1.

Why should the spatula used for spooning solid chemicals from a reagent bottle

be clean and dry?

The spatula used for spooning solid chemicals from a reagent bottle

should be clean and dry for the reason that if it is accidentally use to scoop

another reagent, you already violate precautionary measure. If the spatula is

unclean and will be used to scoop to other reagent, there can be reaction

between the two reagents. Either of the reagents can be contaminated and can

give errors or problem to the next who will use the said reagents.

A clean and dry spatula is safe to scoop reagent.

2. Why must flat-topped stoppers be laid with their flat sides on the table?

Flat-topped stoppers should be laid with their flat sides on the table to

prevent it from contamination.

3. What is the use of the glass rod in transferring liquid reagents?

The use of the glass rod in transferring liquid reagents is to avoid spills

when pouring liquid.

4. In heating liquids in a test tube, why should the tube not be pointed to anyone

while it is being heated?

In heating liquids in a test tube, it should not be pointed to anyone

because any liquid can turn into gas. And that gas from the heated test tube is

dangerous to our health particularly to our eyes.

5. When heating liquids in a test tube, why is the test tube moved back and forth

across the flame?

 When heating liquids in a test tube, the reason that it is moved back and

forth is that it allows gases formed to escape and do no harm to the air as it

escape.

6. What precaution should be followed in preparing dilute acid solution?

Always wear Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) when doing

experiments. Wear safety gloves, safety goggles/glasses, laboratory coat,

safety shoes, and facemask.

7. Give at least five of the following:

a. Common laboratory equipment used in chemistry lab and its uses

1. Balance- used for weighing of samples.

2. Beaker- used for mixing, stirring, and heating chemicals.

3. Bunsen Burner- a mechanical apparatus that is connected to a flammable gas

source. Has a nub to adjust amount of gas flow and a rotating colour that

controls air flow.

4. Burette- used for extremely accurate addition of liquid.

5. Burette Clamp- used to clamp on ring stand to hold and secure burette.

6. Clay Triangle- triangular clay used to suspend crucibles.

7. Crucibles- small clay cup used for keeping substances.

8. Dropper- sucks up liquid that can be squeezed out in small drop.

9. Erlenmeyer flask/ Conical Flask- it allows easy mixing without too much risk

of spilling.

10. Evaporating Dish- used for evaporation of a solution.

11. Florence Flask/ Boiling Flask- have a round bottom and holds liquid that can

easily heated.

12. Funnel- can be plastic or glass and allows liquid to pass through a container.

13. Graduated Cylinder- measuring toll for the volume of a liquid.

14. Iron Clamp- used to clamp on a wing stand to hold glass tube.

15. Mortar and Pestle- used to grind up solid chemicals into fine powder.

16. Pipette- measure an exact volume of liquid by placing it into another

container.

17. Ring Clamp- used to clamp on a ring stand to clamp a beaker or a flask.

18. Ring Stand- stand used to support ring clamp, iron clamp, and burette clamp.

19. Spatulas- used to scoop solid chemicals out of its original container.

20. Stirring Rod- used to mix chemicals and liquids for laboratory purposes.

21. Test Tubes- it holds sample and used for qualitative assessment and

comparison.

22. Thermometer- used to measure the temperature of a substance or a liquid.

23. Tongs- used for grabbing panes and used to hold beakers, test tube, and

other apparatus.

24. Forceps- used to grab small thing like solid chemicals and broken glass

pieces.

25. Volumetric Flask- used to measure an exact volume of liquid.

26. Wash Bottle- used to rinse various pieces of laboratory glassware.

27. Watch Glass- holds a small amount of liquid or solid and used for evaporation

purposes.
28. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

1. Laboratory Coat- should be worn and buttoned whenever chemicals are

biological materials and are handled.

2. Safety Glasses/Goggles- provides protection against impact hazard.

3. Gloves- worn whenever handling hazardous materials even in small

quantities.

4. Facemask- to prevent hazardous material to through the nose.

Give at least five of the following:

b. Safety rules or precautions inside the chemistry laboratory

1. Take only as much reagent as you need.

2. If a spatula is used to remove a solid reagent from its container use only that

spatula for that reagent. Do not use the same spatula to remove reagent

from two different containers.

3. Once a reagent has been removed from its container, never return any

portion of it to its container. All excess material should be discarded as

instructed by the instructor.

4. In using mortar and pestle, only one substance at a time in grounding or

pounding in mortar and pestle. Never use one mortar and pestle in

simultaneously mixing different substances.

5. In testing an odor of gases, just waft your head and cautiously sniff the

fumes. Do not inhale fumes directly.

8. Explain the importance of knowing laboratory safety rules, guidelines, and

waste management.

The importance of knowing laboratory safety rules, guidelines, and waste

management is that you became familiar with what and where you are working

in. You became more aware with the risk if you failed to follow such guidelines.

Knowing laboratory safety rules, guidelines, and waste management can also

avoid us in accident and can help eliminate hazard.