IDU跨學科單元—古代體育，現代操作企劃書

IDU Learning Program - Ancient Sport

組別：第 五 組
Group 5

班級：10A
Class: 10A
組長：蔣宗唐
Group Leader: Ethan Chiang
副組長：周鈺耕
Vice group Leader: Steven Chou
助理(秘書): 倉紹基
Assistant: Ricky Tsang
組員: 郭珏汝，黃思瑋，王梓
Members: Jenny Kuo, Christie Huang, Peter Wang
—--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

活動名稱：捶丸
Name of the sport: Chui-wan

活動來歷與演進過程：
捶丸，一種古代的球類運動。來源於唐代的步打球，與現代的曲棍球十分相似。而在宋代，步
打球由原本需要互相進行激烈搶奪的對抗性運動逐漸轉變為相對於靜態的非對抗性運動，並取消
了球門，改用球穴，名字也更改成了捶丸。
捶丸最早紀載於元世祖至元十九年，署名為寧志齋的人所編寫專門解說與論述捶丸的著作
《丸經》。裡面記載了從宋徽宗至金章宗皆愛捶丸，由此可知捶丸的最早起源可以追朔至北宋徽宗
宣和七年。當時，上至皇帝大臣，下至平民百姓，人人皆愛捶丸。儼然已成為宋、元朝的國民運動。
時至今日，捶丸的熱度早已不如從前。因為場地的限制導致捶丸在明朝逐漸走向下坡，再加上
來自西方的運動逐漸興起，足球和其他運動逐漸取代捶丸的地位。
The history and evolution of Chui-wan:
The earliest records of Chui-wan was found in《丸經》. The book was written by 寧志齋 to
document and evaluate Chui-wan. It recorded the passion of various kings in this sport,
covering 宋徽宗, 金章宗, and the kings in between them. Thus, the rise of Chui-wan was
determined to be during the seven years of Xuanhe. During this period of time, Chui-wan was
popular, becoming the national sport of the kingdoms.

At the present time, the popularity of Chui-wan decreased, due to the difficulty of finding
suitable courts.
文本出處：
《莊子》是在戰國時代中出版的，在書中提到：
昔者楚莊王偃兵宋都，得市南勇士熊宜僚者，工於丸，士眾稱之，以當五百人。乘以劍而不動，捶九
丸於手，一軍停戰而觀之。莊王免於敵而霸。降世尚習。

在東漢時期的《說文解字》中也有講到：
「捶以杖擊也「；所謂「杖」是指「持也從木」；所謂「丸」是指：「圓傾側而轉者」
《丸經》：
「至宋徽宗、金章宗，皆愛捶丸。」
References:
Chui-wan can be found in 《莊子》, a book written during the Warring States Period. It was also
recorded in 《說文解字》, published during the Eastern Han Dynasty.
器材需求：
● 球(看遊玩人數給球)
● 球桿
○ 提供四種不同類型球桿
● 障礙物
○ 角錐
○ 箱子
○ 拋台(可做出地形差異)
● 球門
○ 以槌球球門代替
● 球基
○ 以膠帶貼出
Equipment:
● Ball ( The number equivalent to the number of people, about 65-68mm diameter )
● Mallets ( The number equivalent to the number of people )
● Obstacles:
○ Slope 1
○ Box 3
○ Cones 3
● Wickets used in croquet 1
● Tape (Length: 30 cm)

設計理念：
捶丸作為一種古代的娛樂用途運動，繼安史之亂後，社會動亂使佛、道教興起。韓愈為了恢復儒家
思想的正統地位，發起了古文運動。捶丸正是當時記載在其中一項古文中的運動，在許多有名的書
籍或者是古畫中都可以看見，可見其豐富的歷史文化。因此我們想要把這歷史悠久的運動改編再
重現，讓更多人認識到它。我們希望可以創新符合現今大眾口味的國民運動。讓不論男女老少都能
獲得遊玩運動的樂趣，並同時具有一定的競技性，也不忘宣傳捶丸的歷史重要性。捶丸在古時通常
會在戶外且平坦的地方進行，但為了讓他更加普及化，我們將它改變成可以在室外以及室內進行
的活動， 訓練人們手，眼，腳的協調性，與控制肌肉時所使用的力道，進而訓練到身體的核心肌群
，二頭肌，臀肌等肌肉。而規則我們會在不改變原則的情況下，最大限度的改變規則，以便讓社會
大眾也可以更接近當時的遊玩的情境，考慮到有些地方可能並沒有一定得地形變化，我們另外加
了一些障礙物進去像是角椎、拋台等等，讓民眾可以自由安排關卡難易度。相較於古時候挖洞當作
球門，我們加裝了一個可以自由攜帶的球門，讓民眾可以更方便攜帶，也比較不會破壞環境。

Conceptual Design:
Sports became more common after the Anshi Rebellion, due to the rise of Taoism and
Buddhism. To regain the standing of Confucianism in the society, believers created Confucius
sports to spread their ideology, including Chui-wan. Chui-wan, having an important status in
history, appears in a number of books and paintings. Hence, we want to recreate Chui-wan to
bring it back to society. The new Chui-wan is a type of competitive sport, designed to be played
by different age groups. In addition, it can acknowledge more people about the importance of
Chui-wan. Furthermore, the sport can be held both indoors and outdoor. Moreover, the sport
will improve players’ coordination and muscle control. The recreated version will include
obstacles, providing a method to modify the difficulty. Also, using wickets instead of holes will
reduce the impact on the environment while reducing the difficulty of carrying equipment.

運動方式與規則：
● 運動方式
賽前準備:
1.玩家
玩家須充分熱身，著運動服裝
2.場地
設置障礙物(角錐) 和終點，在離終點3公尺的地方用膠帶做記號，記為終點發球位置

決定順序:
1. 定基: 決定發球位置，利用膠帶貼一個定點決定發球的區域
2. 置序: 在發球位置拋球，由距離遠近決定順序，遠者先，近者後
3. 開始比賽:
準備姿勢:
雙腳與肩同寬並對齊，兩手放在大腿前，肩膀微微向前傾

比賽流程:
1. 賽前準備
2. 當裁判宣布開始前(選手準備好時)
a. 以準備姿勢就位
b. 球竿和球在以膠帶貼做的定點以膠帶貼做的定點就位
3. 裁判宣布開始並讓計時開始
a. 選手可以拿好器材
b. 開始小跑步照著規定路線開始比賽
4. 當選手到達到最後一部份時(可以看到地板上有膠帶貼的地方)
a. 定點打球
 b. 當球超過球門時時間立即停止
5. 重新整理場地
a. 復原一些場地(例如扶起倒了的角錐)
6. 換下一個選手比賽就位

帶球跑步姿勢:
● 腳步先與肩同寬
● 球桿以慣用手握住另一手為輔助(慣用手為上)
● 輕輕帶著球往前小跑步

擊球時:
1. 起桿: 先利用肩膀的力量把球桿向後抬起來，注意不是用手的力量
2. 上桿: 當球桿到達最高點時，準備擊球，同時左肩與左腳向右側轉動，此時要注意球桿頂點
，左肩、左膝、左腳要呈一直線
3. 下桿: 先將重心從右腳轉移至左腳再揮桿，同時，腰平行向左移動，利用身體的力量帶動球
桿
(1)蹲下
(2)左手握在桿子的上端，右手握在桿子中間
(3)起桿:利用腰的力量把球桿帶向右後
(4)揮桿:利用腰的力量把球桿帶向左，擊球

● 規則
- 不可用任何球竿以外的東西觸碰自己或他人的球否則將回到球基
- 只能從球門的某一面得分，如果從另一面進球門則判為失格
- 不可組隊
- 不可觸碰他人的球
- 不可用聲音、肢體等等的方式影響擊球者
- 不可移動球基位置
- 球不可離開地面(除了使用拋台之外)
- 依照規定路線進行，若走錯路線，將從球基開始且時間不暫停
- 時間最短即獲勝
- 時間相同便以最後的部分決勝負，以桿數最少者勝
- 最後定點打球起點與球門距離2公尺

Sport Techniques and Rules

Techniques:
Preparation:
1. Player
a. Players need to fully warm up and wear sportswear
2. Venue
 a. Set up all the obstacles(Cones) and the finish line, measure 3 meters from the finish
line as the starting point.
Order:
1.Decide where to start, mark an area at where you're starting.
2.Throw the ball as hard as you can, whoever throws their ball the farthest gets to start
first.
Ready position:
Feet shoulder width apart, place both hands in front of your leg, tilt your shoulder slightly
forward.
Competition process:
1. Competition preprartion
2. Before the referee announces start (when players are ready)
a. Be in ready position
b. Ball and mullet should be in place
3. Referee announced to start and start timing
a. Players prepare all the equipment that are need
b. Start with a trot and the race according to the route that ruled
4. When a player arrives at the finish(The Finish will be marked by tape)
a. Hit the ball while standing in place
b. The timer stops when the ball goes through the goal
5. Rearrange the court
a. Pick up obstacles knocked over and put them back in place.
6. The next player should be ready for their turn.
Position when players running with the ball:
● Steps should be shoulder-width apart
● The mallets hold by dominant hand and the other hand assisted (dominant hand is upper)
● Jog forward with the ball
When Striking:
1. First pole: Used the strength of your shoulder to raise the pole to your back,
Becarefully to not only use the power of both hands.
2. Up pole: Prepare for the hit when your pole reached the top, turn both your left
shoulder and feeto to the right. The top of your pole, left shoulder, left knee and left
feet are in one line.
3. Down pole: Swing your pole after moving your center of gravity from right feet to
left feet. And move your waist horizontally to the left, bring down the pole with the
power of yo=-ur body.

(1) Crouch down

(2) left hand on the top of the pole, right hand in the middle.
(3) Start pole: Bring the pole to your right back
(4) Strike: Used the power of your waist to bring the pole to your left side and strike.

Rules:
 - Can not use things that is not mallets or player’s mallet to touch your or others people
ball, or the ball will get back to teeing area
- Only the front side of the croquet count as a point
- Can not team up with others
- Can not touch other person’s ball
- Can not affect others with sounds, bodies
- Can not move the places of the teeing area
- The ball can not leave the ground(without in the last part)
- Player must follow the route that rule if player go wrong, player must go back to teeing
area and start again(the time won’t be reduce)
- Player with shortest time win
- If player have same time, player need to replay part two (player with last handicap
win)
- Teeing area in the last keep 2m distance from croquet
安全考量
- 在使用球桿時小心不要打到別人或自己
- 在揮桿時須注意後方或前方沒有人
- 在打球時須注意有沒有人在場地中
- 在運動中如有不適須立即前往陰涼處休息並補充適量的水
- 在打球時需穿著合適的運動服裝
- 在打球時需做好暖身運動以免抽筋
- 不要在旁人揮桿時從對方前後方走過
- 當別人在球基揮桿時不要接近球基
- 在球場上不要用球桿嘻笑打鬧以免受傷

Safety Consideration:
- Be careful when using the mallet, please don’t accidentally hit others or yourself.
- When swinging the mallet, make sure no one is within the distance of danger.
- When playing, make sure no one is in the field.
- When sporting, be sure to drink enough water and rest periodically.
- Wear appropriate clothing when sporting.
- Warm up before playing
- Don’t walk in front of the person swinging the mallet.
- Don't be around the person swinging the mallet.
- Please don’t misuse the mallet.

備註：
專業術語說明:
1. 跑球 (用球桿帶著球跑架)
2. 打擊區(定點打擊的地方)
3. 前方注意(當有球飛往觀眾或是選手時的警告用語)
4. 球基(開球的地方)
5. 更場 (更換/清理場地)
6. 桿數(揮桿的次數)
Notes:
Terminology Explanation:
1. Run-With-Ball (The action which the players will bring the ball along with them to
the striking area)
2. Striking area ( The area where the player is allowed to strike the ball)
3. Fore ( A warning when the ball is flying towards the players or the spectators )
4. Teeing area(The area where the player start )
5. Reset ( Cleaning and resetting the court )
6. Handicap (the number of player's swing)

參考網站:
Website:
- https://ctext.org/wiki.pl?if=gb&chapter=502296
- https://www.epochtimes.com.tw/n161513/%E6%8D%B6%E4%B8%B8%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3%E9
%AB%98%E7%88%BE%E5%A4%AB.html
- https://sportspedia.perdc.ntnu.edu.tw/search.php?keyword=%E3%80%8A%E4%B8%B8%E7%B6%93%E3%80%8B&choose_ty
pe=fulltext&a=48
- https://www.easyatm.com.tw/wiki/%E6%8D%B6%E4%B8%B8
- https://ppfocus.com/0/hi061c70b.html
- 《莊子》
- 《說文解字》
- https://kknews.cc/zh-tw/history/rxkqx84.html