Airline Cabin Crew Training

INTRODUCTION TO THE
AIRLINE INDUSTRY
MODULE LEARNING OBJECTIVES
● Describe the milestones in the development of the airline industry and how they
impacted the role of the cabin crew.
● Explain the role of the international and national air transportations regulatory
organizations and how they affect the duties of the cabin crew
● Describe how cabin crew interact with various airline departments to ensure the
delivery of best traveling experience.

OVERVIEW OF THE AIRLINE INDUSTRY

MILESTONES IN AIRCRAFT MANUFACTURING

1900 Wright Brothers ➔ The first to develop an airplane.

Dayton, Ohio USA,
➔ With the development of a propulsion
system, they made history on December
17, 1903.
➔ Made four brief flights at Kitty Hawk with
their first powered aircraft.

1914 ST. PETERSBURG ➔ The world’s first recorded scheduled airline

AIRBOAT LINE service was launched, flying a seaplane
from St. Petersburg to Tampa.
➔ The trip took only 23 minutes by plane, but
11 hours by train.

WORLD WAR I ➔ More powerful engines were developed

BOMBER PLANES during the war.
➔ With the end of war many military airplanes
were refurbished for civil use.

1918 AIRMAIL ➔ Airplanes were used to carry mail as soon

SERVICE as they became reliable means of
transportation
➔ The United States Postal Service initiated
a route between Washington, D.C. and
New York City.

1927 FIRST ➔ This flight from New York to Paris showed

MAY 20th TRANSATLANTIC the world that long non-stop flights were
NON-STOP FLIGHT possible and resulted massive investment
into building a global airline industry
1933 BOEING 247 ➔ First twin-engine aircraft able to fly on
LONG RANGE AIRPLANE one engine
➔ Thermostatically-controlled
➔ Air conditioned
➔ Sound-proof cabin
➔ Could carry only ten passengers

1936 DC-3 ➔ Designed with a galley to enable hot

DOUGLAS meals served to passenger
CORPORATION ➔ Has one significant limitation – altitudes
higher than 3,800m (12,467 feet) above
sea level causes serious psychological
problems.

1940 BOEING 307 ➔ First commercial transport with

STRATOLINER pressurized cabin
➔ Had capacity for a 5 crew and 33
passenger
➔ It could cruise at an altitude of 6,000m
(19,685ft)

1949 “DE HAVILLAND” Comet ➔ Company built first passenger jet

UK-BASED aircraft, which entered service in 1952
➔ Allowed high and fast transatlantic travel
but the fleet was grounded following
many accidents

1955 TU-104 ➔ It became the first successful jet airliner

TUPOLEV and the only one in service between
1956 and 1958.

1958 BOEING 707 ➔ More passengers travelled by air across

JET LINERS the Atlantic ocean than by ship
➔ had a capacity of 140 – 189 passengers

1970 BOEING 747 ➔ Four engine aircraft uses a double deck

“Queen of the Skies” configuration for part of its length
➔ Aircraft still in service and is operated by
many airlines around the world
1976 CONCORDE ➔ Supersonic aircraft
FRENCH AEROSPATIALE ➔ 27 years in service until retired following
& BRITISH AIRCRAFT a fatal accident after take off in Paris
CORPORATION

2007 A380 ➔ World’s largest commercial aircraft

AIRBUS flying today
➔ Lowest fuel burn per seat
➔ Quietest long-haul

BOEING 787 ➔ Holds the world record for the longest

DREAMLINER flight
➔ uses 20 percent less fuel than similarly
sized airplanes, thus it is very fuel
efficient, resulting in exceptional
environmental performance.

2008 BOEING 747-8 ➔ Has 467 seats in a three – class

INTERCONTINENTAL configuration
➔ Its newest engines allow 30 % smaller
noise footprint 15% reduction in-service
carbon emission

2018 A350 FAMILY ➔ 74 meters from nose-to-tail

The newest generation of ➔ the longest-fuselage version of Airbus’
Aircraft family of twin-aisle, wide-body jetliners
➔ With spacious and quiet cabin, wider
seats and ambient lighting that
minimizes the effects of jetlag

B777X FAMILY ➔ will be the world’s largest and most

The newest generation of efficient twin-engine jet, unmatched in
Aircraft every aspect of performance.
➔ With a spacious, wide cabin, new
custom architecture and innovations
from the 787 Dreamliner
➔ Boeing announces that “the 777X will
deliver the flight experience of the
future”
From 2019 onwards, airlines need to monitor their CO2 emissions for international flights. To
stabilize the CO2 emissions, with a growing air traffic passenger demand (between 5 and
8% since 2010), the aviation industry relies on a four-pillar strategy:

Technology improvements such as engine performance or biofuels Operational

improvements such as fuel efficiency monitoring Infrastructure improvements such as more
efficient airport infrastructures Market-based scheme (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction
Scheme for International Aviation, or CORSIA)

THE EVOLUTION OF THE AIRLINE INDUSTRY AS A GLOBAL INDUSTRY

1909 DEUTSCHE ➔ Used airships to provide sightseeing

LUFTSCHIFFAHRTS tours.
AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT ➔ Later offered scheduled services from
GERMAN AIRSHIP TRAVEL Berlin to Southern Germany
CORPORATION

1952 CLASS OF TRAVEL ➔ Until 1952 airlines were only offering

First Class travel.
➔ Fares became 20-25 % cheaper with
the introduction of Tourist or Coach
Class
➔ Airlines launched a new class of
service – Economy Class.
➔ Fares for this class were about 20%
lower than the Tourist Class.

Diversification of Services
➔ Passenger’s Needs
➔ Free high speed wireless internet
➔ Portable tablets on board
➔ Seamless travel experience
THE EVOLUTION OF CABIN CREW
Heinrich Kubis March 1912
German Airship Transportation Corporation Ltd
➔ World’s first recorded cabin crew
➔ Worked alone on board the early airships but he was joined by assistants and cooks
as they grew bigger.
➔ He survived the disaster on 6th May 1937 when Hidenburg burst into flames as it
attempted to land after three day flight from Frankfurt

Cabin Boys April 2 1922

Daimler Airway – British Airways
➔ Their duties include checking passengers in, weighing and loading mail and luggage
➔ Offers general comfort and reassurance
➔ Small lunch service was introduced in late 1920s

Ellen Church 1930

Boeing Air Transport – United Airlines
➔ First stewardess
➔ A registered nurse who took flying units
➔ Hiring nurses because of air Sickness

Steve Stimpson
Boeing Air Transport
➔ Decided to create a “stewardess” position for registered nurses.

The Original Eight

Boeing Air Transport
➔ Ellen Church and seven additional nurses were hired to represent the airline.

Nelly Diener 1934

Swissair
➔ First air hostess hired by European carrier – Swiss Air

The role became a female dominated one and cabin crew were employed on strict physical
criteria. A New York Times article in April 12, 1936 stated the requirements as follows:
➔ Height : 5’ – 5’4”
➔ Weight : 100 – 118 lbs.
➔ Age : 20 – 26 years old
➔ Rigid physical examination 4 times a year
➔ Perfect health
PRIMARY RESPONSIBILITY OF CABIN CREW
➔ Maintaining safe conditions in the airplane cabin
➔ Teaching passengers safety procedures
➔ Assisting passengers during emergency situations
➔ Only secondarily, cabin crew serve food and beverages and dispense items for
comfort and entertainment such as pillows, magazines and headsets.

DIFFERENT TYPES OF AIRLINE

SCHEDULED AIRLINES
➔ Operate flights to a published timetable
➔ Open to direct booking from public
➔ Working as a cabin crew for a scheduled airline can be more predictable depending
on the routes flown.
➔ Bilateral Agreement
◆ Specify that only certain locally registered airlines can operate the services
from one country to another
◆ Governments were forced to start their own airlines
◆ These airlines have become as the national flag carriers as they were owned,
all or in part, by the government

CHARTER AIRLINES
➔ Airline that provides flights to holiday companies to their holiday destinations
➔ Working as a cabin crew has advantages and disadvantages. Crew may be waiting
on standby or reserve for long periods and then called at short notice.
➔ Work can be seasonal.

NEW MODEL AIRLINES (LOW-COST AIRLINES)

➔ Offer reduced fares
➔ Customers choose to pay additional fees for services and items
➔ Working as a cabin crew can be varied. Generate additional revenues by selling
products onboard

CORPORATE AND PRIVATE JET AIRLINES

➔ Flights are not available in public
➔ Owners are businesses and wealthy individuals for their use
➔ Different skills are required if you want to work as a cabin crew
➔ Private jets also often operated with one cabin crew member
Different Types of Flights
Non-Revenue flights are flights which are conducted for non-revenue purposes, such as:
➔ Training flights
◆ are the flights that are conducted for training purposes

➔ Test flights
◆ are flights that are made for observing the performance characteristics of a
new aircraft.

➔ Delivery flights
◆ are the flights which commence for delivery purposes either for accepting a
new aircraft or returning back an existing one.

➔ Ferry flights
◆ are flights without passengers on board.

➔ Demonstration flights
◆ requested from Civil Aviation Authorities to test the operator’s repeated ability
to conduct line operations in compliance with regulations and safe operating
practices.

➔ Positioning flights
◆ are flights conducted due to operational reasons.