How to write body paragraph

and concluding paragraph

By: Farez Taib
Let’s warm up a bit!
NAME: PRAVEEN A/L RAGUPATHY
MATRICS NUMBER: 3213001131
 Discuss these questions.
Try to give the name of the place. Where do you go when you need ….?
1. a bunch of flowers …. Florist
2. a table, chairs, a wardrobe …. Furniture shop
3. to have your clothes cleaned …. Dry cleaner
4. to have your hair cut/done (men) …. Barber
5. to have your hair cut/done (women) …. Hairdresser
6. to send a letter or buy a stamp …. Post office
7. to take money, cash a cheque …. Bank
8. bread, rolls, cakes …. Bakery
9. newspaper, magazines …. Newsagent
10. a ring, a necklace, a bracelet …. Jewellery shop

Hairdresser furniture shop bank Bakery newsagent

dry cleaner florist post office Barber jewellery shop
Fill in the table below and feel free to add any
other factors that you think is important for you
before you decide to purchase something.
A pair of A pair of A bar of A
shoes jeans chocolate handphone
Most important ✔️
factor
2nd most important ✔️
factor
3rd most important ✔️
factor
4th most important ✔️
factor
 Look at the article “Hooked on
Shopping”. Skim and scan the article for
main ideas and complete the outline
below. Some details have been filled in
for you.
 Hooked on Shopping
Over the years, shopping has become a very common activity. Many
people enjoy going to malls or stores more and more everyday, but it's
more than a common hobby for some of them. They have turned into
shopaholics. Shopaholics, also called compulsive spenders, are people
like any addicted people who are hooked on something. They are
hooked on shopping. They simply enjoy shopping and walking around
spending money without being able to stop doing it. Even though they
don't have enough money, they buy everything they want, even things
they do not need.
 Hooked on Shopping (con’t)
We are used to thinking that women enjoy shopping more than men;
but according to some studies, that's not true. They too can be
shopaholics but the items they buy are different from what women
buy. Men usually buy big items while women spend their money on
clothes, cosmetics, decorations for their houses, or things for family.
However, the reasons for their shopping spree are quite similar for both
genders.
 Hooked on Shopping (con’t)
There isn't a specific answer as to why people become shopaholics.
Some people go shopping when they are sad, worried, upset or lonely
and they want to feel better. They use this activity as a way to forget
their problems. Shopholics say that they feel more important and
better after they buy something. They also tend to have this addiction
when they feel guilty. For example, a husband might buy very
expensive presents for his family to try to make up for his lack of love
for them. Some others like shopping because they feel they have power
and control. They can get whatever they want. This is especially true for
men or those who feel they lack power in other areas of their lives.
 Hooked on Shopping (con’t)
Though on the surface shopaholism seems to be a harmless addiction,
the fact is it can cause many problems. Some of them can be
psychological; it causes these shopaholics to have inner conflicts due to
their inability to control their shopping habit. In that case, people
addicted to shopping should go to a support group or learn about
behavior therapies to help them break this habit. Unfortunately, the
recovery process, like for most addictions, can be long, and they suffer
a lot along the way. Shopaholism can also cause financial problems.
These are very harmful because they don't even worry if they have
enough money to afford what they want. They just think about
satisfying their feelings, so they spend money they don't have. They get
deep in debt, and they can even go bankrupt and get sent to jail.
 Hooked on Shopping (con’t)
In conclusion, if you are a person who enjoys shopping, be careful. Try
to control yourself. The power of the mind is great, and if you make a
few efforts, you will be able to avoid this addiction. Next time you go
shopping, stop a second and think about it. Examine your shopping
habits. Later might be too late.
 Now that you have identified the main
ideas, try to spot the elaborations on some
of the causes and effects of being a
shopaholic. Some details have been filled in
for you. You can try to include the examples
as well.
Causes and effects of being a shopaholic.
CAUSES EFFECTS

1. Some people go shopping when they are sad, 1. Psychological (e.g. inner conflicts due to their
worried upset or lonely. (e.g. They shop as a way to inability to control their shopping habit.)
forget their problems)

2. They feel more important and better after they 2. Financial problem (e.g. They don't even worry if
buy something. (e.g. , a husband might buy very they have enough money to afford what they want.)
expensive presents for his family to try to make up
for his lack of love for them)

3. They simply enjoy shopping and walking around

spending money without being able to stop doing it Even though they don't have enough money, they buy
everything they want, even things they do not need.
Producing topic sentences and concluding
sentences of a body paragraph
• A paragraph is a group of sentences that develops one main idea. The
main idea is stated in one sentence. This sentence is called a TOPIC
SENTENCE. The topic sentence gives the general idea (summary) of
the paragraph. The other sentences help to develop the topic
sentence. They are called SUPPORTING SENTENCES/SUPPORTING
DETAILS. The main ideas have been given for you. Write the topic
sentence and supporting details in complete sentences. If you feel
you can add more main ideas, feel free to do so!
Body paragraph and supporting details

TOPIC SENTENCE

SUPPORTING SENTENCES

Unappetising food food selection by vendors never changes

food presentation very dull and not attractive
food too salty or too sweet
What is main idea or topic sentence?
• The main idea is the most important idea in a paragraph or passage. It
tells you the purpose and the direction of the paragraph or passage.
• It is most often found in the first sentence of the paragraph. However,
the main idea may be found in any sentence of the paragraph as well.

It is often said that all boys are more intelligent than girls, but this
isn't true. The statistics have shown that girls are scoring more in the
examinations than boys, and this is happening in both secondary and
tertiary education.
What is main idea or topic sentence?(con’t)

• Look at the first sentence. Notice that the first sentence tells
us what the paragraph is about. This is the main idea. The
following sentence only supports the idea stated in the first
sentence, and it is called supporting ideas.
 Now, based on the following
main ideas, write supporting
details to create a paragraph for
each topic sentence.
Shopping malls are noisy during peak hours.
Supporting details:
• Shopping malls are noisy during peak hours because it is packed with many
people who are unable to tone down their voices.
• Shopping malls are usually playing loud music to attract people’s attention.
• Also, shopping malls are noisy during peak hours is because of salesman
who are loudly promoting their products.
• In addition, shopping malls have atriums which are usually large and
extremely reverberant.
• Shopping malls are often filled with families that have babies and babies
are usually crying loudly.
Most people prefer to park inside of the
malls.
Supporting details:
• Most people prefer to park inside of the malls is because they want to
protect their cars from bad weather. Such as, heavy rain, strong wind and
snow
• Parking inside of the malls will less likely to have theft since it is guarded by
security.
• It is also to protect vehicles from the extreme temperature which it can
also lead to deterioration.
• Besides that, parking inside the mall can protect your car from scratches or
dents. For example, a tree branch just might fall onto your car if you park
below a tree.
• Parking inside of the mall can protect your car from UV rays damage by
fading your car’s paint.
Most shopping malls are convenient.
Supporting details:
• Most shopping malls are convenient because they provide you with their
own parking facility.
• Shopping malls also have a vast variety of products to choose from in one
place.
• Shopping malls have many variety of foods to pick from in a food court.
• In addition, you are able to compare the prices in a shopping mall since
there are many competing producers in one place.
• Moreover, shopping malls usually have customer service which helps
people to solve their problem regarding the store or to find their way to
the store.
Concluding sentence of a body paragraph
• Next, in order to complete a body paragraph, the writer needs to write A
CONCLUDING SENTENCE. A concluding sentence signals that the writer has
completed what he wants to say and to leave in a readers’ mind a final
statement of the paragraph’s main idea. Below are some of the tips and
suggestions to produce effective concluding sentences.
• A concluding sentence should restate the main idea and make the readers
feel that the paragraph is complete.

Example: (Topic sentence) – Shopping is one of the ways to reduce stress.

(Concluding sentence) – Hence, shopping has proven as one of the
remedies to reduce stress. After all, shopping may help people to reduce
stress.
 Make sure that the concluding sentence
does not introduce another subject that is
not covered by the main idea of the
paragraph. This is because, introducing
another subject which is not covered by the
paragraph, will confuse the reader and
weaken the ending.
Try to produce effective concluding
sentences from the exercise below. (Answers
may vary)
E-shopping or online shopping simply means shopping via the Internet.
As an example, the integrated online shopping-cart system that allows
its user to order directly over the Web. Then, there is an online
shopping-cart system that allows the user to generate an order form to
be sent to the merchant via fax or snail-nail.

Concluding sentences
In a nutshell, online shopping means shopping through the internet.
And what we know is that, there is an online shopping-cart system that
lets the user to generate an order form be sent to the merchant
through fax or even snail-nail.
To make e-shopping safer, here are some tips: First, choose e-shopping sites
that are well-known or provide trusted services like Amazon.com,
Lazada.com and Zalora.com as these sites "put their name on the line".
When in doubt, always check out the merchant websites. Contact someone
there who can verify the company's privacy policy for you before making a
purchase. Ask if they can send you a catalogue. If they do not list their phone
numbers and only have an e-mail address, you have to be careful.
Concluding sentences
In conclusion, there are several ways to make e-shopping safer which are
choosing well-known e-shopping sites. Moreover, when in doubt always
check out merchant websites. Furthermore, contact someone there who can
verify the company’s privacy policy for you before making an order. Last but
not least, ask if they can sent you a catalogue. Better safe than sorry.
Concluding paragraph
• Do not add any new main ideas.
• Restate back your thesis statement and elaborations from your body
paragraph
• The writer may include his or her final take on the topic. This is
especially after writing a compare and contrast essay.
• The writer may include suggestions or recommendations
• The writer may end the essay with a rhetoric question for the reader
to ponder. But whatever it is, the question has to be related to the
topic.
That is all for today
Ta ta