WEEK 4-6

What Makes Distinctive?

Analyzing the Environment of Public
Organizations
The Impact of Political Power and Public
Policy

Members:
 Rica Galvez
 Arvie Francisco
 Francis Jewel Inocencio
 Misti Javier
 Rose Ann Bernardo
 Sheilla Fabul

PUBLIC ORGANIZATION
 Public sector organizations are owned,
controlled and managed by the government
or other state-run bodies.
  The public sector, also known as the
state sector, is the part of the business world
that is focused on goods and services that
are intended to benefit the general public
and society at large.
 Public organizations and companies are
owned and operated by the government, as
well as being funded through the
government in the form of taxes.
Organizations in the public sector are
focused primarily on infrastructure and
essential services for society, like education,
electricity, defense, agriculture, transport,
and healthcare.

PRIVATE ORGANIZATION
 Private sector organizations are owned,
controlled and managed by individuals,
groups or business entities.
 A private organization is any
partnership, corporation, person, or agency
that is not operated by a profit or a public
body. It includes all businesses that are for-
profit that are not government owned or
operated.
 A private organization can be a non-
federal body that is self-sustaining and
established on federal property by people
that are not acting in a federal government
capacity.
 A company or corporation that is run by
the government are run in the public sector.
Charities and other forms of nonprofits are
working within the voluntary sector. For
instance, a private organization can function
on an Army installation as long as it has
written permission of the installation
commander. POs are not considered a
federal entity and are not to be used in that
way.
ORGANIZATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
The organizational environment is the set of
forces surrounding an organization. These
forces may hamper or facilitate the
organization’s access to resources, which means
they can both offer opportunities and pose
threats. Moreover, while these resources are
valuable for the organization.

IMPORTANCE OF KNOWING
ORGANIZATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
An organization's environment is a major
consideration in strategic assessment. The
environment is the source of resources that the
organization needs. It provides opportunities
and threats, and it influences the various
strategic decisions that executives must make.
THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF
ORGANIZATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
 Internal environment or
Microenvironment
 An organization's internal environment
consists of the entities, conditions, events,
and factors within the organization that
influence choices and activities. It exposes
the strengths and weaknesses found within
the organization.

External environment / Macro

Environment
An organization's external environment
consists of the entities, conditions, events, and
factors surrounding the organization that
influence choices and activities and determine
its opportunities and threats. It is also called an
operating environment. Examples of factors
affecting an organization's external environment
include customers, public opinion, economic
conditions, government regulations, and
competition.

ENVIRONMENT DOMAIN
is defined as all elements that exist outside
the boundary of the organization and have the
potential to affect all or part of the organization.

IMPACT OF POLITICAL POWER

AND PUBLIC POLICY
 A PUBLIC POLICY IS ANY
DECISION AND ACTION BY A
GOVERNMENTAL AUTHORITY THAT
RESULTS IN THE ALLOCATION OF
SOMETHING THAT IS VALUED
 PUBLIC POLICY IS AFFECTED BY
THE POLITICAL SYSTEM'S
APPROACH TO RE PUBLICA.
 A popular way of understanding and
engaging in public policy is through a series
of stages known as "the policy cycle". The
characterization of particular stages can
vary, but a basic sequence is: agenda setting
– formulation – legitimation –
implementation – evaluation. Officials
considered as policymakers bear
responsibility to reflect the interests of a
host of different stakeholders. Policy design
entails conscious and deliberate effort to
define policy aims and map them
instrumentally. Academics and other experts
in policy studies have developed a range of
tools and approaches to help in this task.
The Government holds a legal monopoly to
initiate or threaten physical force to achieve
its ends when necessary. For instance, in
times of chaos when quick decision making
is needed
POLITICAL POWER
 IN SOCIAL SCIENCE AND
POLITICS, POWER IS THE ABILITY TO
INFLUENCE OR CONTROL THE
BEHAVIOER OF PEOPLE. THE TERM
AUTHORITY IS OFTEN USED FOR THE
POWER PERCEIVED AS LEGITIMATE
BY THE SOCIAL STRUCTURE.

 Power is one of the most important but

least clear concepts in political science. The
concept of power encompasses a vast range
of behaviors, including the ability to get
what you want despite the resistance of
others, the possession of authority based on
consent, and the inability to exercise
autonomy when subject to ‘structural’
power. Power may be: exercised visibly or
hidden from view; used for collective ends
or at the expense of others; concentrated or
diffuse; and, used for legitimate or insidious
purposes. It may be associated with visible
reputations that affect the actions of others,
or more subtle inequalities with less obvious
effects. In some discussions, power may
encompass or be treated as synonymous
with terms such as influence, authority and
force; in others it may be differentiated from
them. Power has a wide variety of
meanings, including the capacity for action:
the ability to get what you want, affect the
behavior of others, and alter the decision-
making environment. In turn, this ability can
be related to inequalities, or the relative
powers of individuals, social groupings and
institutions. It also refers to the exercise of
power which, in some cases, is visible and
measurable. This focus on measurement
underpins key debates in the literature,
including the community power debate.
POLITICAL
ENVIRONMENT/FACTOR
 Political factors influence organizations
in many ways, such that it creates
advantages and opportunities for
organizations. By contrast, they can put
obligations and duties on organizations.

SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT/ FACTOR

 The dimension of the general
environment represents the demographic
characteristics, norms, customs and values
of the population within which the
organization operates. This includes
population trends, such as population
growth rate, age distribution, career
attitudes, safety emphasis. health
consciousness, lifestyle attitudes and culture
barriers.
ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT/
FACTOR
 Economic factors are determinants of a
certain economy's performance. all
businesses and organizations are affected by
national and global economic factors.
National (and global) interest rates and
fiscal policy is set around economic
conditions. the climate of the economy
dictates how the consumers, suppliers, and
other organizational stakeholders such as
supplies and creditors behave within the
society.

ENVIRONMENTAL /FACTOR
 These factors include ecological, and
environmental aspects, such as weather,
climate, environmental offsets, and climate
change which may especially affect
industries such as tourism, farming,
agriculture, and insurance.