Literatue

review
Chemistry:

ARGENTONOMETRIC
 Problem statement: Determination of Cl- ions in water sample
Objective: Determination of concentration of Cl- in water by using Mohr Method

• Generally Introduction Titration is a process by which the concentration

of an unknown substance in solution is determined by adding measured
amounts of a substance of a standard solution that reacts with the
unknown. Then the concentration of the unknown can be calculated using
the stoichiometry of the reaction and the number of moles of standard
solution needed to react.
 CHEMISTRY PROJECT
• In this chemistry project, our group is going to do precipitation filtration to get the
concentration of Cl⁻ ion in in 5 different water samples. Precipitation titration based
upon reactions that yield ionic compounds of limited solubility. The most important
precipitating reagent is AgNO3, silver nitrate. Titrimetric methods based upon silver
nitrate are sometimes termed “argentometric method”. K₂CrO₄,Potassium Chromate
can served as an end point indicator for the “argentometric” determination of chloride
,bromide and cyanide ions by reacting with silver ions to form a brick red silver
chromate precipitate in the equivalence point region
 THE MOHR METHOD
• The Mohr method uses chromate ions as an indicator in the titration of chloride ions with a
AgNO3, (silver nitrate) standard solution. After all the chloride has been precipitated as white silver
chloride, AgCl , the first excess of titrate results in the formation of a silver chromate precipitate,
which signals the end point. The reaction are
[1]
• Ag+ (aq) + Cl⁻ (aq) → AgCl (s)
• 2 Ag+ (aq) + CrO42- (aq) → Ag2CrO4 (s)
 CALCULATION: MOHR METHOD
• By knowing the stoichometry and moles consumed at the end point, the amount of chloride in an
unknown sample can be determined. [2]
• Ksp of AgCl vs Ag2CrO4
• Ksp AgCl= 1.8 x 1010 mol2 dm–3
• Ksp Ag2CrO4= 2.6 x 1012 mol3dm-9
• AgCl ⇌ Ag+ (aq) + Cl⁻ (aq)
• If x= solubility of AgCl
 FINDING SOLUBILITY OF Ag2CrO4

• So, [Ag+] [Cl-] = Ksp

• X^2 = 1.8 x 1010
• X= 1.3 x 10-5mol/dm^3
• Ag2CrO4⇌ 2Ag+ (aq) + CrO42- (aq)
• If y = solubility of Ag2CrO4
• [Ag+] [CrO42- ] = Ksp
• (2y) 2 (y)= 2.6 x 10-12
• 4y3 = 2.6 x 10-12
• y= 8.7 x 10 -5 mol dm-3
 IN CONCLUSION

• Since Ag2CrO4 is more soluble than AgCl, so the

titration will show white precipitate of AgCl first, before
the reddish brown precipitate of Ag2CrO4. So, in this
way, the concentration of all Cl- ion can be determined,
since the end point is the first appearance of the reddish
brown precipitate.