TITLE: RIZAL’S LIFE AND WORKS
there was no limit to the ability of
TOPIC 1 – RIZAL’S LAW
The Rizal’s Law, known as RA 1425 mandates
the study of Rizal’s Life and Works as provided
in Sec. 1. This Republic Act calls for an
increased sense of nationalism from the
Filipino people during a time of a shrinking
Filipino identity.
The bill was enacted on June 12, 1956, Flag
Day. This was sponsored by Senator Claro M.
Recto.
The Law was enacted in 1956 to attain the ff
goals;
1. Rededicate the lives of youth to the
ideals of freedom and nationalism for
which heroes lived and died;
2. Play tribute to our national hero for
shaping the Filipino characters.
Importance of studying the Life and Works of
Rizal
1. Recognize the importance of Rizal’s
ideals and Teaching in relation to
present conditions and situations in the
society.
2. Application of such ideals in current
social and personal problems and
issues.
3. Develop and understand of all that Rizal
fought and died for.
Characteristics of Rizal as a hero in the
Philippines
1. Nobility and Dignity. Relied on the
strength of his pen, without resulting to
violence
2. Showing the Filipino Potential
a) Rizal was a brilliant writer and poet
b) Speak several languages and highly
skilled
c) A novelist, engineer, Rizal showed
the Filipino
3. Fighting for freedom. Through his work
he revolutionize the Filipino thought.
4. A Reformist. Through his works, he
showed how important it is for the Phil.
To be civilized
5. Dying for his country. Used his pen to
expose the hypocrisy of the Spanish
authorities.
6. Multifaceted intellectual and a Political
Activist. This was shown in his political
writings that inspired the Philippine
revolution that ultimately led to his
execution by the Spanish colonizers.
TOPIC 2 – PHILIPPINES IN 19TH CENTURY
POLITICAL CONDITIONS
The Philippines suffered from the Following:
1. Feudalistic and Masters Slave Relation
by the Spaniards. The Filipinos were
sold
2. Appointment of officials with
inadequate qualifications.
3. There were too complicated to the
unions of the church and the state.
4. Manner of obtaining the position. The
appointment of
5. .
6. Distance of the Colony – Officials
traveled to various places and the
needs of the Philippines were ignored.
7. Personal interest over the welfare of
the State.
8. Corruption is done more by the
Alcadias/Alcalde.
Economic Conditions
1. Opened to foreign trade – resulting to
the expansion of enterprises in Manila
and expanded further upon the
completion of the Suez Canal in 1869.
 2. Increased of agricultural output, exports
of sugar, rice, abaca and tobacco.
3. Some Filipino families were able to send
children to Europe to study – thru
international Commerce and trade.
4. Huge growing commercial and
agricultural; resulted to a new class.
5. Haciendas of coffee, abaca, sugar
emerged due to the agricultural,
commercial and trade expansion.
Philippines in the 19th Century
Social Structure
The Filipinos in the 19th century had suffered
from feudalistic and master slave relationship
by the Spaniards. Their social structure is
ranked into three groups:
1. Highest Class - the people that belong
in this class include the Spaniards,
peninsulares and the friars. They have
the power and authority to rule over
the Filipinos. They enjoyed their
positions and do what they want.
 The Spanish Officials
 The peninsulares (Spaniards who
were born in Spain). They held the
most important government jobs
and made up the smallest number
of the population.
 The Friars are members of any of
certain religious orders of men,
especially the four mendicant
orders (Augustinians, Carmelites,
Dominicans, and Franciscans).
2. Middle Class - The people that belongs
into this class includes the natives,
mestizos and the criollos.
 Natives the pure Filipinos
 The Mestizos are the Filipinos of
mixed indigenous Filipino or
European or Chinese ancestry.
 Criollos were people of Spanish
descent who were born in Mexico.
3. Lowes Class - This class includes the
Filipinos only.
 Indios are the poor people
having pure blood Filipin which
ruled by the Spaniards.
TOPIC 3 – RIZAL’S LIFE: FAMILY, CHILDHOOD
AND EARLY EDUCATION
Dr. Jose P. Rizal is a genius of his kind who was
molded by his parents and his teachers.
Endowed by God with versatile gifts, he truly
ranked with the world’s geniuses, and became
the greatest hero a nation.
Rizal-Mercado Family
The Rizal family is considered as one of
the biggest family during their time Domingo
Lam-co, the family’s paternal ascendant was
Chinese who came to the Philippines from
Amoy, China in the closing years of the 17 th
century and married a half-Chinese by the name
of Ines de la Rosa.
Jose Protacio Realonda Alonzo Mercado Rizal
 Known to a “child of a good family”
 Jose was born on June 19, 1861
 Calamba, Laguna (between 11 and
12 at night)
 He was the seventh of eleventh
children, the younger of two boys
and with nine sisters all in all.
RIZAL-MERCADO FAMILY
 FRANCISCO MERCADO (1818 – 1898)
- Father of Jose Rizal who was the
youngest of 13 off springs of Juan and
Cirila Mercado. Born in Binan, Laguna
on April 18, 1818; studied in San Jose
College, Manila; and died in Manila.
Francisco Mercado Y Chinco
- A prosperous landowner
- Sugar and rice planter
 - Well educated having studied Latin and
Philosophy
- Trader
 TEODORA ALONSO (1827 – 1913)
- The second child of Lorenzo Alonso and
Brijida de Quintos. Studied at the
Colegio de Santa Rosa.
Teodora Alonso
- A business-mined woman, courteous,
religious, hard-working and well-read.
- One of the most highly educated
women in the Phil. That time
- A gifted woman with insights in
literature, art, music and other forms of
Filipino culture.
- A fine mathematician, gourmet cook,
Interior decorator, collector of fine
books.
- Was of Ilocano-Tagalog-Chinese-
Spanish descent
 JOSE FLORENTINO
- Uncle of Rizal
- Elected to the Spanish Cortes
- Distinguished government servant
- Inspiration of Rizal to be a government
servant too.
The Name: Jose Protacio Realonda Alonso Rizal
Mercado
Jose – was named after
 St. Joseph
 From uncle, lolo and other siblings
Protacio – St. Protacio a martyr.
- Filipino priest baptized him; secular
Archbishop confirmed
Rizal – A shortened from of the Spanish word
“second crop”, seemed suited to a family of
farmers who were making a second start in a
new home.
Mercado was attached to Rizal to avoid
confusion
Realonda – was adopted by Francisco’s mother-
in-law that gave Teodora a middle name
Realonda
THE SIBLINGS
Saturnina (1850-1913), eldest of the Rizal
children, became the wife of Manuel T. Hidalgo
of Tanauan, Batangas. She and her mother
provided the little Jose with the basic education
by the age of three.
Paciano, the second child in the family and
Rizal’s only brother, was born on March 7, 1851
in Calamba, Laguna. He was fondly addressed
by his siblings as Nor Paciano, short for “Senior
Paciano”. The 10 year older brother of Jose
studied at San Jose College in Manila, became a
former and later general of the Philippine
Revolution.
Narcisa (1852-1939), third Rizal, was married to
Antonio Lopez, a teacher of Morong, Rizal. Later
in history, Narcisa (like saturnina) would help in
financing Rizal’s studies in Europe, even
pawning her jewelry and peddling her clothes if
needed.
Olimpia (1855-1887), fourth Rizal Child, was
married to Silvestre Ubaldo. Jose loved to tease
her, sometimes good-humoredly describing her
as his stout sister. She died of childbirth in 1887.
Lucia (1857-1919), fifth Rizal child, was wife of
Mariano Herbosa.
Maria (1859-1945), the sixth Rizal child, became
the wife of Daniel Faustino Cruz of Binan,
Laguna. It was to her whom Jose talked about
wanting to marry Josephine Bracken when the
majority of the Rizal family was apparently not
amendable to the idea. In his letter date
December 28, 1981, Jose wrote to Maria.
Conception (1862-1865) – her pet name was
Concha; she died of sickness at the age of 3; her
death was Rizal’s first sorrow in life.
Josefa (1865-1945) was the ninth child in the
family, Panggay (her nickname) died an old
maid at the age of 80.
Trinidad (1868-1951), the tenth Rizal child.
Historically, she was the custodian of Rizal’s
greatest poem. She died also an old maid in
1951 at the age of 83.
Soledad (1870-1929), the youngest Rizal child
became the wife of Pantaleon Quintero.
Jose Rizal had nine sisters and one brother.
Saturnina Rizal was the Eldest child among the
siblings, followed by Paciano, Narcisa, Olympia,
Lucia, Maria, Jose, Conception, Josefa and the
youngest was Soledad. Rizal came from a
mixture races, his paternal ascendant was
Domingo Lamco, a full-blooded Chinese.
What are the accomplishments of Rizal in
Spain?
He was conferred the degree of Licentiate in
Medicine by the Universidad Central de Madrid
on June 21, 1884. The next academic year, he
studied and passed all subjects leading to the
degree of Doctor of Medicine.
RIZAL’S CHILDHOOD
 Jose Rizal had many beautiful memories
of childhood in his native town Calamba
where he grew up with his family. The
happiest period of Rizal’s life was spent
in this lakeshore town, a worthy
prelude to his Hamlet-like tragic
manhood.
 Rizal loved Calamba with all his heart
and soul. In 1876, when he was 15 years
old and was a student in Ateneo de
Manila, he remembered his beloved
town. Accordingly, he wrote a poem Un
Recuerdo A Mi Pueblo (In Memory of
My Town). The first memory of Rizal, in
his infancy, was his happy days in the
family garden when he was three years
old. Because he was a frail, sickly, and
undersized child, he was given the
tenderest care by his parents. His father
built a nipa cottage in the garden for
him to play in a day. A kind old woman
was employed as an aya (nurse maid) to
look after his comfort.
 “Pepe” or “Pepito” to the town people
of Calamba
 Was struck by tragedy with the death of
his favorite sister Concha.
 1868 (7 yrs. Old), he wrote a comedy for
the local fiesta
 A voracious reader, was able to read at
age of 3
 Was influenced greatly by his mother in
his education and development of
interest in poetry, music and European
literature
 Readings in Tagalog poetry and
assignments in Phil. History inculcated
sense of Filipino Culture
 At the age of eight, Rizal wrote his first
poem in the native language entitled Sa
Aking mga Kababata (To My Fellow
Children)
Early Religious Writings
1. Ode to Jesus (1875) (To the child Jesus)
- a poem of eight verse only
2. “A La Virgen Maria” (To the Virgin
Mary)- a sonnet
3. Alianza intima la religion y la education”
The Parable of the Moth
 Was an inspiration to Rizal
  He said, it was not possible to conquer
insurmountable odds and be a martyr in
reality but never an illusion.

TITLE: RIZAL’S LIFE IN DAPITAN

What was the most important thing Rizal did in

Dapitan?

Rizal also put a school and dormitory for boys in

Talisay as well as a clinic where he treated
ailments and performed eye surgery. With
engineering and architectural skills, he built a
dam and waterworks in Talisay and set up the
town plaza of Dapitan with street lighting.

What did Rizal teach to the farmers in

Dapitan?

He encourage the Dapitan farmers to replace

their primitive system of cultivation with these
modern methods. These modern methods of
farming consisted of the use of fertilizers, the
rotation of crops, and the use of farm machines.
Rizal actually imported some farm machines
from the United States.

What were the most significant activities and

contribution of Rizal in Dapitan?

Rizal devoted much effort in Dapitan. He tilled

the soil and planted rice, corn, abaca and many
fruit trees. He practiced his profession as
physician and eye surgeon. Constructed
residential and little hospital houses. He also
assisted to the beautification of the public
square.

30 Dec Rizal’s Last Hours. On December 26,

1896, the military court tried Jose Rizal and
later found him guilty of rebellion, sedition, and
conspiracy. The Spanish authorities believed
that Rizal’s writings “fatally and necessarily”
incited the rebellion which, by 1896, had
already become a revolution.