Sulimania polytechnic university

College of Engineering
Department of Petroleum and Energy
Third stage

Production Engineering I
1st lecture
Compiled By
Bafren K. Raoof
Senior Petroleum Engineer

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 Syllabus and teaching strategy
• Lecturer Bafrin kamil
• Office SPU - PEED
• Office Hours (on appointment )

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 Learning out come of the course
• Identify wellbore and completion equipment
• Address the basic steps of well completion
• Describe completion design in General
• Recognize special types of completion
• Evaluate stimulation methods
• Review completions testing methods
• An introduction to artificial lift methods

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 Sources
• Oil and gas production hand book by Håvard
Devold.
• Petroleum production Engineering by Elsvier.
• Well completion design by Barzan I.
Ahmed(Senior reservoir Engineer)

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Grading
Assessment type Marks Date

Midterm Exam 20 During the Semester

Quizzes 5 During the Semester

Activities and attendance 5 During the Semester

Report 5 During the Semester

Seminars 5 During the Semester

Assignment 10 During the Semester

Final exam Theoretical 50 15-31/Jan/2020

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Grading
Activity type Rep. Hr work load hr Note

Contact hr 14 4 56

Quizzes 4 1 4

Report 2 5 20

Seminars 1 0.5 10

Assignment 2 5 10

Midterm Exam 1 1.5 15

Final exam Theoretical 1 3 30

Total Workloads hours 150

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 HC production system

Completing a well” means installing equipment in the well to allow a safe and
controlled flow of petroleum from the well

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Well completion
Elements of completions include:
•casing
•cement
•perforating and sand or gravel packs
•production equipment: tubing, packers
•stimulation
•surface flow control - wellhead or Christmas
tree
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 Factors effecting well completion
Producing
well

Exploration
and Well Injection
evaluation type well
well

Special
operation well

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Factors effecting well completion/Well
type
The objective of well drilling is very important factor in
well completion design, may be the purpose from well
drilling is clear from beginning or changed with time (a
certain well completed as producing well then after
that convert to injection well or observation well
depend on the reservoir conditions).

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Factors effecting well completion/Well
type
1- Exploration and evaluation wells
This type of wells is drill for exploration and evaluation.
2- Production wells
The wells are drilled and completed for produce oil, gas and
sometime water produce.
3- Injection wells
The wells are drilled and completed for inject water or gas or
chemical material and sometimes petroleum products.
4- Measurement and observation wells
The wells are drilled and completed for observation the reservoir
(reservoir fluid behavior, reservoir pressure, etc...).
5- Special operation wells
The wells are drilled and completed for special operation such as
to kill the below out well.

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 Factors effecting well completion
Reservoir
considerations

Multiple
Production rate
production zone

Predication of
Work over
reservoir
frequency
behavior

Reservoir drive Secondary

mechanism Sand production recovery
control

Well Reservoir rock

stimulations type

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 Factors effecting well
completion/Reservoir considerations
1. Natural rock reservoir
The geological and experimental studies that conduct to
delineate the nature of rock reservoir (type of rock, including
fault, reservoir permeability, etc…) is important to select the
adequate completion design.
2. Producing rate
To provide maximum economic recovery is often the starting
point for well completion design. Among other factors producing
rate should determine the size of the producing conduit.

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 Factors effecting well
completion/Reservoir considerations
3. Multiple reservoirs
Multiple reservoirs penetrated by a well pose the problem of multiple completions in one
drilled hole. Possibilities include multiple completions inside casing separated by packers, or
several strings of smaller casing cemented in one borehole to provide in effect separate
wells.
4. Reservoir drive mechanism
Reservoir drive mechanism may determine whether or not the completion interval will have
to be adjusted as gas-oil or water-oil contacts move. A water drive situation may indicate
water production problems. Dissolved gas and gas drive reservoirs usually mean declining
productivity index and increasing gas-oil ratio.

5. Secondary recovery requirements

Secondary recovery needs may require a completion method conductive to selective
injection or production. Water flooding may increase volumes of fluid to be handled. High
temperature recovery processes may require special casing and casing cementing materials.

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 Multiple Reservoir

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 Factors effecting well
completion/Reservoir considerations
6. Stimulation
Stimulation may require special perforating patterns to permit zone
isolation, perhaps adaptability to high injection rates.

7. Sand control
Sand control problems alone may dictate the type of completion
method and maximum production rates. On the other hand, reservoir
fluid control problems may dictate that a less than desirable type of
sand control be used.

8. Artificial lift
Artificial lift may mean single completions even where multiple zones
exist.
9. Workover requirements
Workover frequencies, probably high where several reservoirs must be
drained through one wellbore, often dictate a completion conducive to
wireline or through-tubing type recompletion systems.
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 Factors effecting well completion
Mechanical
considerations

Functional
requirements Expectation of
operation
conditions

Safety
considerations

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 Factors effecting well
completion/Mechanical considerations
The mechanical configuration or "well hookup" is often the key
to being able to deplete the reservoir effectively, monitor
downhole performance, and modify the well situation when
necessary.
The mechanical configuration of the well is the key to being able
to do what ought to be done in the well from the standpoint of
controlling the flow of reservoir fluids, oil, gas, and water.
• Functional requirements
• Operating conditions
• Safety

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