PHARMACARDS FOR EMERGENCY DRUGS

Generic Name Epinephrine or Adrenaline

Brand Name Adrenalin, Allerject, Anapen, Articadent, Astracaine, Auvi-Q, Citanest, Emerade, Epipen, Lignospan, Marcaine, Octocaine
Drug Classification Adrenergic or Sympathomimetics : mimic SNS neurotransmitters, in this case, catecholamine known as epinephrine
Non-selective adrenergic agonists: stimulate SNS, works on all major adrenergic receptors
Dosage, Route, 1, 000 mg = 1 g
Frequency The less concentrated, the more diluted
 For SC & IM injection: 0.1-0.5 mg or 1:10,000 (0.1 mg) solution (dose not to exceed 1 mg) may repeat q 10-15 min for anaphylactic shock
o injection to prepare a 1:10,000 solution; discard if not used within 24 hours
 IV - 0.1-0.25 mg q 5-15 min; may be followed by 1-4 mcg/min continuous infusion
o For IV route, dilute 1 mg (1ml) of 1;1000 solution in at least 10 ml of 0.9% NaCl
Mechanism of Works on Alpha 1&2, Beta 1 to 3 receptors
Action & its Alpha 1: smooth muscle contraction in blood vessels -> vasoconstriction
indication Beta 1: impacts heart =  inotropy (contraction), &  chronotropy (PR) | TIP: We have 1 heart, 2 lungs = Beta 1 for <3 while Beta 2 for lungs
Beta 2: smooth muscle relaxation in airways = bronchodilator
Contraindication Nebulization,
Side Effects Anxiety/Nervousness, Diaphoresis, Dizziness, Headache, N/V, Palpitations, Weakness, SOB, Tremors
Adverse Effects Tachycardia, HPN, arrythmias (VFib), stroke, cerebral & subarachnoid hemorrhage
Nursing  Give at onset of bronchospasm
Responsibilities  Tolerance may develop with prolonged/excessive use
 Do not administer if the solution is pinkish or brownish or contains a precipitate
 For anaphylactic shock, volume replacement should be administered concurrently with epinephrine
 Instruct patient to contact health care provider immediately if shortness of breath is not relieved by medication or is accompanied by chest pain,
dizziness, or diaphoresis
 For IV route, dilute 1 mg (1ml) of 1;1000 solution in at least 10 ml of 0.9% NaCl for injection to prepare a 1:10,000 solution; discard if not used
within 24 hours
 Administer each 1 mg of 10 ml of 1:10,000 solutions over at least 1 min, more rapid administration may be used during cardiac resuscitation;
follow each dose with 20 ml IV flush

Generic Name Dopamine

Brand Name Intropin
Drug Classification
Dosage, Route, Continuous infusion
Frequency
Mechanism of
Action
Indication
PHARMACARDS FOR EMERGENCY DRUGS
Contraindication pheochromocytoma
Side Effects
Adverse Effects
Nursing
Responsibilities

EMERGENCY CARDIAC DRUGS

Generic Name Aspirin
Brand Name Besprin, Bayer, Bufferin, Durlaza, Ecotrin, Novasen
Drug Classification NSAID, Anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, anti-platelet
Dosage, Route, Give at onset of chest pain
Frequency  Oral: 160 to 325 mg; chew tablet to speed absorption instead of swallowing whole
 Rectal (for N/V): 300 mg suppository
Mechanism of Decreases platelet aggregation
Action
Indication 1st line emergency drug for ACS & myocardial infarction
ACS:
 Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTMI)
 ST-elevation MI
 Unstable angina
Contraindication Platelet/bleeding disorders,
Side Effects
Adverse Effects
Nursing
Responsibilities

MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
PHARMACARDS FOR EMERGENCY DRUGS