Taoism

Great Chinese -religion developed fromForm

Taoist
Important Literary
Philosophers philosophy
Lao Tzu -stresses freedom from desires,
Kung Fu-Tze simplicity
1. Drama- of lifestyle,
Chinese and
plays
resemble European
understanding the way opera-
of the
Great Chinese Poets combining singing and dancing
universe
with dialogue
Tao: means Path or Way
Wang-Wei 2. Fiction
-referred to the force that controlled
Li-Po
To-Fu
the universe
Po-Chu-I
 Modern Chinese Literature Cultural Revolution
Taoism
(1966-1976)
- developed after 1800’s when --religion developed
All intellectuals werefrom Taoist
persecuted
European missionaries and traders - Political and social themes
philosophy
travelled to China dominated the published works
- gradually exposed to Western -stresses freedom from desires,
- -writers
simplicitywrite
ofworks that and
lifestyle, criticized
culture the government
- In 1949, Chinese communists came understanding the way of the
to power after a long civil war …1989-
universe
- Ordered writers to create words that
- Students and writers demanded
could be easily understood by Tao: means Path or Wayagainst,
greater democracy, rallied
peasants, soldiers and workers -referred
and to thearrested
were force that controlled
- Chinesethewriters
universe
who live in Taiwan,
Hong Kong, Singapore, US had
more artistic freedom

Lao Tzu
-father of Taoism
Taoism- religion developed from
Taoist philosophy
His works: Tao Te Ching
meaning: Way and its Power
-contains Lao Tzu’s words of
wisdom
Taoism
-religion developed from Taoist
philosophy
-stresses freedom from desires,
simplicity of lifestyle, and
understanding the way of the
universe
Tao: means Path or Way
-referred to the force that controlled
the universe
 Confucius Confucianism
-the great man China has produced
- A system of beliefs
His works: The Analects observed by most
-compiled by his followers long after Chinese
his death - -concerned with
-emphasized the importance of moral moral behavior
conduct
-taught his followers to become
gentlemen, by which he meant morally
and spiritually superior men
-contain truth about social relations
between and among family members
or friends
 WATER
Lao Tzu
The best of men is like water: In his words, he loves sincerity;
Water benefits all things In government, he loves peace;
And does not compete with them. In business affairs, he loves ability;
It dwells in the lowly places that In his actions, he loves
all disdain, choosing the right time;
Wherein if comes near to the Tao. It is because he does not contend
In his dwelling, That he is without reproach.
he loves the lowly earth;
In his relations with others,
he loves kindness;
THE CONFUCIAN ANALECTS
 CONFUCIUS
KUNG FU-TZE: RESPECTED MASTER KUNG
 CONFUCIAN ANALECTS (LUNYU)
Regarded as repositories of
Refer the student to knowledge on how the empire
appropriate staff members has been governed

Emperor Wu (of Han Dynasty) declared How the Chinese government system
Confucianism as official doctrine of the state and society should be orfered

Assumed enormous
One of the many philosophical works that embodied
importance
the teachings of early Chinese thought

a brief collection of aphorisms

The Analects of and historical anecdote
Confucius
Played a key role in the development of other countries that where
within the Chinese cultural sphere like Korea, Japan, Vietnam

Shaped the thought and customs of China; treated as a beginning

text in the study of Classical Chinese to be committed to memory
 Terminologies
Dao – The Way
• Path or way
Junzi – lord’s child • Method of doing things
• Refers to the characteristics of
• Offispring of the ruling elite
peaceful, benevolent, and
• Gentleman, superior man, noble
culturally distinguished
man
government particularly of the
• (modified meaning) someone
Zhou Dynasty
whose moral standards and
superior understanding entitled Sheng - sages
him, if not the actual rulership, at
least to high position under a • Ideal rulers of the past
hereditary ruler
SHI
Lowest level of aristocracy
• Confucius class
 Terminologies
TIAN
• Heaven or sky
REN
• Humane or Humaness
• Benevolence
• Supreme Virtue
• The Good

XIAO

• Filial obedience or devotion

SHI
Lowest level of aristocracy
 The Five Classics
(form the foundation of the Chinese cultural, political, and traditional life)
THE SPRING AND 1
AUTUMN ANNALS
-chronicle of the state
of Lu (where Kong was born)

THE BOOK
5 OF CHANGES BOOK OF RITES 2
a collection of texts on
rituals

4 THE BOOK OF
BOOK OF 3
HISTORY
ODES
The Master said, “ A gentleman when
Book 1
he eats doesn’t try to stuff himself,
when he chooses a dwelling, he is
not overly concerned about comfort.
He is attentive to affairs, careful of
his words, and looks to those who
have the Way to correct himself. He’s
the kind who can be called a lover of
learning.
4 Master Zeng said, “Each
day I examine myself on
three matters. In making
plans for others, am I
being loyal to them? In my
dealings with friends, am I
being trustworthy? Am I
passing on to others what I
have not carefully thought
about myself?
1 The Master said, “Studying, and from
time to time going over what you have
learned- that’s enjoyable, isnt it? To have
a friend come from a long way off- that’s
a pleasure, isn’t? Others don’t
understand him, but he doesn’t resent it
– that’s the true gentleman, isn’t it?
Master Zeng said, “Tend
carefully to death rites, and
pay reverence to those to
those long departed, and the
people will, in the end be rich
in virtue”
The Master said, “Don’t
worry about whether other
people understand you.
Worry about whether you
understand other people”
 ATTITUDE
FILIAL PIETY
Meng Yi Zi asked about filial devotion.
The Master replied, “ Never break the
rules.
When Fan Chi was driving the
carriage, the Master reported this to
him, saying, Meng Sun (Meng Yi Zi)
asked me about filial devotion. I told
him, Never break the rules.
The master said, “ Young people
should be filial at home, brotherly
with others, circumspect, and
trustworthy. Let them act kindly
toward the populace in general
and befriend those of humane
character. If after that, they have
energy left over, let them study the
arts.”
FILIAL
DEVOTION

Fan Chi said, What did you mean by

that?
The Master said, “ While they are alive,
serve them according to ritual, When
they die, bury them according to ritual,
and sacrifice to them in accord with
ritual.”
The Master said, Learning without thought is
pointless. Thought without learning is dangerous. o

t
The Master said, Hear the Way in the morning, and it
won’t matter if you die that evening.
The Master said, With regard to worldly affairs, the
gentleman has no strong likes and no strong
dislikes—he sides with what is right.

The Master said, The gentleman desires to be

hesitant in speech but prompt in action.
 Make a Text to Self-connection
Connect to the text through experience. This is
another comprehension strategy we want children to use
as they become proficient in reading.

Questions
After you read a book, ask questions to the child.

Rhyming Books
Rhyming is part of Phonemic awareness. It’s the ability to
hear, identify and manipulate sounds in the language.
Book 2

4 The Master said, At fifteen I set my mind on

learning; by thirty I had found my footing; at
forty I was free of perplexities; by fifty I
understood the will of Heaven; by sixty I
learned to give ear to others; by seventy I
could follow my heart’s desires without
overstepping the line.