Republic of the Philippines

BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY

Pablo Borbon Main II
Alangilan, Batangas City

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE AND FINE ARTS

EXPERIMENT NO. 7
Common Chemistry Laboratory Equipments
Pastor, Hershey A.

Introduction

We consumed pH in our everyday life as well as in industry especially in works

that have a connection in science and chemistry. We used it especially in food
preservation, in cleaners, and an important factor in agriculture, medicine, chemistry,
engineering, biology, and agronomy.
The pH of a solution is a quantitative measure that is used to determine the
acidity or basicity of the water or other liquid solutions. pH which ordinarily ranges
between the numbers 0 to 14 is widely used in some fields of science especially
chemistry that translates the number or values of concentration of the hydrogen and
hydroxyl ions in the water.
A pH of less than 7 is believed to be an acidic. While a pH of greater than 7 is
then believed to be an basic. However, a pH scale of 7.0 is defined as "neutral water" that
is a usual comprehension because the concentration of H3O+ equals the concentration of
OH− in pure water. The pH level is a logarithmic, meaning that a change in any value in
scale or an increase or decrease of an integer value vary the concentration by a tenfold.
To measure the pH of an aqueous or liquid solution that will determine how
acidic/basic the liquid solution you need to know first the concentration of the hydronium
ion in moles per liter then calculated using the expression:
pH = - log [H3O+].
In the experiment that is conducted the aqueous or liquid solution that is used is
water.

Results and Discussion

In the experiment that is conducted the materials that is used are 3L of water, 5
flasks, and a 100mL of 1M HCl. The experiment is conducted to see how the
concentration in flask has been diluted in half again and again as it continously transfer
an amount of 20 mL from the first flask until the last flask or until it become 1/32 of the
concentration of the original stock solution.
 In conducting the experiment we must ensure first that constant amount of water
on each flask because in the experiment as we are adding a solution from one flask to
another, the volume of water on each flask must be less than the volume of the flask and
all flask must have a constant amount of water. Through having a constant amount of
water in each flask, the change in the concentration of each flask that is diluted in half can
be easily seen. We must also ensure that the amount of water inside the first flask and the
amount of 1M HCl that will be added to the first flask are both in the same amount as it
will be the first step of the experiment that will serve as the core of the experiment.
In transferring a solution from one flask to another a constant amount of
transferable solution must be observed to attain a successive concentration from the first
flask until the last flask. With the help of the constant amount of water and temperature in
each flask, the successive concentration on each transfer of solution is attained.
In the experiment that is conducted more detail can be seen by using the
expression:
¿¿
Where n is the number of successive concentration from the first flask until the last flask
that have a constant amount of water and temperature.

Conclusion and Recommendation

I conclude that each flask having a constant amount of water and temperature, as
well as having the same amount of solution on the first flask and amount of 1M HCl that
will be added can affect the number of successive dilutions from the first flask until the
last flask.
 I also conclude that as I continuously transfer 20 mL of solution from the first
flask up to the last flask the amount of concentration has also been continuously diluted
in half again and again until the concentration of the last flask becomes 1/32 of the
original stock solution which is ½.
I would recommend trying and using other kinds of solutions because other
solutions have different structures. But I also recommend to only use solutions or
chemicals that contain water on it in experimenting because pH can only be used in an
aqueous solution or solution that has water on it. If there's no water, there's no pH. Many
chemicals, including liquids, do not have pH values like gasoline or pure alcohol.

References
https://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/howtosolveit/Equilibrium/
Calculating_pHandpOH.html
https://study.com/academy/lesson/determining-ph-methods-classification.html
https://www.albert.io/blog/how-to-calculate-ph-in-chemistry/
http://chemcollective.org/vlab/100