Department of Architecture and Regional Planning, IIT Kharagpur

END SEMESTER EXAMINATION

Subject: Water Supply and Sanitation (AR 22004)
Spring Semester Session 2021-22
Total Marks: 50 Semester: 4th
Bachelor of Architecture Time: 2 hours
Date: 11.04.2022
Answer ANY FIVE questions

Q.1. A single storeyed building has the following sanitary fixtures, whose Fixture units are also
provided in the table below –

S. No. Fixture Fixture units

(no. of units installed)
1 Kitchen sink (1) 2
2 Kitchen tap (1) 2
3 Ablution tap (2) 1
4 Shower (2) 2
5 Tap (4) 2
6 Wash basin (3) 1

The unit flow rate for Total Fixture units of 20 and 40 is 2.0 and 3.3 cf/m respectively.
The elevation of the ground floor is 100 m and the LWL of the overhead tank is 106 m. Assume head
loss in fittings to be 0.5 m/floor.
Use Hazen-Williams equation to calculate the diameter of the water supply mains (C=150) of the
building.
(10 marks)

Q.2. (a) Write short notes (any two) –

(i) Break pressure tank system
(ii) Supercritical flow and urban flooding
(iii) Arrangement of centrifugal pumps
(b) A storm causes a peak runoff rate of 8 m3/s in a drainage basin that has a time of concentration
of 20 minutes. A detention basin with 12000 m3 of storage volume is built on site. Estimate the peak
outflow rate from the basin for this storm, if the peak inflow rate is 4 m3/s.
(5+5 marks)

Q.3. (a) Draw a labelled cross section of a septic tank for a residence having 8 people. The locality is
supplied 90 lpcd of potable water by the municipality. The constants for storage capacity per person
is 0.085 m3 (2 years), space for digestion is 0.0425 m3/person, depth of tank is 1.4 m and length: width
= 2:1. Assume that 60% of the supplied water ends up in the septic tank.

(b) Write down the differences between the following (any two):
I. Washdown vs Siphonic toilet
II. Two pipe system vs Single stack partially ventilated system
III. Compression impact vs Wavering out of traps

(5+5 marks)

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Q.4. (a) Pump A and Pump B are connected in parallel in a system that comprises 2400m of 200 mm
diameter pipe (with C=100). The total static head of the system is 25 m. the pump manufacturer has
provided data that describe the pump head curves in tabular form as given below –

TDH (m)
Discharge (m3/s)
Pump A Pump B
0 73 61
0.0063 68.5 56
0.0126 61 47
0.0189 50 35
0.0252 38 18
0.0315 20 –

Determine the operating point of the parallel pumps in the given system and the contribution of each pump
to the flow.
Use the nomogram (Appendix – A) and a graph sheet for the solution.

(b) Draw the diagram when the pumps mentioned are arranged in series. Find the BEP

(5+5 marks)

Q.5. (a) In the figure given below, explain the graph A and B.
Biochemical Oxygen Demand

(b) The dissolved oxygen in an unseeded sample of diluted wastewater (initial DO of sample is 9 mg/L) is
3 mg/L after 5 days. The dilution fraction is 0.03 and reaction rate constant, k = 0.22 day-1.
Calculate a) 5-day BOD of the waste, b) ultimate BOD.
(5+5 marks)

Q.6. (a) What is a positive displacement pump? Where do we use it?

(b) A ‘2 m Ø circular sewer’ is laid on a slope of 0.0008 m/m. If n is equal to 0.013 at all depths of flow,
determine the following:
i. Q and V when the sewer is flowing full
ii. Q and V when the sewer is flowing at a depth of 0.3 m
iii. Q and V when the flow in the sewer is at 0.6 of its capacity.
Use the partial flow graphs (Appendix B) for working out the solutions.
(4+6 Marks)

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Appendix – A

Hazen Williams nomogram for roughness coefficient (C) =100

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Appendix – B

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