Key

Statistics
Guide
April
2021

MakeUK.org/uksteel
UK STEEL KEY STATISTICS 2021
The UK steel industry in numbers
UK STEEL KEY STATISTICS 2021

Contents
UK steel production
33,700
people directly employed
42,000
further jobs supported
Annual crude steel production 2005-2020 3 by the UK steel industry in the supply chain
UK steelmaking materials & production 2020 4-5

33% 45%
Raw material costs – Iron ore & hard coking coal Jan 2010-Dec 2020 6
Energy per Tonne of Steel Produced 2000-2020 6
Scrap: Mill receipts, net exports & price 2010-2020 7
Steel electricity price disparity 2020-2021 UK, Germany & France 7
average steel salary average steel salary
UK steel deliveries higher than the higher than in Wales
UK steel mill home and export deliveries 2005-2020 8 national average and Yorkshire &
Global traded volumes 2010-2020 8 Humberside Regions
UK steel mill deliveries to UK consumers and stockholders 2010-2020 by quarter 9

£2.1 bn £1.7 bn
UK steel requirement 2010-2020 9

UK steel trade
UK steel mill exports 2020 vs 2019 10 direct contribution to the direct contribution to
UK trade with EU countries 2005-2020 10 UK economy and an added the UK’s balance of trade
UK trade balance: steel mill products 2005-2020 11 £2.7 bn in supply chains
UK demand for steel mill products 2005-2020 11

UK steel market
Annual crude steel production 2005-2020
UK steel mill imports 2020 vs 2019 12
UK apparent demand & domestic share - steel products 2005-2020 12 Million tonnes
Share of UK demand met through imports 13 16.0
World crude steel production 2005-2020 13
14.0
Steel in the World
12.0
UK steel mill imports 2020 vs 2019 14
World top ten steel exporters & importers: steel mill products 15 10.0
Crude steel production 2020 16
Crude Steel Production by Process 2020 17 8.0

6.0

4.0

2.0

All data was provided by the International Statistics Bureau (ISSB) unless otherwise 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
stated. Please contact ISSB if further details are required: info@issb.co.uk
Electric Arc Furnace Steelmaking Basic Oxygen Steelmaking
2 3
UK STEEL KEY STATISTICS 2021 UK STEEL KEY STATISTICS 2021
UK steelmaking 2020, Materials & production

INTEGRATED STEELWORKS
Tata Port Talbot, British Steel Scunthorpe

10.9 mt 5.3 mt 5.7mt 7.0mt

Imported Iron Iron from Blast Basic Oxygen Crude
Ore Furnaces Steel Furnace Steel

2.1 mt 2.2mt 1.2 mt

Imported Coke Production Scrap
Coking Coal & Imports to BOS

EAF STEELWORKS
2.6 mt Celsa,
1.4 mt 1.3 mt
Recycled Used Liberty Rotherham,
Steel Scrap Outokumpu, EAF Scrap Electric Arc
Consumed Steel Furnaces
Sheffield
Forgemasters

4 5
UK STEEL KEY STATISTICS 2021 UK STEEL KEY STATISTICS 2021

Raw material costs –

Iron ore & hard coking coal Jan 2010-Dec 2020 UK scrap consumption, exports & price 2010-2020
$ per tonne
£ per
300.0 Million tonne
tonnes
350
250.0 9.0
8.0 300

200.0 7.0 250

6.0
200
150.0 5.0
4.0 150
100.0 3.0 100
2.0
50.0 50
1.0
0
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
UK Mill Scrap Receipts (excluding own arisings) UK Net Exports
China Import Iron Ore Fines 62% Fe Spot (CFR Tianjin Port) $ per Dry Metric Tonne
UK FOB Export Scrap Price
Coking Coal Pingdingshan Ex-Works $/t

Source: Kallanish

Steel electricity price disparity 2020-2021

Energy per Tonne of Steel Produced 2000-2020 UK, Germany & France
Gj per tonne £/MWh
29 £50.00
£46.60

27
£40.00

25
£28.74
£30.00
23 £25.00

£20.00
21

19 £10.00

17
France Germany UK
15
Wholesale costs (excl. carbon costs) Network costs
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020

Policy costs incl. carbon costs, after exemptions

Source: UK Steel
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UK STEEL KEY STATISTICS 2021 UK STEEL KEY STATISTICS 2021

UK steel mill home and export deliveries 2005-2020 UK steel mill deliveries to UK consumers and stockholders
2010-2020 by quarter
Million
tonnes 1,000
tonnes
16
800
14
700
12
600
10 500
8 400

6 300

200
4
100
2

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Consumers Stockholders
Total UK Steel Mill Deliveries Home Deliveries Export Deliveries
*Deliveries made by UK producers only, does not include any traded goods
*Deliveries made by UK producers only, does not include any traded goods that may have been imported and exported again.
that may have been imported and exported again.

Million
Global traded volumes 2010-2020 UK steel requirement 2010-2020
Million
tonnes tonnes
800 25

700
20
600

500 15

400
10
300

200 5

100

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Steel Contained in Imported Goods Steel Mill Imported Products

8
Total Flats Longs Semis Tubes Steel Mill Products from UK Mills 9
UK STEEL KEY STATISTICS 2021 UK STEEL KEY STATISTICS 2021

UK steel mill exports 2020 vs 2019 UK trade balance: steel mill products 2005-2020
1,000 £million
tonnes 2019 2020 1,000
600
500
500

400
-500
300
-1,000
200
-1,500
100
-2,000

-2,500
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2006

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2012

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2014

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2016

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2018

2019

2020
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Net exporter Net importer

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*Excludes products such as wire, certain forged bars, castings etc. but includes traded goods
that might not have been made in the UK

UK trade with EU countries 2005-2020 UK demand for steel mill products 2005-2020
Million Million
tonnes Euro/£ tonnes
7 1.60 16.0
6.5 14.0
1.40
6
12.0
5.5 1.20
10.0
5
1.00
4.5 8.0
0.80
4 6.0
3.5 0.60 4.0
3
0.40 2.0
2.5
2 0.20
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Supplied from UK mills Imports UK Demand
Export Import Euro/£
*Excludes any
imports made by
steel producers
10 11
UK STEEL KEY STATISTICS 2021 UK STEEL KEY STATISTICS 2021

UK steel mill imports 2020 vs 2019 Share of UK demand met through imports
1,000
tonnes 2019 2020
1,000
900
800
700 2015 2016 2017
600 59.2% 61.5% 62.4%
500
400
300
200
100

ia
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2018 2019 2020

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60.4% 61.0% 51.2%
O

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fr
A
N

*All UK imports including wire, forgings,

semi-finished and products that are converted

UK apparent demand & domestic share - World crude steel production 2005-2020
steel products 2005-2020 Million
Million tonnes
tonnes %
2000.0
16.00 100
1800.0
14.00 90
1600.0
80
12.00 1400.0
70
10.00 1200.0
60
1000.0
8.00 50
40 800.0
6.00
30 600.0
4.00
20 400.0
2.00 200.0
10
0
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Apparent demand Domestic Share (%) China Rest of World BOS EAF Other processes

Source: Worldsteel
12 13
UK STEEL KEY STATISTICS 2021 UK STEEL KEY STATISTICS 2021

Global apparent finished steel consumption World top ten steel exporters & importers: steel mill products
by region 2012 – 2019
Steel mill products (Semis, Long & Flat Products,Tubes)
  2012   2019   % Change
Million Tonnes
Region/Country Mt Share Mt Share 2012-2019 Export 2019 2020 2019-2020
EU 140.7 10% 158.7 9% 13% CHINA 59.4 49.2 -17%
Non-EU Europe 34.1 2% 33.9 2% 0% RUSSIA 29.0 31.0 7%
CIS 59.1 4% 58.8 3% -1% JAPAN 32.8 30.8 -6%
NAFTA 132.7 9% 135.0 8% 2% SOUTH KOREA 29.1 27.9 -4%
Central & South America 49.1 3% 42.4 2% -14% EU28 28.1 20.0 -29%
Africa 32.9 2% 36.4 2% 11% TURKEY 19.1 16.2 -15%
Middle East 50.7 4% 48.7 3% -4% INDIA 12.6 15.7 25%
Asia Exc China 278.5 19% 339.2 19% 22% UKRAINE 15.4 15.1 -2%
China 660.1 46% 907.5 51% 37% BRAZIL 13.2 10.6 -20%
Oceania 7.7 1% 6.6 0% -15% TAIWAN 11.0 10.4 -6%
World Total 1445.6   1767.1   22% OTHER 47.4 45.5 -4%
*2020 data not yet available Source: Worldsteel
Total 297.2 272.4 -8%
* Excludes EU28 Internal Trade

Import 2019 2020 2019-2020

EU28 36.9 29.9 -19%
CHINA 15.2 38.4 153%
USA 25.6 18.9 -26%
TURKEY 12.2 11.8 -3%
SOUTH KOREA 15.8 11.5 -27%
INDONESIA 13.2 9.5 -28%
MEXICO 10.8 8.7 -20%
TAIWAN 7.1 7.2 1%
CANADA 7.0 6.7 -4%
PHILIPPINES 7.1 5.9 -16%
OTHER 73.4 51.7 -30%
Total 224.2 200.1 -11%
* Excludes EU28 Internal Trade

14 15
 Crude steel production 2020 Crude Steel Production by Process 2020

Million Tonnes Million Tonnes

EU PRODUCERS Total EU PRODUCERS B.O.F. E.A.F. Other Total

2018 2019 2020 Germany (e) 24.1 11.5 0.0 35.7
Germany (e) 42.4 39.7 35.7 Italy 3.1 17.3 0.0 20.4
Italy 24.5 23.2 20.4 France 7.8 3.8 0.0 11.6
France 15.4 14.4 11.6 Spain (e) 3.0 8.0 0.0 11.0
Spain (e) 14.3 13.6 11.0 Poland 3.9 3.9 0.0 7.9
Poland 10.2 9.0 7.9 Austria 6.0 0.7 0.0 6.7
Austria 6.9 7.4 6.7 Belgium (e) 4.2 1.9 0.0 6.1
Belgium 8.0 7.8 6.1 United Kingdom 5.7 1.4 0.0 7.1
Other EU 45.4 42.4 39.8 Other EU 22.2 10.6 0.0 32.8
Total EU28 167.1 157.4 139.1 European Union (28) 80.1 59.1 0.0 139.1
Other EU 45.4 42.4 39.8
Total EU28 167.1 157.4 139.1 WORLD PRODUCERS B.O.F. E.A.F. Other Total
China (e) 966.8 98.0 0.0 1,064.8
WORLD PRODUCERS Total European Union (28) 80.1 59.1 0.0 139.1
2018 2019 2020 Japan 62.0 21.1 0.0 83.2
China 929.0 995.4 1,064.8 India (2) 44.6 55.6 0.0 100.2
European Union (28) 167.1 157.4 139.1 United States 21.4 51.4 0.0 72.7
Japan 104.3 99.3 83.2 Russia (e) 47.2 23.0 1.4 71.6
India 109.3 111.4 100.2 South Korea 46.3 20.8 0.0 67.1
United States 86.6 87.8 72.7 Turkey 11.0 24.8 0.0 35.8
Russia (e) 72.1 71.7 71.6 Brazil 23.3 7.2 0.4 31.0
South Korea 72.5 71.4 67.1 Ukraine (e) 15.6 1.1 3.9 20.6
Turkey 37.3 33.7 35.8 Taiwan, China 12.5 8.1 0.0 20.6
Brazil 35.4 32.6 31.0 Iran 2.5 26.5 0.0 29.0
Ukraine (e) 21.1 20.8 20.6 Mexico 2.9 13.9 0.0 16.8
Taiwan, China 23.2 22.0 20.6 Canada 6.0 5.0 0.0 11.0
Iran 24.5 25.6 29.0 Vietnam 10.9 5.6 3.0 19.5
Mexico 20.2 18.4 16.8 World (3) 1,373.1 493.4 8.8 1,875.2
Canada 13.4 12.9 11.0 e - estimate Source: Worldsteel
Vietnam 15.5 17.5 19.5 (2) - B.O.F. includes Open Hearth
World 1,826.5 1,874.4 1,875.2

16 17
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UK steel industry and champions the
country’s steel manufacturers.
We represent the sector’s interests to
government and promote our innovative,
vibrant and dynamic industry to the public.
Together, we build the future of the UK
steel industry.

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