The tourism network & supply components

 Bus
Scope and Sectors of the Tourism Industry 5. Travel trade - comprised of people and
Tourism is considered to be an important aspect of companies that resell travel products and
economic growth and the development of a nation. services they have bought and/or reserved from
other parties. (Middleman - workers)
1. Accommodation - provides an enormous variety Components:
of accommodation types to suit a wide range of  Travel agencies or online travel agencies
visitors/travelers. It is a place to sleep that (OTA)
provides amenities & facilities for the temporary  Tour operators
use of a tourist or traveler.  Destination marketing organizations
 Hotels (DMO’s)
 Motels Marketing reservations for:
 Bed & breakfast  Accommodation
 Resorts  Transportation
 Villas  Tours
 Pension houses  Food & beverage services
 Cottages  Attractions
 Vacation house 6. MICE (Meeting, Incentives, Conventions &
2. Food and Beverage Service - defined as the Exhibitions) - refers to a fast-growing segment
process of preparing, presenting & serving food of the tourism industry dedicated to planning,
& beverages to customers. organizing, booking and facilitating conferences,
 Restaurants seminars and other events.
 Cafes a) Meeting - refers to any occasion where two
 Coffee shops or more people come together with a
 Bars & clubs common agenda to discuss
3. Attractions - refers to the facilities visited by b) Incentive - refers to the rewarding of
tourist at a tourist destination. employees for their quality of work &
Purposes: performance.
 entertainment, c) Convention - involves the gathering of
 educational & delegates, representatives, & members of
 Leisure an organization for a common purpose
Categorized as : coupled with activities happening
 Natural : beaches, mountains, forests simultaneously
and rivers d) Exhibition - is an event that promotes new
 Man-made : monuments, mall and products, services & materials to attendees
buildings that may be potential customers.
Examples: 7. Government - comprises elected people
 Waterfalls responsible for creating facilitating and
 Lakes enforcing laws to ensure the safety, security and
 Mangroves rights of the people and organizations under
 Theme parks them.
 Zoos Roles:
 Museums  Plan & Facilitate Tourism
 Picnic grounds - devising policies
 Gardens - planning
 Farms - creating safety regulations
 Casinos - generation of guidelines
 Sanctuaries - objectives for growth & management
4. Transportation - the medium for the actual - devising strategies
movement of travelers, which can be through  Control & Supervising of Tourism
air, water, road, and rail.  Prevent Disastrous events
 Airlines  Ensure orderliness
 Airports  Maintain quality standards
 Car rental  Help match supply and demand
 Motor coach  Protecting tourist & other parties
 Cruise
 Ferry
 Rail
 The tourism network & supply components
 Direct Ownership of Components
 Park
 Airlines
 Airports
 Galleries
 Museums
 Historic sites
 Streets
 Highways and railways
 Buses
 Harbors and ferries
 Subways
 Hotels
 Resorts
 Swimming pools
 Golf courses and even liquor
stores
 Promote Tourism to Home and Overseas
Markets:
 Producing and distributing maps,
charts, and tourism literature
 Operating information centers,
advertising
 Organizing sales promotion and
public relations activities directed
at home and overseas workers.
It attempts to increase tourism growth by:
 Effective marketing
 Concentrating its publicly on less popular
attractions or geographical regions
 And doing more promotional work during
the off-season
TOURISM ORGANIZATIONS
A commercial or non-commercial establishment
such as a company, bureau or agency that organizes &
conducts tourist trips.
Local Tourism Organizations:
1. Department of Tourism (DOT)
- is the executive department of the Philippine
government responsible for the regulation of
the Philippine tourism industry & the promotion
of the Philippines as a tourist destination.
 Intramuros Administration (IA)
- it is responsible for the orderly
restoration & development of Intramuros as a
monument to the Hispanic period in Philippine
History.
 PCSSD (Philippine Commission on Sports Scuba
Diving)
- it provides the standard basic dive rules
to all levels or kinds of dives, regulate scuba sports &
technical diving in the country.
 PRA (Philippine Retirement Authority)
- it is a government-owned & controlled
corporation created under Executive Order No. 1037
- a retirement haven to accelerate its
social & economical development.
 DFPC (Duty Free Philippines Corporation)
- was authorized to establish, operate
and maintain duty and tax free stores at all
international airports and seaports, selected hotels,
tourist resorts, and commercial or trading centers
throughout the country for a period of twenty-five
(25) years.
 TIEZA (Tourism Infrastructure & Enterprise
Zone Authority)
- The Tourism Infrastructure and
Enterprise Zone Authority (TIEZA), a Government
Owned and Controlled Corporation (GOCC) attached
to the Department of Tourism (DOT), was created by
virtue of Republic Act No. 9593, otherwise known as
the Tourism Act of 2009. It is responsible for
implementing policies and programs of the DOT
pertaining to the development, promotion, and
supervision of tourism projects in the Philippines.
TIEZA’s main tasks include building tourism
infrastructure, designation, regulation and
supervision of Tourism Enterprise Zones (TEZs),
operation and management of TIEZA Assets , and the
collection of the Philippine Travel Tax.

¥ Different Agencies ¥  TPB (Tourism Promotions Board)

 NPDC (National Parks Development - aims to provide marketing services and
Committee) benefits to its members through various areas of
- mandated to develop, preserve, and manage activity which promote, advocate, and represent the
Rizal & Paco parks in Manila & other parks that interest of its members for the benefit and
may be assigned to it for the: sustainable development of their business and the
 Wholesome recreation tourism industry as a whole.
 Socio-cultural education
- partnership with the : community, government 2. Department of Environment and Natural Resources
offices, non-government organizations (DENR)
- is responsible for the conservation,
management, and development of the country's
environment and natural resources.
 The tourism network & supply components
- is a membership association working to
3. National Economic Development Authority (NEDA) promote the responsible development of travel and
- is an independent cabinet-level agency of the tourism in the Asia Pacific region.
Philippine government responsible for economic
development and planning.  9. World Wild Fund (WWF)
-  is an international non-governmental
4. National Ecotourism Development Committee ( NEDC) organization founded in 1961 that works in the field
- to develop and manage globally competitive of wilderness preservation and the reduction of
ecotourism sites, products and markets that will human impact on the environment. It was formerly
contribute to inclusive growth. named the World Wildlife Fund, which remains its
official name in Canada and the United States. 
International Tourism Organizations:
1. Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Career Opportunities
- is a regional organization that brings
together disparate neighbors to address
economic and security issues, but the group’s
impact remains limited.

2. Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)

-  is an inter-governmental forum for 21
member economies in the Pacific Rim that
promotes free trade throughout the Asia-Pacific
region.

3. International Union for the Conservative of Nature

(IUCN)
-  is an international organization working
in the field of nature conservation and sustainable
use of natural resources. It is involved in data
gathering and analysis, research, field projects,
advocacy, and education.

4. United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)

- specialized agency entrusted with the
promotion of responsible, sustainable and
universally accessible tourism. 

5. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural

Organization (UNESCO)
- is a specialised agency of the United
Nations aimed at promoting world peace and
security through international cooperation in
education, arts, sciences and culture.

6. World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC)

- is a forum for the travel and tourism
industry. It is made up of members from the
global business community and works with
governments to raise awareness about the travel
and tourism industry. 

7. Cruise Lines International Association (CLIA)

-  is a cruise line trade association. It
merged with International Council of Cruise Lines
in 2006, forming an expanded organization
incorporating the existing functions of both
organizations.
8. Pacific Asia Travel Association (PATA)
 The tourism network & supply components
Tourism Network - a form of partnership involving
different interacting elements, which include tourists,
enterprises, institutions & the host community.
Travel Industry - is linked to the idea of people travelling
to other locations, either domestically or internationally,
for leisure, social or business purposes.
Components of the Tourism Industry
1. Direct providers - involves businesses that provide
services, activities, & products consumed & purchased
directly by travelers/tourists.
Components of Tourism Supply
1. Natural resources - refer to the physical characteristics
of an area that can be generalized as natural scenery,
climate & environment.
2. Infrastructure - comprises all underground & surface
developmental constructions that make business activity
possible.
3. Superstructure - includes above-ground facility services
where business activities occur.

2. Support services - provide products & services to direct
providers who then sell these products & services directly
to tourists.
3. Development organizations - deals with tourism
development that is more complex & broader in scope
compared to the production of daily travel services.
Tourism system - is a complex network of human,
geographical & institutional relationships.
4. Transportation & transportation equipment - is the
movement of goods or people from one place to another.
5. Hospitality resources - refer to the general feeling of
welcome that visitors receive while visiting a destination &
how service providers deliver tourist services.
Tourism System Flow

Tourism Demand - is the number of people that plan to

purchase tourism products supported by sufficient
purchasing power.

 Determinants of Tourism demand

- demands is affected by disposable income,
costs, competition, distribution of wealth, supply
competition, advertising, vacation entitlements,
exchange rates, government regulations and tax
policy.

 Travel motivation Tourism Supply Chain

- an internal force that arouses & pushes an
individual from choosing a particular destination
with the intention of getting the desired benefits
& satisfaction.
 Buyer behavior
- refers to the decision & acts people undertake
to buy products or services for individual or
group use.
“a network of tourism organizations engaged in
different activities ranging from the supply of different
components of tourism products/services such as flights
and accommodation to the distribution and marketing of
the final tourism product at a specific tourism destination,
and involves a wide range of participants in both the
private and public sectors.”
Service flow

Bridging Components
Are suppliers connected to tourists through
tourism marketing channels consisting mainly:
A. Intermediaries - such as tour operators, retail
trade, & meeting & convention
planner.
B. Facilitators - who assist in the efficient functioning
of the tourism system.

Tourism Supply - as the supply of all assets, services &

goods to be enjoyed or brought by visitors & occasioned
by the journeys of visitors.
The tourism network & supply components