PSTMLS 100: Lesson I Philippine Educational System

The Philippine’s Trifocal Education System

Kagawaran ng Edukasyon d. Immunohematology

 Most commonly known as DepEd e. Immunology and Serology
 Focuses on primary, secondary, and f. Clinical Microscopy
non-formal education g. Parasitology
 Legal basis: RA 9155 h. Histopathologic/ Cytologic Techniques
i. Other emergent technologies
Commission on Higher Education
 A body under DepEd that is Philippine Medical Technology Program
specifically overseas the college level
education Career opportunities for BSMT graduates:
 Focuses on higher education 1. Licensed Medical Technologist
 RA 7722 2. Diagnostic Molecular Scientist
3. Research Scientist
4. Diagnostic Product Specialist
5. Public Health Practitioner
Technical Education and Skills Development 6. Healthcare Leaders
Authority 7. Educator
 Offered 21st century skills
 Focuses on post-secondary, middle- Allied Medical Fields:
level manpower training and 1. Public Health/ Epidemiology
development 2. Veterinary Laboratory Science
 RA 7796 3. Molecular Biology
4. Nuclear Science
5. Forensic Science
6. Health Administration
Philippine Educational System 7. Food and Industrial Microbiology

1863 Article V Section 9

 Philippine education was managed by the Superior
Commission of Primary Instruction 9.1.1 General Education Core Courses 24 units
Understanding the Self 3 units
1987 – 2007 Readings in Philippine History 3 units
 After a series of name changes, the department Mathematics in Modern World 3 units
eventually became Department of Education, Culture Contemporary World 3 units
and Sports (DECS) Purposive Communication 3 units
Art Appreciation 3 units
1994 Science, Technology, and Society 3 units
 CHED and TESDA were established Ethics 3 units
9.1.2 General Education Elective Courses 9 units
2001 GE Elective 1 3 units
 DECS was renamed to DepEd through the RA 9155 GE Elective 2 3 units
GE Elective 3 3 units
Philippine Medical Technology Program 9.1.3 General Education Mandated Course 3 units
The Life and Works of Jose Rizal 3 units
Legal basis: CHED Memorandum Order No. 13 Series 2017 9.1.4 Physical Education Courses 8units
or CMO 13 s. 2017 Physical Education 1-4 2,2,2,2 units
9.1.5 NSTP Courses 6 units
BS Medical Technology NSTP 1 3 units
- A four- year program consisting of general education NSTP 2 3 units
and professional courses. The fourth year level is 9.1.6. Core Courses 25 units
the internship program of the one year in a CHED-
Inorganic and Organic Chemistry 4 units
accredited training laboratory with rotational duties in
Analytical Chemistry 4 units
different sections such as:
Biochemistry for Med Lab Science 5 units
Human Anatomy and Physiology with 4 units
a. Clinical Chemistry Pathophysiology
b. Hematology Principle & Strategies of Teaching in Med Lab 2 units
c. Microbiology
Science
Biostatistics and Epidemiology 3 units
Health Information System for Med Lab Science 3 units
9.1.7 Professional Courses 65 units Asynchronous
Principles of Medical Laboratory Science 3 units - Students learn at different times
Practice 1 Principles of Medical Laboratory 3 units - Communication is not live
Science - Possibly more convenient and flexible
Practice 2 Community and Public Health for Med 4 units - Allows student to work at their own pace
Lab Science
Human Histology 2 units EX: email, screencasts, flipgrid, videos, blog post/comments
Molecular Biology and Diagnostics 3 units
Med Tech Laws and Bioethics 3 units HYBRID LEARNING BLENDED LEARNING
Cytogenetics 2 units
Clinical Chemistry 1 5 units  Combination of in-  Technology used to
Clinical Bacteriology 5 units person and virtual supplement in-
Clinical Parasitology 3 units teaching person and remote
Hematology 1 4 units  Takes place learning
Histopathologic and Cytologic Techniques 3 units simultaneously  Takes places
Laboratory Management 2 units  In-person and asynchronously
Clinical Chemistry 2 5 units remote learners  In-person and
Hematology 2 3 units are different remote learners are
Immunology and Serology 4 units individuals the same people
Immunohematology 4 units
Analysis of Urine and Body Fluids 3 units
Mycology and Virology 2 units LEARNING DELIVERY MODELS
Seminar 1 1 units 1. In person learning
Seminar 2 1 units 2. Blended learning
9.1.8 Research Courses 5 units 3. Distance learning
Intro to Med Lab Science Research 2 units
Bantay Covid-19
Research Paper Writing and Presentation 3 units
- Current CHED guidelines during the Covid-19
9.1.9 Clinical Internship Courses 28 units
pandemic
Clinical Internship 1 12 units
 Guidelines in the Implementation of Flexible
Clinical Internship 2 12 units
Learning (Joint Memorandum Order No. 2021-004)
Medical Technology Assessment Program 1 2 units  Sustaining Flexible Learning in Higher Education
Medical Technology Assessment Program 2 2 units (CMO No. 06 Series of 2022)

Summary of Units High Level Technology

GE Core Courses 24 units Availability of Device: Laptops, mobile phones, tablets,
GE Elective Course 9 units desktops
GE Mandated Course 3 units Internet Connectivity: Fast
PE Courses 8 units Level of Digital Literacy: Proficient
NSTP Courses 6 units Approaches: Online learning or blended learning technology
Core Courses 25 units
Professional Courses 65 units Medium Level Technology
Research Courses 5 units Availability of Device: mostly available phones
Clinical Internship Courses 28 units Internet Connectivity: Slow
Level of Digital Literacy: Advanced
Total Units: 179 units Approaches: Marco and micro learning approach (a mix of
online and offline activities)
Synchronous
- Students learn at the same time Low Level Technology
- Communication happens in real time Availability of Device: some mobile phones or no technology
- Possibly more engaging and effective Internet Connectivity: Poor or no internet connection
- Allows for instant feedback and clarification Level of Digital Literacy: Beginner
Approaches: Self-instructional modules/ mostly offline
EX: video conferencing, live chat, live streamed videos activities
“Covid-19 Vaccination not a Requirement for Face-to-face
Classes” – CHED, Press Release, August 30, 2022
PSTMLS 100: Lesson II Characteristics of A Teacher

Roles, Functions and Characteristics of Health Professionals in o Sensitivity towards their needs
Education o Respect for rights
o Fair
1. Instructional Role
Planning and organizing courses 3. Personal Characteristics
- Includes choosing learning outcomes, substantive o Enthusiasm
content, learning activities, and assessing the o Patience
correlation of the course with other courses o Flexibility
 Creating and maintaining a desirable group climate
o Sense of humor
- Classrooms should be conductive both to the
teacher and the students
4. Teaching practices
 Adapting teaching and preparation of instructional
o Utilizes varying appropriate method
materials to the needs of the students
- Use of materials should be according to the needs,
5. Evaluation Practices
interests, and abilities
o Clear communication
 Motivating and challenging students to pursue and
o Timely feedback of student progress
sustain learning activities
o Tactful correction
- Students must be encouraged to practice critical
o Fairness in evaluation
thinking
What makes a good teacher? (CMO 13 s. 17)
Activities of instructors include:
- Supplying needed information Section 14. Faculty
- Explaining, clarifying, and interpreting
- Demonstrating procedures 14.1 A faculty member teaching licensure and non-
- Becoming a resource person licensure MT/MLS courses shall have academic
- Supervising students’ performance preparation appropriate to his/her teaching
- Evaluating teaching and learning activities assignment.

2. Faculty Role 14.1.1 For those teaching non-licensure MT/MLS courses:

- Chairman, secretary, or member of committees
- Counselor of students in academic and non- A faculty member who has appropriate
academic matters Master's/Doctoral degree in related fields shall be
- Resource person to both inside and outside the allowed to teach courses not included in the
institution licensure examination.
- Representative to organizations and agencies
- Public relations agent 14.1.2 For those teaching courses included in the
licensure examination, the following qualifications
3. Individual Role are required:
- Assumes personal roles such that he/she is a
member of:
 a registered Medical Technologist with current and
 Family valid Professional Regulation Commission (PRC)
 Church license unless a special temporary permit to teach
 Community issued by the PRC
 Country  holder of a Master's degree in Medical Technology,
Public Health, and other MT/MLS related fields
Characteristics of an Effective Teacher:  must have at least one year of (1) clinical experience
1. Professional Competence 14.1.3 A full time faculty member shall have a regular
o Sufficient knowledge and expertise teaching load regardless of lecture or laboratory
classes with no more than three (3) preparations in
2. Interpersonal relationship with students any one semester.
o Ability to relate with students
14.1.4 A faculty member shall have a full time status in only b) Association of Schools of Medical Technology
one (1) HEI. 14.1.6 In case of vacancy in the teaching force of the
college during the school year, a substitute or a
14.1.5 Must be an active member of good standing in the replacement with similar or higher qualifications
following: shall be employed.
a) PRC-Accredited Professional Organization for
Medical Technologists
PSTMLS 100: Lesson III Theories of Learning

Theories of Learning  Long-term store

1. Behaviorism 3.Social Cognitive Theory

- Learning is measured through change in behavior - Previously known as “social learning theory”
- Teaches students to respond appropriately to - Learning is observational
environmental cues - Blends behaviorism and cognitivism – “cognition
- Uses positive reinforcement, negative mediates behavior”
reinforcement, positive punishment, and negative - “learning by observing and observation”
punishment as conditioning strategies
Important personality:
Important personalities: 1. Albert Bandura – four processes of observational
learning
1. Edward Thorndike – Connectionism (1) Attention – determines what is observed and
 Three laws of cause and effect extracted from events
(2) Retention – retaining knowledge
 Conceptualize Law of Readiness
(3) (Re)production – memories to actions
 Law of Exercise
(4) Motivation – incentives, willingness to do so
 S is connected to R
4. Constructivism
2.Burrhus Frederic (B.F) Skinner – Operant - Learning is acquired by making sense of new
conditioning experiences
 Behavior is determine by consequences - Highly student-centered
- Two processes:
3. Ivan Pavlov – Classical conditioning (1) Assimilation – interpreting an experience using
 Experiment on dog (bell ring) previous knowledg
 the food was the unconditioned stimulus. An (2) Accommodation – forming new knowledge based on
unconditioned response is an automatic response to current experience
a stimulus. The dogs salivating for food is the
unconditioned response in Pavlov's experiment . 5. Constructivism
 Jean Piaget – combined the concept of cognitivism
4. John Watson – Little Albert experiment and constructivism
 Pioneer of Behaviorism
 demonstrated that classical conditioning could be 6. Social Constructivism
used to create a phobia. A phobia is an irrational - Learning is achieved through interaction with
fear, that is out of proportion to the danger. In this others
experiment, a previously unafraid baby was - Integrates culture into the learning process
conditioned to become afraid of a rat. - Two levels of knowledge
(1) Interpersonal (external)
2. Cognitive Theory (2) Intrapersonal (internal)
- Learners focus on acquiring knowledge and concepts
rather than new behavior Important personality:
- Focuses on how knowledge is remembered and - Lev Vygotsky
stored
Multiple Intelligence Theory
Three components of memory:  Considered as “one of the best theories in solving
 Sensory register – information is received through problems
senses that human beings encounter in the learning
 Short-term store – information is easily loss if the process”
student will not make an effort to remember it
  Based on the perspective that learning dynamics can
change according to the nature of the individual

Important personality
- Howard Earl Gardener
Linguistic Interpersonal
Logical mathematics Intrapersonal
Spatial Naturalistic
Bodily kinesthetic Existential
Musical