CONVERSION OF UNITS

Lesson 1
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UNIT 1 - Measurements
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UNIT 1 - Measurements
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UNIT 1 - Measurements
What do we know today?

Solve measurement problems involving

conversion of units, expression of
measurements in scientific notation.

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 Introduce yourselves!

UNIT 1 - Measurements
Source: https://www.fastweb.com/student-life/articles/what-to-expect-on-your-first-day-of-class-in-college
Let’s do something first…

INTRODUCTION

The teacher shall introduce himself. Watch

carefully and take note of anything that you will
notice.

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Hello, students!
My name is ELLA MAE
FRANCISCO ARINGO.
I am 5 feet 4 inches old.
I weigh 8,395 days.
My height is 154 pounds.
What do you observe in the introduction?

If there are any, how can you make this

introduction more understandable?

General Physics 1
Hello, students!
My name is ELLA MAE
FRANCISCO ARINGO.
I am 8,395 days old.
I weigh 154 pounds.
My height is 5 feet 4 inches
.
What do you observe in the introduction?

If there are any, how can you make this

introduction more understandable?

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 What are SI units?

SI Units (International System of Units) is the most

accepted system of measurement among scientists. It
involves the metric system.

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Seven Fundamental Quantities
Quantity Name Symbol
Length meter m
Mass kilogram kg
Time second s
Electric current ampere A
Temperature kelvin K
Amount of substance mole mol
Luminous intensity candela cd
The other physical quantities are known as derived quantities, because they
are derived from the basic quantities.
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Prefixes in Metric System

One great feature of the SI units is that they utilize

prefixes to express very small or very large
measurements. Each prefix is based on the power of
10.

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 Example Example Example
Prefix Symbol Value Example Description
Name Symbol Value
Exa E 1018 exameter Em 1018 m Distance light travels in a century
Peta P 1015 petasecond Ps 1015 s 30 million years
Tera T 1012 terawatt TW 1012 W Powerful laser output
Giga G 109 gigahertz GHz 109 Hz A microwave frequency
Mega M 106 megacurie MCi 106 Ci High radioactivity
Kilo k 103 kilometer km 103 m About 6/10 mile
hector h 102 hectoliter hL 102 L 26 gallons
Deka da 101 dekagram dag 101 g Teaspoon of butter
____ ____ 100 (=1)
Deci d 10–1 deciliter dL 10–1 L Less than half a soda
Centi c 10–2 centimeter cm 10–2 m Fingertip thickness
Mili m 10–3 millimeter mm 10–3 m Flea at its shoulder
Micro µ 10–6 micrometer µm 10–6 m Detail in microscope
Nano n 10–9 nanogram ng 10–9 g Small speck of dust
Pico p 10–12 picofarad pF 10–12 F Small capacitor in radio
Femto f 10–15 femtometer fm 10–15 m Size of a proton
Atto a 10–18 attosecond General
as Physics 1 s
10–18 Time light takes to cross an atom
What are significant figures?
Significant figures are digits that carry meaningful
contributions to its measurement resolution.

Source: https://getchemistryhelp.com/chemistry-lesson-significant-digits-measurements/

Known digits Estimated digit

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What are rules in significant figures?

3 sf
Rule 1.
All nonzero digits
are significant.
18.976 5 sf

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 What are rules in significant figures?

Rule 2. 3 sf
All trapped zeroes
are significant.

Trapped zeroes are the zeroes

between two nonzero digits.
90005 5 sf

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 What are rules in significant figures?

Rule 3. 2 sf
All leading zeroes
are not significant.

Leading zeroes are the zeroes before

the first nonzero digit.
0.001007 4 sf

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 What are rules in significant figures?

Rule 4.
All trailing zeroes in 3 sf
a number containing
a decimal point are
significant.
0.020400 5 sf
Trailing zeroes are the zeroes after the
last nonzero digit.
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What are rules in significant figures?

Rule 5. 213 sf
All trailing zeroes in
100 has either 1, 2, or 3 significant figures.
a number without
a decimal point
may or may not be 23050 45 sf
significant. 23050 has either 4 or 5 significant figures.

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 Scientific Notations
To prevent confusion in significant figures due to
trailing or leading zeroes, scientific notation is used.

Scientific notation is expressed in the form

where n is an integer, and .

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 Scientific Notations

0.00007603
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What are rules in significant figures?

Rule 6.
All digits in
scientific notations
are significant.

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Let’s have this activity…

HOW MANY SIGNIFICANT FIGURES?

Determine the number of significant figures in

each of the following numbers.

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1) 527 6) 1.032500
2) 0.0028 7) 21500
3) 0.0000405 8) 600.0
4) 698.3 9) 0.00900200
5) 81.00 10)
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Let’s have this activity…

FROM STANDARD TO SCIENTIFIC

Write the following numbers into scientific

notation.

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1) 98
2) 100500
3) 0.0003
4) 0.0000000000000316
5) 3439600000000000000000000

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Let’s have this activity…

FROM SCIENTIFIC TO STANDARD

Write the following numbers in scientific notation

into standard form.

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1) 0.0016
2) 599700
3) 6380000
4) 60221417900000000000000

5) 0.000000000008854187817

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Multiplier Ratio and Proportion

Moving decimal point

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What is the Physics way to convert units?

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 Math principles behind unit conversion…

1) If A = B, then either A/B = 1 or B/A = 1

(except if A is 0).

If , then either or .

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 Math principles behind unit conversion…

2) Multiplying or dividing one side of

the equation by 1 does not alter the
equation.

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EXAMPLE #1 Convert 979.0 meters to feet.

Given:

Conversion factor:

Solution:

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EXAMPLE #2 Convert 425 cubic centimeters to cubic meters.

Given:

Conversion factor:

Solution:

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EXAMPLE #3 Convert 2.5 m/s to km/hr.
Given:
Conversion factor:

Solution:

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Conversion of Units for Temperature

⁰C to ⁰F:

⁰F to ⁰C:

⁰C to K:
K to ⁰C:
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 The average body temperature is 37.0 ⁰C.
EXAMPLE #4
Convert this temperature in ⁰F and K.
Given:

Solution:

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 Convert 198 K to degrees Celsius and degrees
EXAMPLE #5
Fahrenheit.
Given:

Solution:

There is no shortcut from kelvin to degree Fahrenheit, and vice versa.

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Let’s have this activity…

PROBLEMS INVOLVING UNIT

CONVERSION

Solve the following problems. Show your solution.

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 Problem #1. Hottest Place on Earth

According to World Meteorological Organization

(WMO), the highest temperature ever recorded was
134.1 ⁰F in Furnace Creek, California. Express this
temperature in (a) degree Celsius (⁰C) and (b) kelvins
(K).

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 Problem #2. Distance Tour Guiding

You are a tour guide who will guide

the American tourists to Mayong
Payong. From Gaisano Capital, you
know that Mayong Payong is 7.4
kilometers away, but the tourists
cannot relate with units other than
miles and feet. Express this distance
in (a) miles and (b) feet. Source: https://steemit.com/dlive/@iwanderela/45d457c0-3fb3-11e8-9b3d-
0f0ee12e30d8

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 Problem #3. Gravity, Gravity!

It was known that the

acceleration due to gravity
on Earth is 9.80 m/s2 .
Express this in (a) ft/s2 and
(b) km/hr2.

Source: http://www.pas.rochester.edu/~blackman/ast104/newtongrav.html
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 Problem #4. Cooking Temperature

The minimum temperature

required for tenderizing
meat is 155 ⁰F. Express this
temperature in (a) degree
Celsius and (b) kelvins.

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