Engaging Activities

ACTIVITY 3.1
For the following compounds, determine the molar mass. Write the units!

1. Water (H2O)

2(1.008 amu) + (16.00 amu)

= 18. 02 amu
= 18.02 g.

2. carbon dioxide, CO2

(12. 01 amu) + 2 (16.00 amu)
= 44.01 amu
= 44.01 g

3. sodium chloride, NaCl

(22.99 amu) + (35.45 amu)
= 58.44 amu
= 58.44 g

4. calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2

= (40.08 amu) + 2 (16.00 amu) + 2 (1.008 amu)
= 74.10 amu
= 74.10 g

5. potassium permanganate (KMnO4)

(39.10 amu) + (54.94 amu) + 4 (16.00 amu)
= 158.04 amu
= 158.04 g

ACTIVITY 3.2
Find the percent compositions of the elements in the following compounds.
1. CuBr2 2. NaOH 3. (NH4)2S 4. N2S5

1. Cu = 1 x 63.55 g/mol = 63.55 g/mol

Br = 2 x 79.90 g/mol = 159.8 g/mol
= 223.35 g/mol

Mass % of Cu = (63.55 g/mol)/(223.35 g/mol) x 100

= 28.45%
Mass % of Br = (2 x 79.90 g/mol)/(223.35 g/mol) x 100
= (159.8 g/mol)/(223.35 g/mol) x 100
= 71.55%
2. Na = 1 x 22.99 g/mol = 22.99 g/mol
O = 1 x 16.00 g/mol = 16.00 g/mol
H = 1 x 1.008 g/mol = 1.01 g/mol
= 40.00 g/mol

Mass % of Na = (22.99 g/mol)/( 40.00 g/mol) x 100

= 57.45%
Mass % of O = (16.00 g/mol)/( 40.00 g/mol) x 100
= 40.00%
Mass % of H = (1.01 g/mol)/( 40.00 g/mol) x 100
= 2.55%

N = 2 x 14.01 g/mol = 28.02 g/mol

H4 = 2 x 4.04 g/mol = 8.08 g/mol
S = 1 x 32.07 g/mol = 32.07 g/mol
= 68.17 g/mol

Mass % of N = (2 x 14.01 g/mol)/( 68.17 g/mol) x 100

= (28.02 g/mol)/( 68.17 g/mol) x 100
= 41.10 %
Mass % of H4 = (2 x 4.04 g/mol)/( 68.17 g/mol) x 100
= (8.08 g/mol)/( 68.17 g/mol) x 100
= 11.86 %
Mass % of S = (2 x 4.04 g/mol)/( 68.17 g/mol) x 100
= (32.07 g/mol)/( 68.17 g/mol) x 100
= 47.04 %

3. N = 2 x 14.01 g/mol = 28.02 g/mol

S = 5 x 32.07 g/mol = 160.35 g/mol
= 188.37 g/mol

Mass % of N = (2 x 14.01 g/mol)/( 188.37 g/mol) x 100

= (28.02 g/mol)/( 188.37 g/mol) x 100
= 14.87%
Mass % of S = (5 x 32.07 g/mol)/( 188.37 g/mol) x 100
= (160.35 g/mol)/( 188.37 g/mol) x 100
= 85.13%