Ahmer cadet Public School Taunsa

5th mathematics Lesson plan

Chapter# 04: Decimals and Percentage

Day # 01

Decimal number: The number with decimal point is called decimal number.
Decimal: ‘Decimal’ really meaning “based on 10”.
Decimal point: A point (small dot) used to separate the whole number part from the fractional part of a number.
Decimal fraction is a fraction whose denominator is number such as 10, 100, 1000 (Power of ten) etc. For
example 2.3, 13.76. let us recall 1 to 4.
Decimal place (dp): The place right to the decimal point. For example 2.13, 1 is at first decimal place and 3 is
at second decimal place. let us recall 5. Exercise 4a Q#2(c, e), Q#3(c)
If after decimal points the decimal places are same then this is called like decimal number and if after decimal
points the decimal places are not same (or different) then this is like decimal number,
let us recall 6 to 9. Exercise 4a Q#2(b, d)
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Day# 02
Addition and subtraction of decimal numbers.
Addition: First we define simple addition: 235+126=361
Next, we define decimal addition 9.803+15.434=25.237 (P# 67, 68 Examples) (Exercise 4a, Q#1(a, c, e),
Q#2(a), Q#3(a, d), Q#4(b, d, e, f)) and (Word problems (1, 2, 4)).
Subtraction: First we define simple subtraction: 135−98=27
Next, we define decimal subtraction Rs 56.19−Rs 23.48=Rs 32.71 (P# 67, 68 Examples) (Exercise 4a,
Q#1(b,d), Q#3(b, e), Q#4(a, c, g, h)) and (Word problems 3).
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Day# 03
Multiplication of decimals
Simple multiplication: 317 ×17=4121 , 37 ×10=370
Multiplying a decimal by 10, 100, and 1000.
When we multiply a decimal number by 10: Move one column to the LEFT. 3.7 ×10=37.
When we multiply a decimal number by 100: Move two columns to the LEFT. 3.7 ×100=370.
When we multiply a decimal number by 1000: Move three columns to the LEFT. 3.7 ×1000=3700.
Exercise 4b (Q#6)
Multiplying a decimal with a whole number.
when a decimal number is multiplied by a whole number, the placement of the decimal point is to be considered
carefully. The number of decimal places in the product depends on the number of decimal places in the
multiplicand.
 If the multiplicand has 1 decimal place, then the product should also have 1 decimal place.
 Count the number of digits after the decimal point in the multiplicand.
 Place the decimal point after the same number of digits count from left to right in the product.
Examples (P# 71, 72), Exercise 4b Q# 4
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 Day# 04
Multiplication of decimals
Multiplying a decimal with tenths and hundredths
Method-1
Step-1: Proceed to multiply the numbers as whole numbers without considering the decimal points.
Step-2: Count the total decimal places in the multiplicand and multiplier.
Step-3: Place the decimal point accordingly in the product, counting from the right.
Examples (P# 72, 73), Exercise 4b (Q# 9)
Method-2
Step-1: Change the decimal fraction into a common fraction.
Step-2: Multiply the numerators and the denominators.
Step-3: Convert the fraction to a decimal number, by placing the decimal point depending on the numbers of
zeros in the denominator.
Examples (P# 73, 74), Exercise 4b (Q# 10)
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Day# 05
Division of decimals
Simple division 345 ÷ 15
Divide decimals by 10, 100, and 1000.
the number 48000
When divide by 10, it will move one column to right and lose one of it’s zeros, become 4800.
When divide by 100, it will move two columns to right and lose two of it’s zeros, become 480.
When divide by 1000, it will move three column to right and lose three of it’s zeros, become 48.
Examples (P# 75).
Divide decimals by a whole number.
Examples (P# 75).
Divide decimals by a decimal.
By converting decimal to fractions
Change the decimal fraction into common fraction.
Example (P# 76)
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Day# 06
Dividing a decimal by a decimal
By using division
Method-1
1) If the divisor is a decimal number, then convert into a whole number by multiplying it by 10 or
10p depending on the decimal places.
2) Multiply the divided by some number.
3) Divide as usual.
4) Put the decimal point before bringing down the digit after the decimal point.
Examples P# 77 Exercise 4b Q# 11
Method-2
We can also divide by changing both the divisor and the divided into whole numbers.
Example P#77 Exercise 4b Q# 9, 11
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 Day# 07
Using division to change fraction into decimals
Example P# 77, Exercise 4b Q# 1 to 12.
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Day# 08
Test
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Day# 09
Simplification of decimals involving brackets
First revise simple brackets
Examples P# 78 Exercise 4b Q# 14
Rounding off decimals
Round off meaning making an estimate but maintaining its value close to original figure. We can round to the
nearest 10 or 100. Less than 5 then round it down, Equal or greater than 5 then round it up.
Examples P# 78, 79 Exercise 4b Q# 15
Steps for rounding off a decimal number
Step-1: Decide which is the last digit to keep, that is if we are rounding off to the nearest tenth, we will keep
the tenth digit.
Step-2: Leave this digit if the next digit is less than 5. This is called rounding down. 4.123 to 4.12
Step-3: If the next digit is greater than 5 or equal to 5, the digit we keeping will increase by 1 and all the digits
after it will be dropped. This is called rounding up. 8.56 to 8.6.
Examples P# 80, Exercise 4b Q# 16
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Day# 10
Estimation
Estimation means to find an answer that is close to the exact answer but is not necessarily exact.
If the number being rounded is less than 5, we round down.
If the number being rounded is 5 or grater than 5, we round up.
The estimation must be reasonable. The estimated value must be close to exact answer.
Examples P# 81, Exercise 4b Q# 17.
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Day# 11
Word problems
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Day# 12
Test
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Day# 13
Percentage
Basic squared colors from figures A B C D E on P# 84, 85
The word percentage is based on Latin word ‘centrum'. It is special kind of fraction. It always has 100 as a
denominator. % is a symbol used for percentage which means ‘ per cent' or ‘upon 100.’
Exercise 4c Q#1 to 3
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Day# 14
Convert percentage to fraction and fraction to percentage
Percentage can easily be changed into fraction. We know that percentage is a special kind of fraction with 100
as denominator.
Examples P# 86, 87 Exercise 4c Q# 4, 5
Convert percentage to decimal and decimal to percentage
Examples P# 87, 88 Exercise 4c Q# 6, 7
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Day# 15
Exercise 4c

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Day# 16
Word problems
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Day# 17
Test