Bantayan, Maria Anna June 11, 2011

10981411 Personality Sketches

A Brief Look at Some of the Countrys Literary Masters Bienvenido L. Lumbera Born in Lipa on April 11, 1932, Bienvenido Lumbera is the youngest of two siblings and the only boy in the family. Unfortunately, he and his older sister became orphans at an early age. His paternal grandmother, Eusebia Teru, was the one who raised them. Despite the hardships that they faced when the Japanese came to Lipa and occupied there, they did not seem to suffer terribly from it, as the family was able to escape the more traumatic incidents and his grandmother was able to bring his sister to relatives for safety. He was also able to befriend a Japanese soldier (Bienvenido Lumbera: Life and Legacy). His basic education was for most of the time nondescript, but his first year of schooling was recalled to be harrowing. Through the years, though, he was able to stand out due to his sharpness for reading and his burgeoning fondness for the English language (Bienvenido Lumbera: Life and Legacy). For his college studies, his guardians advised him to study in the University of Santo Tomas, where he took a degree in journalism. It was here also where his love for literature was growing, as well as being active in student government (Ramon Magsaysay Awardee for Journalism, Literature and Creative Communication Arts Bienvenido Lumbera). After a short stint as a high school teacher in his alma mater, a staff member of a provincial newspaper and of a religious magazine, he was granted a Fulbright scholarship. This and another opportunity made him grab a spot in Indiana University for a masters degree in Comparative Literature (Bienvenido Lumbera: Life and Legacy). His studies in the United States gave him a more diversified and wider perspective from his college days. A consultation with a fellow scholar, Rony Diaz, and one of his mentors, Horst Frenz, made him decide to focus his dissertation on Tagalog poetry. He was able to complete his doctorate in 1967 while sustaining himself with teaching jobs at Holy Ghost College (now called College of the Holy Spirit), Ateneo, and Hanover College in Bloomington (Bienvenido Lumbera: Life and Legacy). His initial touch at nationalism was shown in his choice of dissertation topic on Tagalog poetry, but it was in his second stay in the United States where it was inspired further. His observations and experiences in seeing the civil rights movement in America made him question the Philippines own political and social situation (Bienvenido Lumbera: Life and Legacy). His growing political and social awareness pushed him to move into teaching and writing in Filipino, as well as joining in movements in and out of the university that pressed for changes, particularly equality for and among Filipinos. With the advent of Marcos dictatorship, his political fervour strengthened. He was even arrested (though it was mentioned that military was looking for another person) and detained due to his involvement through political writings (Ramon Magsaysay Awardee for Journalism, Literature and Creative Communication Arts Bienvenido Lumbera). Even after his release, he still continued his writing and even spread his political views through his teaching of writing and literature. It was because of his endeavours that the Filipino language, as well as other Philippine languages, was lifted up to the same academic and socio-political status as that of English (San Pablo Burns 1314). His foray into themes of social relevance paved the way for other young writers then such as Nicanor Tiongson, Soledad Reyes and Doreen Fernandez, now established

writers themselves (Ramon Magsaysay Awardee for Journalism, Literature and Creative Communication Arts Bienvenido Lumbera). He continues even today to teach in universities and write, as well as collaborate with other writers and artists all in the promotion of the Filipino. Frigid Moon, his first published work in 1953, was a poem that appeared in the Sunday Magazine of the Manila Chronicle. It was because of the encouragement of Manuel Viray, one of his literary influences and good friend, that this paved the way for his growth as a writer (Ramon Magsaysay Awardee for Journalism, Literature and Creative Communication Arts Bienvenido Lumbera). His doctorate dissertation, Tagalog Poetry 1570-1898: Tradition and Influences in Its Development which was finished in 1967, has been published by the Ateneo de Manila University Press for the public. It has been touted as first historico-critical study of Philippine Literature (Bienvenido Lumbera: Life and Legacy) and it helped in opening the doors to researching and studying about various literatures in the Philippines. Likhang Dila, Likhang Diwa was published by Anvil in 1993. This was his first collection of poems. The same year saw him earn the Ramon Magsaysay Awards for journalism, literature and creative communication arts (Ramon Magsaysay Awardee for Journalism, Literature and Creative Communication Arts Bienvenido Lumbera) A book co-edited with his wife, Cynthia Nograles-Lumbera, is entitled Philippine Literature: A History and Anthology. Created as a textbook, its literary selections are categorized into different major historical periods such as pre-colonial, Spanish rule, American rule, and others. And as a textbook, it gives students (whether high school or college) a good introduction to our countrys literature. Because of his contributions in Philippine literature especially in the promotion of the Filipino language, Bienvenido Lumbera has been hailed one of our National Artists (The Manila Critics Circle and the National Book Awards) for Literature in 2006. His collection of Filipino poems was one of the ten special awardees to receive from CPMAL in 1974-1975 for his Sunog sa Lipa at Iba Pang Tula (Valeros 141). He also received the Ramon Magsaysay Award for journalism, literature and creative communication arts in 1993 (Ramon Magsaysay Awardee for Journalism, Literature and Creative Communication Arts Bienvenido Lumbera). For his works, he has also received several National Book Awards for Literary Criticism, Poetry and Anthology from the Manila Critics Circle (The National Artists of the Philippines Bienvenido Lumbera). He was also the recipient of the Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature in 1975 (Directory of Winners). These are just some of the many accolades that he had received over the years. Works Cited: Bienvenido Lumbera: Life and Legacy. Bienvenido Lumbera. Wordpress, n.d. Web. 31 May 2011. Directory of Winners. Carlo Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature. Carlo Palanca Memorial Awards. 2010. Web. 1 June 2011. Major Published Critical Works. Bienvenido Lumbera. Wordpress, n.d. Web. 31 May 2011.

Ramon Magsaysay Awardee for Journalism, Literature and Creative Communication Arts Bienvenido Lumbera. Ramon Magsaysay Award Foundation. n.p., n.d. Web. 31 May 2011. The Manila Critics Circle and the National Book Awards. Subcommission on the Arts. National Commission for Culture and the Arts. 2011. Web. 1 June 2011. The National Artists of the Philippines Bienvenido Lumbera. Culture Profile. National Commission for Culture and the Arts. 2011. Web. 1 June 2011. San Pablo Burns, Lucy Mae. Review: [untitled]. The Journal of Asian Studies. 53.4 (Nov. 1994): 1313-1314. Web. 28 May 2011. Sangkomunidad. Tripod.com. n.d. Web. 31 May 2011. <1community.tripod.com/mayakda5.html>. Valeros, Florentino B. and Valeros-Gruenberg, Estrellita. Filipino Writers in English. Quezon City: New Day Publishers, 1987. Print.

Resil B. Mojares Resil Mojares is a well-noted writer with a Cebuano heritage, being born of Cebuano parents on September 4, 1943. He came from Polanco, Zamboanga del Norte (Valeros 156). He received his doctorate degree in Literature from the University of the Philippines. He is currently professor emeritus in the University of San Carlos in Cebu (@Resil Mojares). He was also a founding director of the Cebuano Studies Center, which is a ground-breaking centre for local studies (@Radioactive Adobo). He has written books in various topics like politics, literature and Philippine history. He has either written books himself or has co-authored with other writers. One of his latest works is entitled Waiting for Mariang Makiling: Essays in Philippine Cultural History, which presents issues regarding nation forming and cultural politics (Waiting For Mariang Makiling). Published in 2002, this book is what most websites about him feature when talking about his writings. Another landmark work is Brains of the Nation: Pedro Paterno, T. H. Pardo De Tavera, Isabelo De Los Reyes and the Production of Modern Knowledge, a discussion and analysis of the lives of the three people identified in the title. This publication in 2008 presents a history of Philippine intelligentsia through these peoples contributions (Brains of the Nation). A historical account in a particular type of Philippine literature is also the premise of Origins and Rise of the Filipino Novel: A Generic Study of the Novel Until 1940, published in 1983. This book takes a closer look at the development of the Philippine novel. What is impressive about this is the strive to include not only novels in English and Tagalog, but other vernacular languages as well such as Cebuano (Origins and Rise of the Filipino Novel). This in turn creates a more or less varied perspective of one genre of our nations literature. One of his books that gave a historical awareness on Cebu is the War Against the Americans: Resistance and Collaboration in Cebu: 1899-1906. It had its second publication in 2004 and talked about the American occupation in Cebu. It is a good painting of a historical picture with the use of various documents taken from different battles and character accounts (KabayanCentral.com). Another remarkable book is his biography on one of the countrys senators, who is also a Cebuano. Vicente Sotto: The Maverick Senator is an account of what they then named as the Great Dissenter, Senator Vicente Yap Sotto (not to be confused with the other Sotto senator), who was seen as one of the greatest Cebuanos of the 20th century and the proponent of the law that protects journalists to keep their sources from public revelation, also known as the Sotto law (Vicente). He is also co-writes. One of his collaborations is in More Hispanic Than We Admit, written with Fernando Zialcita, Ambeth Ocampo, and Regalado Trota Jose, among others (More Hispanic Than We Admit). This book is a collection of essays that discuss about the Filipino image and identity as deeply integrated with the 300 years colonization and influence of Spain. Another collaborative work, this time in an editorial role, is Sugilanong Sugbuanon: Cebuano Fiction. With two book series, it showcases what is considered as modern prose in Cebuano that actually started in the 19th century (Sugilanong Sugboanon). And these are just some of the many volumes that he has written. No wonder that through these contributions to Philippine history, culture and literature, he has garnered several awards. He has received six National Book Awards. Among them was Origins and Rise of the

Filipino Novel: A Generic Study of the Novel until 1940 for Literary Criticism and Casa Gorordo in Cebu: Urban Residence in a Philippine Province, 18601920 for Social Science in 1983. He also received the Gintong Aklat Award for his works such as Theater in Society, Society in Theater: Social History of a Cebuano Village, 18401940 for Nonfiction in 1987 and Waiting for Mariang Makiling: Essays in Philippine Cultural History for Social Science in 2004. Another award given by the National Book Development Board is the Manila Critics Circle Members Award, which he received again for his Waiting for Mariang Makiling: Essays in Philippine Cultural History, this time in 2003 for the Essay category (Award Winning Books). Aside from being a former faculty of University of San Carlos, he has also been a Visiting Professor for the University of Kyoto and part of the editorial advisor board of the Kyoto Review of Southeast Asia. He had also been a Visiting Professor for the National University of Singapore (Staff Details). In spring 2001, he was again a Visiting Professor at the University of California in Los Angeles for their Southeast Asian Languages and Cultures course. There, he taught classes that focused on a study of selected novels starting from late 19th century, as well as a study of varied texts from the 16th to the 20th century in order to show the Philippines cultural history (Visiting Scholars)

Works Cited: @Resil Mojares. Basic information. Facebook.com. 2011. Web. 2 June 2011. Award Winning Books. National Book Development Board. 2008. Web. 3 June 2011. Brains of the Nation: Pedro Paterno, T. H. Pardo De Tavera, Isabelo De Los Reyes and the Production of Modern Knowledge. Amazon.com. 2011. Web. 2 June 2011. More Hispanic Than We Admit. Amazon.com. 2011. Web. 2 June 2011. Origins and Rise of the Filipino Novel: A Generic Study of the Novel Until 1940 (1983). Nobelang Atisan. Wordpress. n.d. Web. 2 June 2011. Resil Mojares. Authors. Vibal Foundation. 2011. Web. 1 June 2011. Staff Details. About ARI. National University of Singapore. 2011. Web. 3 June 2011. Sugilanong Sugboanon: Cebuano Fiction Until 1940 / 1941-2005. KabayanCentral.com. The Worlds Filipino Book Store. 2009. Web. 2 June 2011. Visiting Scholars, 2000-01. UCLA International Institute. The Regents of the University of California. 2011. Web. 3 June 2011. Waiting For Mariang Makiling (essays In Philippine Cultural History). KabayanCentral.com. The Worlds Filipino Book Store. 2009. Web. 2 June 2011. War Against the Americans: Resistance and Collaboration in Cebu: 1899-1906. KabayanCentral.com. The Worlds Filipino Book Store. 2009. Web. 2 June 2011. @Radioactive Adobo, Welcome to Pulitika at Lipunan! Weblog entry. Pulitika at Lipunan. 16 May 2006. 1 June 2011. <http://alaykayresilmojares.blogspot.com/>. Valeros, Florentino B. and Valeros-Gruenberg, Estrellita. Filipino Writers in English. Quezon City: New Day Publishers, 1987. Print. Vicente, Diego. The Maverick Senator. Don Vicente Yap Sotto: The Great Dissenter. Blogspot.com. 13 January 2008. Web. 2 June 2011.

Soledad S. Reyes Soledad Sarmiento Reyes, born March 5, 1946, received her Bachelors Degree in Maryknoll College in 1966 (Soledad S. Reyes). She then received her Masters Degree in Literature in 1971 from Ateneo de Manila University and quickly moved on to get her PhD in Philippine Studies from the University of the Philippines, this time in 1979 (Soledad S. Reyes). Not yet wanting to rest on her educational laurels, she went to England and acquired another Masters Degree, now in Sociology from Essex University in 1981. In 1971, she entered Ateneo de Manila as a faculty for Interdisciplinary Studies and eventually earned full professor status in 1986. On November 9, 2009, Ateneo granted her and two other faculty members Professor Emeritus status for their academic and scholarly contributions to the university (Correa). Some of her services to the university were being an editor of the Humanities section in the Loyola Schools Review starting from 2001 and being a PEN International and Writers Union of the Philippines member. She also became part of the board of the Writers Union from 1987 to 1995 (Correa). Aside from her stint at Ateneo, she also had the privilege of teaching in other universities. She was part of the exchange program starting from 1982 between Ateneo and Xiamen University, China. There, she taught Philippine literature, history and culture. Another exchange program in 1992 happened this time with Peking University. She came back in 1997 at Peking University to teach Philippine literature and popular culture (Soledad S. Reyes). With her association with Ateneo, its university press helped in publishing some of her works. One of them is Pagbasa Ng Panitikan At Kulturang Popular (piling Sanaysay, 19761996), which was published in 1997 and is a collection of essays that tackles various methods in looking at popular culture and literature. Another is Rosario de Guzman Lingat (1924-1997):The Burden of Self and History. Published in 2003, it is a literary biography of prolific writer Rosario de Guzman, who is one of the pillars of Tagalog literature (Book Info). Another sort of anthology on a writer is her next book, Ang Ginto Sa Makiling At Ibang Mga Kuwento Ni Macario Pineda, an obvious collection of Macario Pinedas literary works that showcase his reputation as a great Tagalog fictionist ( Ang Ginto Sa Makiling At Ibang Mga Kuwento Ni Macario Pineda). Her latest creations include From Darna to Zsazsa Zaturnnah: Desire and Fantasy and Other Way in 2009, a collection of essays that takes a different look in what other intellectualized critics ignore or even snub popular texts. Another is A Dark Tinge to the World: Selected Essays 1987-2005, which is also a collection of critical essays (Soledad S. Reyes). She has also edited Ang Silid Na Mahiwaga: Kalipunan Ng Kuwentot Tula Ng Mga Babaeng Manunulat, a collection of literary texts by women authors who used Filipino as their literary language. This was published in 1994. Nobelang Tagalog, 1905-1975 : tradisyon at modernismo is another publication that focuses on both a historical account and critical analysis of Tagalog fiction. This had received the National Book Award for Literary Criticism in 1982. She also received the same award for the same category for her other works: a 1991 award for The Romance Mode in Philippine Popular Literature and Other Essays, which discusses why Filipinos respond so much to romance in most stories in any format, be it in literature, movies, or even in teledrama; and just in the next year, Kritisismo: Mga Teorya at Antolohiya para sa Epektibong Pagtuturo ng Panitikan (The Manila Critics Circle).

She had also received awards for the following: the Manila Critics' Circles Award for outstanding achievements in Theory and Criticism (1984, 1991, 1993); Best Editing Award for Lina Flor: Collected Works in 2001; Writers' Union of the Philippines Award for Criticism (2000); Quezon Award in Humanities (1997); and Gawad Balagtas for Criticism (1996) (100 Nobelang Tagalog).

Works Cited: 100 Nobelang Tagalog. Acknowledgements. Filipiniana.net. n.d. Web. 1 June 2011. Ang Ginto Sa Makiling At Ibang Mga Kuwento Ni Macario Pineda. KabayanCentral.com. The Worlds Filipino Book Store. 2009. Web. 3 June 2011. Book Info. Ateneo de Manila University Press. Ateneo University Press. 2002. Web 1 June 2011. National Book Awards: Annual Awards for Outstanding Philippine Books L. The Manila Critics Circle. Tripod.com. n.d. Web. 2 June 2011. Pagbasa Ng Panitikan At Kulturang Popular (piling Sanaysay, 1976-1996). KabayanCentral.com. The Worlds Filipino Book Store. 2009. Web. 3 June 2011. Soledad S. Reyes. Authors. Panitikan.com. 2005. Web. 1 June 2011. Soledad S. Reyes. Authors. Vibal Foundation. 2011. Web. 1 June 2011. Soledad S. Reyes. goodreads. Goodreads Inc. 2011. Web. 1 June 2011. Correa, Michelle Camille. Marasigan, Reyes, Ruiz named emeritus professors. Ateneo de Manila University. www.ateneo.edu. n.d. Web. 1 June 2011.

Epifanio San Juan, Jr. Epifanio San Juan, Jr. was born on December 29, 1938 in Manila (Epifanio San Juan, Jr.). in 1958, he received his Bachelor of Arts degree in English from the University of the Philippines, where he was garnered the distinction of magna cum laude. Then, receiving a Rockefeller Fellowship, he moved on to get his doctorate degree in Literature from Harvard University in 1965 (Epifanio San Juan, Jr.). He has since then gone on teaching in various universities around the world. While he was studying for his Ph.D. in Harvard, from 1961 to 1965 he was also a fellow and tutor in English. He has also taught in the University of California at Davis, University of Connecticut at Storrs, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, University of the Philippines, Ateneo de Manila, Bowling Green State University, Wesleyan University, the Universities of Leuven and Antwerp and the National Tsing Hua University in Taiwan (Cabusao). Being a Filipino writer and an educator, San Juan, Jr. exhorts the role of literature to give a voice to and combat against oppression and improve the Filipino life. It is said that his works are a form of activism (Cabusao), with his poems, translations and criticisms focusing on the Filipino diaspora, international relations and a struggle against corporate-led globalization. Critics have seen that he uses a Gramscian approach and a critical Marxist optic on cultural events and texts in the Philippine historical process of national liberation (Epifanio San Juan, Jr.). And because of this conviction, his works have been a source of learning and inspiration. He translated the poems of known labour organizer Amado Hernandez, who was also an inspiration to him in his socio-political views as well as his writing craft. These translations resulted in his Rice Grains: Selected Poems of Amado V. Hernandez in 1966. His works also saw its first publication in The Collegian New Review in 1954. His poems were also part of anthologies such in Godkissing Carrion/ Selected Poems: 1954-1964 in 1964 and The Exorcism and Other Poems in 1967 (Epifanio San Juan, Jr.). His own poetry is a reflection of his beliefs, with the collection Kung Ikaw ay Inaapi, Bakit Hindi Ka Magbalikwas, published in 1984 by, fittingly, Makibaka Publications of the Philippines Research Center. Other poetry collections were The Ashes of Pedro Abad Santos and Other Poems in 1986 and Alay sa Paglikha ng Bukang Liwayway from Ateneo Press in 2000 (Epifanio San Juan, Jr.). In 2004, he had a new collection of poems, this time with the University of the Philippine Press, entitled Sapagkat Iniibig Kita at iba pang bagong tula. Another inspiration, Carlos Bulosan who was also a labour organizer and writer, moved him to create books on criticisms. These were Carlos Bulosan and the Imagination of the Class Struggle in 1972, On Becoming Filipino: Selected Writings by Carlos Bulosan and The Cry and the Dedication, both published in 1995 through Temple University in Philadelphia (Cabusao). He had also written on Western writers as well. They included, among others, The Art of Oscar Wilde, a 1967 publication that assessed Wilde using New Criticism, James Joyce and the Craft of Fiction in 1972, and Marxism and Human Liberation: Selected Essays by Georg Lukacs also in 1972 (The Art of Oscar Wilde). From all of these and more, he has garnered quite a number of accolades. In 1964, he received the Siglo de Oro for Comparative Literature from Spain for his critique on Gongoras poetry. Other awards included:

from the Association for Asian American Studies, the Gustavus Myers Center for Human Rights, the Society for the Study of Multi-Ethnic Literatures in the United States and the Cultural Center of the Philippines, in particular the Centennial Award for Achievement in Literature in 1999. He has also received recognition as Fulbright lecturer and professor and as Fellow of the Center for the Humanities at Wesleyan University, the Institute for the Advanced Study of the Humanities at University of Edinburgh, and the Institute for the Study of Culture and Society in Ohio (Epifanio San Juan, Jr.). His work, After Postcolonialism: Remapping Philippines-US Confrontations, won the Myers Distinguished Book Award in 2001 (Epifanio San Juan, Jr.). He is also touted as being the first Filipino male scholar to give analysis with feminist discourse in Filipina Insurgency: Writing Against Patriarchy in 1999 (Epifanio San Juan, Jr.). One of his books, Racial Formations/Critical Transformations: Articulations of Power in Ethnic and Racial Studies in the United States, is not only a staple text for Ethnic and Asian-American Studies in the U.S., it also received the Outstanding Book Award from the Gustavus Myers Center for the Study of Human Rights in 1992 and a National Book Award in Cultural Studies from the Association for Asian American Studies the following year. Another work, After Postcolonialism: Remapping Philippines-United States Confrontations, garnered the Outstanding Book Award on Human Rights from the Gustavus Myers Center in 2001 (Cabusao). In the Philippines, he received the Centennial Award for Achievement in Literature from the Cultural Center of the Philippines in 1999 for his contributions to Filipino and FilipinoAmerican studies (Epifanio San Juan, Jr.). Lately, he has been associated with the Du Bois Institute for African and African American Research in Harvard University, Massachusetts. One of his current projects, entitled The African American Community and US/Filipino Relations 1898 to present, takes a closer look at the overlooked and misunderstood segment of the Filipino-American war of 1899 to 1902 and the inclusion of some African Americans in the Filipino resistance (Epifanio San Juan, Jr.). Works Cited: Epifanio San Juan, Jr. Authors. Panitikan.com. 2005. Web. 1 June 2011. Cabusao, Jeffrey Arellano. Epifanio San Juan, Jr. of the Dancing Mind. Global Nation. Inquirer.net. 1 July 2008. Web. 1 June 2011. Epifanio San Juan, Jr. W.E.B. Du Bois Institute for African and African-American Research. The President and Fellows of Harvard College. n.d. Web. 2 June 2011. Epifanio San Juan, Jr. goodreads. Goodreads Inc. 2011. Web. 2 June 2011. Epifanio San Juan, Jr. Tulaan sa Tren Authors. The Philippine Online Chronicles. n.d. Web. 2 June 2011. The Art of Oscar Wilde. Amazon.com. 2011. Web. 4 June 2011. James Joyce and the Craft of Fiction: Interpretation of Dubliners. Amazon.com. 2011. Web. 4 June 2011.

Dr. Isagani R. Cruz Dr. Isagani R. Cruz is considered one of the pillars of contemporary Philippine literature and literary criticism today, as well as one of the most prominent scholars of De La Salle University considering that he is a physics graduate from the University of the Philippines! His expertise ranges from writing screenplays to being consulted for legislation, from contributing encyclopaedic articles to working on entire school textbooks. He has had several decades experience of teaching young minds in and out of the academe. Sir Gani to a lot of his students, he has been an inspiration in the pursuit of knowledge and excellence as well as a passion for a nation. It is important for those who see him as a mentor, friend, colleague and inspiration that they always greet him on April 29 for his birthday. Despite having his Bachelor of Science degree in the University of the Philippines, he took his Masters Degree, this time in English, in Ateneo de Manila University. He then moved on to get a Ph.D. in English from the University of Maryland in America (Isagani R. Cruz). He has then made great strides in the realm of education and Philippine literature, that even in his 60s (he was born in April 29, 1945), there seems to be no sign of him stopping. In the realm of education, he was the former undersecretary of the Department of Education in the early 2000. Currently, he is a Professor Emeritus for the De La Salle University and the Executive Publisher of the Academic Publications Office. He is also the Director of the Teachers Academy of Far Eastern University as well as a Visiting Lecturer for Ateneo and the University of Sto. Tomas (Isagani R. Cruz). He has also been an educator in other countries such as University of Maryland and Ohio University in America, Jundi Shapur University in Iran, Soochow University in Taiwan, Waseda University in Japan and the University of Oxford in England (Isagani R. Cruz). His literary contributions range from textbooks to literary criticisms to scripts for the theatre, film, and even TV, to scholarly journal articles to encyclopaedic entries. In fact, an entire list of his works can reach up to more than 20 pages long! Here are just some of them: Josephine at iba pang Dula [Josephine and Other Plays] was published by DLSU Press in 1988. This is a collection of five original plays in Filipino. Also in DLSU Press were the The Alfredo E. Litiatco Lectures of Isagani R. Cruz, which was a collection of his annual professional chair lectures and published in 1996, and his Filipino adaptation of Everyman, entitled Tao, published in 2001. One of his more recent works is the collection of Filipino critical essays, Bukod na Bukod, published by UP Press in 2001. It also has a translation in English, The Other Other (@Isagani R. Cruz). He has also edited several books. Some of them are anthologies: The Best Philippine Short Stories of the Twentieth Century: An Anthology of Fiction in English, a Tahanan Books publication in 2000, presents a collection of the 50 best short stories by Filipino in English writers; A Short History of Theater in the Philippines, which is a collection of research on Philippine theater published by PETA and CCP in 1971; In Our Own Words: Filipino Writers in Vernacular Languages, an anthology of literary texts and interview transcripts of Filipino writers who use their vernacular languages, a publication of DLSU Press and the Toyota Foundation in 2000. Some of them are co-edited with other writers. For instance, a collaboration with Dr. David Bayot resulted in Reading Bienvenido N. Santos in 1994 and Reading Cirilo F. Bautista the following year, both by DLSU Press and both containing interviews and essays about the given writer. Another is a collaboration Gemino H. Abad, Cristina Pantoja-Hidalgo, Alfred

Yuson, and Edna Zapanta Manlapaz that produced The Edith Tiempo Reader in 1999 (@Isagani R. Cruz). He has also written for various newspapers and magazines. He has been a columnist for Business Star, Starweek, the Manila Times, and Phil Panorama. He had been the editor-in-chief for the Malay Journal and the National Book Review. He has also written scripts for the stage, film and TV. For the theatre, he had made productions such as Halimaw (Monster), first produced with PETA in 1971 and presented a political satire of Ferdinand Marcos and his wife, Imelda. Ms. Philippines, first produced in 1979, was a parody of beauty contests. The first Filipino play that has multiple endings was attributed to Marjorie, which was first produced in 1980 and commissioned by the Philippine National Bank. Television plays included Sino'ng Dapat Magluksa in 1970, How to Live Happily Even After, Smorgasbord, Bata Ka Pa, Hijo all in 1971, and Doctor's Dilemma in 1972. And although he had written screenplays, they were never produced, like Bulgar and Biyuda, both written in 1981 (@Isagani R. Cruz). And these as just a pinch of his works, it is not surprising that he has collected a number of acclaims as well. He has received 13 Carlos Palanca awards, among them for: Marissa (fulllength play) and Lakas ng Libro/Lakas ng Tao: Pagdidiskonstrak sa Teksto ng Pebrero (essay) in 1987, Ang Buhay ay Salamin ng Sining: Ang Kudeta Bilang Texto (essay) and The Other Other: Towards a Post-Colonial Poetics (essay) in 1990 and The Lovely Bienvenido N. Santos (full-length play) in 2000. He is one of the few who is part of the Palance Hall of Famers (Palanca Hall of Fame). As one of the leading writers in the ASEAN region, he was a recipient of the South East Asian Writers (SEAWrite) Award in 1991 at Thailand. He was included in the eighth edition of Marquis Who's Who in the World in 1987. He was granted the title of Honorary Sultan of Iligan City in 2001, and received from the French Government the Chevalier dans lOrdre National du Mrite. Last 2010, he was one of the six recipients for The Outstanding Filipino Award (Insular Life, JCI Senate Phils announce outstanding Filipinos for 2010 awards).

Works Cited: @Isagani R. Cruz. Works. Wordpress.com. n.d. Web. 2 June 2011. Insular Life, JCI Senate Phils announce outstanding Filipinos for 2010 awards. News & Updates. TOFIL. Web. 6 June 2011. Isagani R. Cruz. Books 4 Philippine Schools. Tripod.com. n.d. Web. 1 June 2011. Isagani R. Cruz. goodreads. Goodreads Inc. 2011. Web. 5 June 2011. Palanca Hall of Fame. Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards. 2010. Web. 6 June 2011. Resume. Isagani R. Cruz: Filipino Critic-at-Large. Isaganicruz.net. n.d. Web 2 June 2011.

J. Neil C. Garcia J. Neil Garcia is one of the most prominent figures in the Philippine gay awareness and movement. He has written books not just on the Philippine homosexual scene but is also a wellknown literary critic as well. Born on July 16, 1969, he grew up under the care of his maternal grandparents (Garcia 1). He took his Bachelors Degree in Journalism in the University of Sto. Tomas, where he graduated magna cum laude in 1990 (J. Neil C. Garcia). He moved on to study in the University of the Philippines to take his Masters degree in Comparative Literature in 1995 and his Ph.D. in English Studies, Creative Writing in 2003. Lately, he is teaching creative writing and comparative literature at the University of the Philippine, and is an associate for poetry in the Institute of Creative Writing (Delegates Neil Garcia). He is first and foremost a poet. His most well-known, The Conversion, talks about the a homosexual being violently converted into a man by his own father and uncles, in which the actual act of converting becomes a public, almost-comedic display. This poem has frequently been turned into short video adaptations, especially in YouTube. He has several poetry collections that include Closet Quivers, published by Kalikasan Press in 1992 and contains English poems. It includes the poem with the same title, which talks about the metaphors of a homosexual coming out (Villanueva). Another poetry collection is Our Lady of the Carnival, published in 1996, which is his second collection. Other collections include Sorrows of Water, which was published in 2000, Kaluluwa: New and Selected Poems, published in 2001, The Garden of Wordlessness and Misterios and Other Poems, both published in 2005 (@J. Neil Garcia). He co-edited the three-part (as of yet) series of Ladlad, an anthology of Philippine gay writing containing poems, short stories and essays in both English and Filipino. The series not only paved the way for gay writing in Philippine literature to be acknowledged, but also served as an inspiration for other homosexuals to use it to come out of their own closets. He has also edited several Likhaan anthologies, namely: the 1992-1997 edition of The Likhaan Book of Philippine Criticism and the 1998 and 2000 editions of The Likhaan Book of Poetry and Fiction (J. Neil C. Garcia). He is also a literary critic. His doctorate dissertation in 2003, Postcolonialism and Filipino Poetics: Essays and Critiques was revised and published in 2005 (Delegates Neil Garcia). It is a collection of critical and personal essays on poetry, in where his critiques focus on the perspective of postcolonial discourse, into the dominant poetic theories in the Philippines today (Garcia). His Slip/pages: Essays in Philippine Gay Criticism in 1998 presents critical essays on homosexuality in the Philippine setting. Other books that talked about homosexuality are Philippine Gay Culture: Binabae to Bakla, Silahis to MSM, a conceptual history and descriptive survey on Filipino male homosexuals, and Closet queeries: Essays, where Garcia attempts to answer questions such as was Rizal gay? or can a person be gay and Catholic? Another book, Myths and Metaphors published in 2002, is a collection of previously published or presented critical and personal essays which look into close attention Garcias exegesis in his poetry writing as well as his personal experiences. One of his latest books, Performing the Self: Occasional Prose, also contains both prose and critical and personal essays. He has garnered several awards for both his poetry and criticism. For Misterios and Other Poems received the National Book Award for Poetry in 2006. He was also Palanca Awardee: third prize for Poetry in 1990 for his Fish Wife and Other Poems and third prize for Essay for Orlando Nadres and the Politics of Homosexual Identity in 1994 (Directory of

Winners). He was also a recipient of the Procyon Prize for Poetry. His Philippine Gay Culture: The Last Thirty Years received the UP Chancellors Award for Outstanding Research in ---. As of late, he had just finished his Fulbright research grant studying Asian-American poetics at the University of California in San Diego (Delegates Neil Garcia).

Works Cited: @J. Neil Garcia. Description. Facebook.com. 2011. Web. 2 June 2011. Award Winning Books. National Book Development Board. 2008. Web. 2 June 2011. Bibliography. J. Neil C. Garcia. Amazon.com. 2011. Web. 2 June 2011. Delegates Neil Garcia. Tabaoan Festival. Dominique Cimafranca. 3 August 2010. Web. 2 June 2011. Directory of Winners. Carlo Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature. Carlo Palanca Memorial Awards. 2010. Web. 1 June 2011. J. Neil C. Garcia. Authors. Panitikan.com. 2005. Web. 1 June 2011. Amazon.com. 2011. Web. 6 June 2011. Garcia, J. Neil C. Myths and Metaphors. Manila: University of Santo Tomas Publishing House, 2002. Print. Garcia, J. Neil C. Postcolonialism and Filipino Poetics. Panitikan.com.ph. Institute of Creative Writing. 2005. Web. 6 June 2011. Villanueva, Jerome. Closet Quivers. Crack Pots Galore. Blogspot.com. 15 December 2004. Blog entry. 6 June 2011.

Caroline S. Hau Caroline Hau took her Bachelors Degree in English Studies in the University of the Philippines in 1990, and in 1998 received her Ph.D. in English Language and Literature in Cornell University in the U.S. She has been an Associate Professor in the Division of SocioCultural Dynamics in Kyoto University. Her research interests include the Philippine Chinese, Pan-Asianism(s) and revolutionary networks and the formation of the so-called East Asia and their cultural flows. She is currently working on two books that address these issues. Aside from her works on literary criticism, she herself has written short stories which had been published in Philippine Free Press, Tulay, and had been included in several anthologies, such as the publication of the University of the Philippines Press 12 Philippine Women Writers in 1994 (About Staff). Though an accomplished writer, she is more well-known for her literary criticisms. In her Necessary Fictions: Philippine Literature and the Nation 1946-1980 published in 2000, it analyzes the connection between nationalist discourse during the time after the Second World War. Her book considers the works of Jose Rizal, Nick Joaquin, Amado V. Hernandez, among others, in a close reading and shows that through literature, nationalism is formed via the questions the literary works make in mediating social change. The book had won the 2000 National Book Awards for Literary Criticism (Award Winning Titles). Her words from this book have been cited in contemporary settings. For instance, during the 2009 controversy of the National Awardees, a blogger gives an analysis of how elitist and as political as any institution an organization as the Order of National Artists are. He quotes Hau on how personal relations and patronage, and even gossip constitute the manner in which the nomination process happens (Salazar). Her second book, On the subject of the nation : Filipino writings from the margins, 19812004, takes a non-canonical literary look (both fiction and nonfiction) in discussing how to build the nation. It is an exegetic look at nation-forming through personal and communal experiences not usually known or even acknowledged by the majority. This also won the National Book Awards for Literary Criticism in 2004 (Award Winning Titles). She also did a study on the socio-political situation of Filipino-Chinese, The Mismanagement of Grief: Kidnapping the Chinese in the Philippines, published in the Public Policy journal of UP. The study shows how the kidnapping situations belie the aim of the Filipino-Chinese, through their group such as KAISA (Kaisa para sa Kaunlaran), which is to appeal to their Filipino-ness and not just focus on their perceived (for some) financial wealth (Garcia). Her short story, The True Story of Ah To, first published in the Philippine Free Press, won second prize in the Free Press Literary Awards in 1997 (Free Press Literary Awards). She has also been an editor. She edited Intsik : an anthology of Chinese Filipino writing, a 2000 publication by Anvil. As the title clearly suggests, the book is a testament to, as Hau pens in the afterword, publicly authenticate the existence of the Chinese in the Philippines (Book Details). F. Sionil Jose considers it a landmark book, as a way of acknowledging and appreciating the diversity our Philippine literature has (Jose). She is also a co-editor of Voices Mga tinig : the best of Tulay with Teresita Ang-See and Joaquin Sy. The book is a collection of the best-made literary pieces in the Tulay journal. She also co-wrote the Introduction for All the Conspirators by Carlos Bulosan, which was first

considered as a lost book, but now established as one of Carlos Bulosans works on fiction (@BookDragon).

Works Cited: @BookDragon. All the Conspirators by Carlos Bulosan, introduction by Caroline S. Hau and Benedict Anderson. Smithsonian Asian Pacific American Program. Wordpress.com. 2011. Web. 5 June 2011. @Salazar, J.O.M. Notes on the 2009 National Artists controversy. Meat and Marginalia. Wordpress.com. 7 August 2009. Blog entry. 2 June 2011. About Staff. Center for Southeast Asian Studies Kyoto University. Center for Southeast Asian Studies. 2011. Web. 2 June 2011. Award Winning Titles. The Ateneo de Manila University Press. Ateneo University Press. 2002. Web. 6 June 2011. Bibliography. Amazon.com. 2011. Web. 2 June 2011. Book Details. Anvil Publishing, Inc. AnvilPublishing.com. 2005. Web. 7 June 2011. Book Info. The Ateneo de Manila University Press. Ateneo University Press. 2002. Web. 7 June 2011. Free Press Literary Awards. awards. Panitikan.com.ph. 2005. Web. 7 June 2011. Garcia, J. Neil C. Contemporary literary criticism in the Philippines: preliminary notes. Panitikan.com.ph. Institute of Creative Writing. 2005. Web. 6 June 2011. Jose, F. Sionil. A rich harvest of books. Hindsight, Sunday Life. The Philippine Star. 27 December 2009. Web. 6 June 2011.

Rolando B. Tolentino Rolando B. Tolentino achieved his baccalaureate degree in Economics and his Masters Degree from De La Salle University (Rolando B. Tolentino). He finished his doctorate degree in Film, Literature and Culture from the University of Southern California. He is part of the faculty in the UP Film Institute and an associate for fiction in the UP Institute for Creative Writing (Rolando B. Tolentino). He is also currently the dean and professor of film (Vibal) at the UP College of Mass Communication (Delegates: Rolando Tolentino). He was a Visiting Professor to Osaka University in Japan and the National University of Singapore (Filmography). He is a founding chair and member of Katha, which is a Filipino fictionists group. From its inception in 1987, it has already produced five fiction anthologies in Filipino. He is also a member of the MPP or Manunuri ng Pelikulang Pilipino, and as of late he is currently its president (Filmography). He is a member as well of CONTEND-UP or Congress of Teachers and Educators for Nationalism and Democracy, which is an organization of educators committed to uphold the dignity and rights of teachers (as well as students) through activism. He has been a lecturer on Philippine film; one of which is in coordination with the National University of Singapore and UP Film Institute on November 24, 2006, where he delivered a paper entitled Piracy and Its Regulation: Filipinos Historical Response to Globalization, which discusses a historical and critical account of piracy in the Philippines, particularly with the Muslims taking their part in this issue (@Sara Jane). He contributes to the online journal Criticine, which aims to improve the discourse on Southeast Asian cinema (Vibal). Another online publication he contributes in is with Pinoy Weekly and Bulatlat, where he has a column (Filmography). He is also the author of a six-part book series that give critical analyses to various popular culture topics. Published by Anvil in 2004, they are: Lalaking pin-up, GRO, at macho dancer, Paghahanap ng virtual na identidad, Kulturang mall, Ang bago, bawal, at kasalukuyan, Si Darna, ang Mahal na Birhen ng Penafrancia, at si Pepsi Paloma and Disaster, droga, at skin whitener. He was a co-editor in some of Kathas anthologies, namely: Habilin: Antolohiya ng Katha Para sa Pambansang Kasarinlan in 1991, Engkwentro: Kalipunan ng mga Akda ng Kabataang Manunulat in 1990, Relasyon: Mga Kwuwento ng Paglusong at Pag-ahon in 1999 and Kuwentong Siyudad in 2002. He edited the Geopolitics of the Visible: Essays on Philippine Film Cultures of 2000, an anthology of essays on Philippine cinema. He also wrote National/Transnational: Subject Formation, Media and Cultural Politics in and on the Philippines, an Ateneo Press publication of 2001. It discusses how media changes and manipulates representations and technology in cultural politics. Another Ateneo Press publication is Sipat Kultura: Tungo sa Mapagpalayang Pagbabasa, Pag-aaral at Pagtuturo ng Panitikan, which is an analysis into the social, historical and modern transformation of Philippine literature. It does not only critiques epics and modern, but takes a look into the literature of the diaspora as well (Book Info). He has also written critical essays on several Philippine movies such as Noy (2010), Babae sa Breakwater (2003) and Ang Mundo sa Panahon ng Yelo (2010), with his Panalo, Patalo: Sugal ng Buhay sa Kapalaran at Eleksyon and Kamatayan at Nihilismo bilang Tangkang Subersyon, respectively (Filmography).

He has edited fiction as well. Among them are Sakit ng kalingkingan : 100 dagli sa edad ng krisis, published in 2005; Sapinsaping Pag-Ibig at Pagtangis: Tatlong Novella Ng Pagsinta't Paghihinagpis, published in 1999 and both by the University of the Philippines Press. DLSU Press published Fastfood, Megamall at iba pang kwento sa pagsasara ng ikalawang milenyum in 1999 while Ali*bang+Bang atpb. Kwento was published in 1994 by Anvil (Rolando B. Tolentino). With these and more, he was a recipient of various awards. He was able to finish his Ph.D. due to a Fulbright grant from August 1993 to May 1997. He was the recipient of Artist 2 of the UP Artist Productivity Awards from 2009 to 2011 and the UP Press Centennial Publication Award in 2008. His Sipat-Kultura received the National Book Award for Literary Criticism in 2008 and his Geopolitics of the Visible: Essays on Philippine Film Cultures received Best Arts Book, Gintong Aklat in 2002. In 2001, he got the Writers Prize in the National Commission for Culture and the Arts, the Manila Critics Circle Award for Best Film Criticism Book and Gawad Chancellor for Best Literary Work. He achieved the UP International Publication Award not just once but five times in 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, and 2009 (---). He also received the Carlos Palanca Awards for his essays: second prize for Ang Birhen ng Penafrancia at South Border in 1998, third prize for Bodies, Letters, Catalogues; Filipinas in Transnational Space in 1994, and second prize for Ang Mito ng Pagkalalaki ni Richard Gomez in 1991 (Directory of Winners)

Works Cited: @redhotchiligirl. Dalawang Dagli (ni Rolando Tolentino). All for the masses! Wordpress.com. 5 September 2006. Blog entry. 2 June 2011. @Sara Jane. Asian Edition: A Conference on Media Piracy. Galateas favourite sky. Wordpress.com. 22 November 2006. Blog entry. 2 June 2011. Delegates: Rolando Tolentino. Taboan Festival. Taboan 2011. 4 August 2010. Web. 2 June 2011. Filmography. Manunuri ng Pelikulang Pilipino (MPP). 2011. Web. 2 June 2011. Rolando B. Tolentino. Authors. Panitikan.com. 2005. Web. 1 June 2011. Rolando B. Tolentino. Authors. Vibal Foundation. 2011. Web. 1 June 2011. Tolentino, Rolando B. (ed.) About the Editor. Writing to the Future: Poetika at Politika ng Malikhaing Pagsulat. Quezon City: Likhaan, UP Institute of Creative Writing, 2008. Print. Book Info. Ateneo de Manila University Press. Ateneo University Press. 2002. Web 1 June 2011. Tolentino, Rolando B. Curriculum Vitae. Web. 7 June 2011. < http://www.upd.edu.ph/~updinfo/octnovdec08/articles/RBTolentiono_CV_highlights.pdf
>.

Directory of Winners. Carlo Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature. Carlo Palanca Memorial Awards. 2010. Web. 1 June 2011.