the apply.
sphere of
work and
labor for
women.
Women in the Productive
Sphere

Women in the Productive Sphere
▸ “A women’s work is never done.”

▸ Women contribute to the economy in all
forms, from those who work in the
productive sphere, to those who support
workers in the reproductive sphere.
▸ Women still face the same issues – pay gap,
poverty, and lack of decent work
opportunities.

Right to decent work

Right to Decent Work
▸ Magna Carta for Women – Section 22

(women shall have the right to decent
work).
▸ Decent work entails support services that

take into consideration their maternal
functions, family obligations, and work

The Multiple Burden of
Women

The Multiple Burden of Women
▸ Women have both reproductive and

productive work, called by feminists as
“double day” or “multiple burden.”

Women Friendly
Workspaces

Women Friendly Workspaces
▸ A gender-responsive organization gives

importance to women’s true gender needs.
▸ Ignoring the needs of women with regard

to their unpaid reproductive work ignores
their true gender needs.

Women Friendly Workspaces
Other concrete ways of implementing gender-

responsive work spaces are as follows:
1. New laws that recognize the rights of
paid and unpaid care workers.
2. Pro-reproductive sector tax reforms.
3. Gender-responsive public financial
management reforms.
4. Official statistical systems that are more
sensitive to the care economy.
The Nature of Women’s
Paid Work

The Nature of Women’s Paid Work
▸ Women’s lack of choice in work may force them to

take dangerous jobs, assume jobs that do not offer
job security, or migrate elsewhere for better work
opportunities.
▸ Women also find themselves in part-time jobs to

balance their reproductive needs.
▸ Women head 25% of households globally but are

generally poorer due to wage discrimination and
other gender-specific forms of discrimination
against women. © 2020 | NOT FOR SALE
Sex-Role Stereotyping
at Work

Sex-Role Stereotyping at Work
▸ Men are predominantly employed in labor-

intensive jobs.
▸ Women are likely to take on jobs that are

related to their assumed traits – patience,
understanding, care.

Women in
Rural/agriculture sector

Women in Rural/agriculture sector
▸ The food and agriculture organization

recognizes rural women as active economic
actors being among the landless workers,
traders of agricultural and fishery
products, and agents in micro-
manufacturing enterprises
▸ Few women farmers have access to high-

quality production inputs, credit,
information on farming techniques, and
markets © 2020 | NOT FOR SALE
▸ They also face the challenges of unpaid

domestic work and care burden, limited
access to resource such as credit and
financial services, inadequate education,
government services, disadvantages in social
protection, and discrimination in most
aspects of work in the Philippine labor
context

▸ Limited access to property and decision-

making also hinder the progress of women
in the agricultural sector

Migrant women

Migrant women
The demand for care workers increased due to

the aging population of the developed world.
This phenomenon brought about further
feminization of labor among filipino workers
According to the United Nations Women

Committee that women OFWs are
predominantly service workers whereas male
OFWs are mainly production workers
Migrant women
▸ Women OFWs are often reported to

experience various challenges due to their
low skill and low education level. This
women are susceptible to abuse and
exploitation, illegal recruitment, contract
substation, and debt bondage.

Migrant women
▸ Other women become victims of human

trafficking or sex trafficking because they
were offered jobs which were actually a
front for an illegal recruitment scheme.
▸ Some women also experience violations of

their sexual and reproductive health due to
various discriminatory laws in countries
where they work

Migrant women
Balik Pinay! Balik Hanapbuhay!

▸ It aims to assist in the reintegration of
women overseas workers in terms of skills
training in entrepreneurship and other
business-related topics once they return to
the philippines

Women in the Informal
sector

The Women in the Informal sector
▸ Women represent a majority of the

informal sector particularly in developing
countries. They are attracted to informal
work because it provides them the
opportunity to easily engage in paid work
and earn income while helping their
families

The Women in the Informal sector
▸ Women often enter informal work that

lacks access to social protection and
productive resources, exposes them to poor
working conditions, and limits their
representation in many decision-making
structures
▸ They also experience gender inequality
aggravated by their low levels of
education and business literacy, hence
hindering their development
Domestic work and
domestic workers

Domestic work and domestic workers
▸ Women who do domestic work often have

no fixed working hours.
▸ There is no formal contract for the women

who engage in this work, and most of them
are not educated, comes from depressed
areas, or have migrated from poor rural
areas.

Domestic work and domestic workers
▸ The lack of education makes these workers

susceptible to abuse and exploitation,
specifically physical and sexual abuse.
▸ Their lack of awareness and separation

from the outside world often traps
domestic workers into this type of job

The Sex Trade

The Sex Trade
▸ Usually refers to the reproductive activity

called coitus or sex in exchange for pay.
▸ Viewed as a dominantly female issue as

most sex workers are female and most
buyers are males.

The Sex Trade
▸ Recreational sex and sex outside of

marriage was only socially acceptable to
men but not women – called as the double
standard sex.
▸ Sex work is rooted in the double standard

of sex – where men are free to have sexual
relations outside of marriage, women were
not. The “querida” mentality.
Selected Laws to
Address Problems of
Women and Work in the
Philippines

Selected Laws to Address Problems of Women and
Work in the Philippines
1. RA 9501 – the Magna Carta for Micro,

Small, and Medium Enterprises. Creates
policies to ensure women entrepreneurs are
assisted.
2. RA 10151 – An Act Allowing the

Employment of Night Workers. Lifted the ban
under Article 130 and 131 of the Labor Code
on the employment of women at night due to
their productive roles.
Selected Laws to Address Problems of Women and
Work in the Philippines
▸ 3. RA 10361 – Domestic Workers Act

(Kasambahay Law). Defines labor rights of
domestic household workers – a vast
majority are females. Increased the
minimum wage and provided regular
employment and benefits.
▸

Thank you!
Any Questions?


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Lesson 14

Women and Work

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

▸ “A women’s work is never done.”

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

▸ Magna Carta for Women – Section 22

▸ Decent work entails support services that

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

▸ Women have both reproductive and

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

▸ A gender-responsive organization gives

▸ Ignoring the needs of women with regard

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

Other concrete ways of implementing gender-

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

▸ Women’s lack of choice in work may force them to

▸ Women also find themselves in part-time jobs to

▸ Women head 25% of households globally but are

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

▸ Men are predominantly employed in labor-

▸ Women are likely to take on jobs that are

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

▸ The food and agriculture organization

▸ Few women farmers have access to high-

▸ They also face the challenges of unpaid

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

▸ Limited access to property and decision-

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

The demand for care workers increased due to

According to the United Nations Women

▸ Women OFWs are often reported to

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

▸ Other women become victims of human

▸ Some women also experience violations of

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

Balik Pinay! Balik Hanapbuhay!

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

▸ Women represent a majority of the

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

▸ Women often enter informal work that

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

▸ Women who do domestic work often have

▸ There is no formal contract for the women

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

▸ The lack of education makes these workers

▸ Their lack of awareness and separation

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

▸ Usually refers to the reproductive activity

▸ Viewed as a dominantly female issue as

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

▸ Recreational sex and sex outside of

▸ Sex work is rooted in the double standard

© 2020 | NOT FOR SALE

1. RA 9501 – the Magna Carta for Micro,

2. RA 10151 – An Act Allowing the