MODUL CEMERLANG KIMIA SET 3

1 Mr. Amirul is a farmer who owned 5 acres of land in Cameron Highlands. Mr. Amirul found
that his crops do not grow well on his land. He went to the shop to get some fertilisers for his
plants. Shopkeeper suggested two types of fertilisers as shown in Diagram 1.1. Mr. Amirul
faced problem in choosing the suitable type of fertiliser.
En. Amirul ialah seorang petani yang memiliki tanah seluas 5 ekar Cameron Highlands. En.
Amirul mendapati bahawa hasil pertaniannya tidak subur. Dia pergi ke kedai untuk
mendapatkan baja untuk tanamannya. Pekedai mencadangkan baja seperti yang ditunjukkan
dalam Rajah 1.1. En. Amirul menghadapi masalah dalam memilih baja yang sesuai.

Fertiliser A: Sodium nitrate Fertiliser B: Ammonium nitrate

Baja A: Natrium nitrat Baja B: Ammonium nitrat

Diagram/ Rajah 1.1

a. In your opinion, which fertiliser is more suitable? Explain your answer by showing
calculation of percentage of nitrogen by mass.
[Relative atomic mass of Na, 23; N,14; O, 16; H, 1]
Pada pendapat anda, baja manakah yang lebih sesuai? Jelaskan jawapan anda dengan
menunjukkan pengiraan peratus nitrogen mengikut jisim.
[Jisim atom relatif Na, 23; N,14; O, 16; H, 1]

[4 marks/ markah]

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MODUL CEMERLANG KIMIA SET 3

b. Fertilisers in Diagram 1.1 can be prepared in the school laboratory using titration
method.
Diagram 1.2 shows the set-up of apparatus to prepare ammonium nitrate in the school
laboratory.
Baja dalam Rajah 1.1 boleh disediakan di makmal sekolah dengan menggunakan
kaedah pentitratan.
Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menyediakan ammonium nitrat di
makmal sekolah.

Diagram/ Rajah 1.2

i. On Diagram 1.2, label the chemicals needed to prepare ammonium nitrate.
Pada Rajah 1.2, label bahan kimia yang diperlukan untuk menyediakan ammonium
nitrate.
[2 marks/ markah]

ii. Name one indicator that can be used in the titration.

Namakan satu penunjuk yang boleh digunakan untuk pentitratan.
….......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark/ markah]

iii. Write chemical equation for the process in b(i).

Tulis persamaan kimia untuk process di b(i).

….......................................................................................................................................
[2 marks/ markah]

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MODUL CEMERLANG KIMIA SET 3

iv. Describe briefly how you would obtain dry ammonium nitrate from the mixture in the
conical flask.
Jelaskan dengan ringkas bagaimana anda dapat memperoleh ammonium nitrat kering
daripada campuran di dalam kelalang kon.

….......................................................................................................................................

….......................................................................................................................................

….......................................................................................................................................

….......................................................................................................................................
[4 marks/ markah]

2 Lead(II) nitrate is used as heat stabilizer in the production of nylon.

Plumbum(II) nitrat digunakan sebagai penstabil haba dalam penghasilan nilon.

Diagram 2.1 shows the steps of preparation of lead (II) nitrate in the school laboratory.
Ahmad added excess lead(II) oxide powder into 50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 nitric acid
according to the sequence A, B, C and D.
Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan langkah-langkah bagi penyediaan plumbum(II) nitrat di
makmal sekolah. Ahmad menambahkan serbuk plumbum(II) oksida berlebihan ke
dalam 50 cm3 asid nitrik 1.0 mol dm-3 mengikut urutan langkah A, B, C dan D.
a.

A B C D

i. State the name of substance Z.

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MODUL CEMERLANG KIMIA SET 3

Nyatakan nama bahan Z.

….......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark/ markah]

ii. Why did Ahmad carry out Step C?

Kenapa Ahmad melaksanakan langkah C ?

….......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark/ markah]

iii. Write a balanced chemical equation to show the formation of lead(II) nitrate.
Tulis satu persamaan kimia seimbang untuk menunjukkan pembentukan plumbum(II)
nitrat.

….......................................................................................................................................
[2 marks/ markah]
iv. Calculate the mass of lead(II) nitrate formed.
[Molar mass of lead(II) nitrate = 331gmol-1]
Hitung jisim bagi plumbum(II) nitrat yang terbentuk.
[Jisim molar plumbum(II) nitrat = 331gmol-1]

[3 marks/ markah]
v. In step D, what should Ahmad do to produce bigger pieces of lead(II) nitrate cystals.
Dalam langkah D, apakah yang perlu dilakukan oleh Ahmad untuk mendapatkan
hablur-hablur plumbum(II) nitrat yang besar.

….......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark/ markah]

b i. State the anion present in lead(II) nitrate.

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MODUL CEMERLANG KIMIA SET 3

Nyatakan anion yang hadir dalam plumbum(II) nitrat.

….......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark/ markah]

ii Describe briefly the chemical test for presence of anion in lead(II) nitrate.
Hurai secara ringkas ujian kimia untuk mengesahkan kehadiran anion dalam
plumbum(II) nitrat.

….......................................................................................................................................

….......................................................................................................................................

….......................................................................................................................................

….......................................................................................................................................
[4 marks/ markah]

c. Ahmad dissolved some lead(II) nitrate in distilled water and then added a few drops of
potassium iodide solution.
Ahmad telah melarutkan sedikit plumbum(II) nitrat dalam air suling dan kemudian
menambahkan beberapa titis larutan kalium iodida.
i. State the observation.
Nyatakan pemerhatian.

….......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark/ markah]

ii. Write an ionic equation that resulted the observation in c(i).

Tuliskan persamaan ion yang menghasilkan pemerhatian di c(i).

….......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark/ markah]
d.
pH is not an indication of fertility, but it does affect the availability of fertilizer
nutrients. The soil may contain adequate nutrients yet plant health may be limited by
an unfavorable pH level.
-Naples Daily News
pH bukan satu petunjuk untuk kesuburan, tetapi ia mempengaruhi ketersediaan
nutrient baja. Tanah mungkin mengandungi nutrien yang cukup, tetapi kesihatan
tumbuhan boleh terjejas akibat aras pH yang kurang sesuai.

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MODUL CEMERLANG KIMIA SET 3

-Naples Daily News

Diagram/ Rajah 2.2
Mr. John who is a farmer searched through the internet on how to save his unhealthy
cabbages. Diagram 2.2 shows the information that he read from one of the websites.
After he has tested the pH of his soil, he put some slaked lime into the soil.
En. John, seorang petani melayari internet untuk mendapatkan cara untuk
menyelamatkan tanaman kobisnya yang tidak subur. Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan maklumat
yang dia baca daripada satu laman sesawang. Selepas menguji nilai pH tanah, En.
John meletakkan kapur tohor ke dalam tanah.

i. Why did Mr. John put some slaked lime into the soil?
Mengapakah En. John meletakkan kapur tohor ke dalam tanah.

….......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark/ markah]

ii. As a chemistry student, suggest another method to Mr. John, other than using slaked
lime.
Sebagai seorang pelajar kimia, cadangkan satu cara yang lain kepada En. John,
selain daripada gunakan kapur tohor.

….......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark/ markah]

3 Diagram 3.1 shows a flow chart for the qualitative analysis of salt W. The green colour
salt W is heated strongly to produce black solid X and colourless gas Z.
Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan carta alir analisis kualitatif bagi garam W. Garam W yang
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MODUL CEMERLANG KIMIA SET 3

berwarna hijau dipanaskan dengan kuat menghasilkan pepejal X yang berwarna

hitam dan gas tidak berwarna Z.

Diagram/ Rajah 3.1

a. Based on Diagram 3.1,
Berdasarkan Rajah 3.1,
i. State the name of salt W and solid X.
Nyatakan nama bagi garam W dan pepejal X.
[2 marks/ markah]
ii. Draw a diagram to show a chemical test to identify gas Z.
lukiskan satu gambar rajah untuk menunjukkan ujian kimia gas Z.
[2 marks/ markah]
iii. What is the name of reaction in Process I?
Apakah nama tindak balas dalam Proses I?
[1 mark/ markah]
iv. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction in Process I.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia yang seimbang bagi tindak balas dalam Proses I.
[2 marks/ markah]
b. Based on the observation in Process II and Process III, state the cation and anion
present in solution Y.
Berdasarkan pemerhatian dalam Proses II dan Proses III, nyatakan kation dan anion
yang hadir dalam larutan Y.
[2 marks/ markah]

c. Write the ionic equation for the reaction occur in Process III.
Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas yang berlaku dalam Proses III.
[1 mark/ markah]
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MODUL CEMERLANG KIMIA SET 3

d.
 Magnesium sulfat solution
Larutan magnesium sulfat
 Hydrochloric acid
Asid hidroklorik cair
 Potassium carbonate solution
Larutan kalium karbonat

Chemicals above and all the apparatus needed are provided to you. Describe a
laboratory experiment about how you would produce dry magnesium chloride. Include
chemical equations involved in your description.
Bahan kimia di atas dan semua radas yang diperlukan dibekalkan kepada anda.
Huraikan satu eksperimen makmal bagaimana anda dapat menyediakan magnesium
klorida kering. Dalam huraian anda sertakan persamaan yang terlibat.
[10 marks/ markah]

4 a.

Diagram/ Rajah 4
Diagram 4 shows reactions involving solid S. When zinc nitrate is heated decomposes
to solid T, brown gas U and colourless gas W. Gas U relights glowing wooden splinter.
Rajah 4 menunjukkan tindak balas yang melibatkan pepejal putih S, zink nitrat. Bila
dipanaskan, pepejal S terurai kepada pepejal T, gas perang U dan gas tak berwarna
U. Gas W menyalakan semula kayu uji berbara.
i. Identify solid T, gas U and gas W.
Kenal pasti pepejal T, gas U dan gas W / markah
[3 marks/ markah]
ii. Write the chemical equation for the heating of zinc nitrate.

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MODUL CEMERLANG KIMIA SET 3

Tuliskan persamaan kimia untuk pemanasan pepejal zink nitrat.

[2 marks/ markah]

iii. State observation X and Y when sodium hydroxide solution and ammonia solution is
added in excess into colourless solution X respectively.
Nyatakan pemerhatian X dan Y apabila larutan natrium hidroksida dan larutan
ammonia ditambahkan secara berlebihan ke dalam larutan tidak berwarna X.
[4 marks/ markah]

b. Nurul has carried out an experiment to construct an ionic equation for the
formation of lead (II) iodide. Seven test tubes of the same size were labelled 1 to 7. A
fixed volume of 5.0 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 potassium iodide solution was poured in each
test tube. The volume of 1.0 mol dm-3 lead (II) nitrate solution that added is shown in
Table 4. The height of precipitate formed in each test tube was measured. The results
are shown in Table 4.
Nurul telah menjalankan eksperimen untuk membina persamaan ion bagi
pembentukan plumbum (II) iodida. Tujuh tabung uji yang sama saiz dilabelkan dengan
nombor 1 hingga 7. Isipadu tetap larutan kalium iodida 1.0 mol dm -3 sebanyak 5 cm3
dituangkan ke dalam setiap tabung uji. Isipadu larutan plumbum (II) nitrat 1.0moldm -3
ditambahkan ke dalam tabung uji seperti yang ditunjukkan di dalam Jadual 4. Tinggi
mendakan yang terbentuk dalam setiap tabung uji diukur. Keputusan eksperimen
ditunjukkan di dalam Jadual 4.

Test tube
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Tabung uji
Volume of 1.0moldm-3 lead(II) nitrate solution/ cm3 2.
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.5 3.0 3.5
Isipadu 1.0moldm-3 plumbum(II) nitrate/ cm3 0
Height of precipitate/ cm 4.
1.1 2.2 3.4 5.5 5.5 5.5
Tinggi mendakan/ cm 4
Table/ Jadual 4
i. Based on Table 4, plot a graph of the height of precipitate against volume of lead (II)
nitrate solution.
Berdasarkan Jadual 4, plotkan graf tinggi mendakan melawan isipadu larutan
plumbum(II) nitrat.
[3 marks/ markah]
ii. Determine the number of moles of lead (II) ions and iodide ions that are required for
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MODUL CEMERLANG KIMIA SET 3

the formation of lead (II) iodide. Your answer should consist of the following:
Tentukan bilangan mol bagi ion plumbum (II) dan ion iodida yang diperlukan bagi
pembentukan plumbum (II) iodida. Jawapan anda hendaklah mengandungi perkara
berikut :

 The volume of lead (II) nitrate solution that had reacted completely with
5.0cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 potassium iodide
Isipadu larutan plumbum(II) nitrat yang bertindak balas lengkap dengan
5.0cm3 1.0moldm-3 larutan kalium iodida.
 Calcúlate the number of moles of lead(II) ions and iodide ions
Kirakan bilangan mol plumbum(II) ion dan ion iodida
 Calculate the number of moles of iodide ions that has reacted with 1 mol of
lead(II) ions.
Kirakan bilangan mol ion iodida yang bertindak balas dengan 1 mol ion
plumbum(II)
 Write the ionic equation for the formation of lead(II) iodide.
Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi pembentukan plumbum(II) iodide.
[7 marks/ markah]

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