Grub is boot loader for your linux file system

kernel execute \sbin\init program

uname: to display system information, use the uname command.

Displays the operating system name as well as the system node name, operating
system release,
operating system version, hardware name, and processor type.

We can also create nested directories in a single command using the -p option.

[babai@kdas-laptop ~]$ mkdir -p dir1/dir2/dir3

We use the cp command to copy a file in the Linux shell.

To copy a folder with its contents recursively use the cp command with the -r flag.

We use the cp file_to_copy new_location format. In the example below, we are

copying the hello.txt to hello2.txt.
$ cp hello.txt hello2.txt

Using > to redirect output to a file

We can use > to redirect the output of one command to a file, if the file exists
this will remove the old content and only keep the input.
We can use >> to append to a file, means it will keep all the old content, and it
will add the new input to the end of the file.

Boot loader

BOOT loader is a small program stored in ROM that loads the kernel from the
storage

kernel is the core of the o.s. all the component rely on it. it manages all the
file system access,memory ,proceesses,devices and resource allocation on the system
kernel tend to divide software running in memory in to two spaces kernel space and
user space kernel space is simply where kernel exexute the services

kernel is types of kernel

monolethic krenel
microkernal
monolithic kernel usses more space and can interact quickly with devices

PROCESSES ARE THE PROGRAM THAT RUN ON THE MACHINE

System: System processes are run under this user.

User: The account that general users login to by typing the username and password.
Root: A special user that has unrestricted privilege over every part of the system.

Attribute File Type

- Regular File
d Directory
l Symbolic link
s Socket
p Pipe
c Character device file
b Block file

The term is also used to test and determine how fast a data signal travels from one
place, like a computer,
to another,
like a website. Ping is also used to troubleshoot and test connectivity and
determine response time.

abrar54407542@gmail.com

https://qirolab.com/posts/ubuntu-installation-step-by-step-guide-with-disk-
partitioning\

https://ostechnix.com/change-priority-process-linux/