Unit 8 OUR WORLD HERITAGE SITES

A. PRONUNCIATION
1. Choose the word that has a different stress pattern from the other three by circling A, B, C or D.
1. A. assignment B. heritage C. discussion D. forgetful
2. A. suggest B. useful C. because D. agree
3. A. interested B. attraction C. proposal D. coherence
4. A. history B. prestigious C. president D. scholarship
5. A. dynasty B. illegal C. tradition D. musician
6. A. recognition B. disagreement C. scientific D. responsible
7. A. behavior B. individual C. criteria D. accordingly
8. A. survey B. damage C. museum D. rainfall
9. A. correct B. respect C. landscape D. expand
10. A. effectiveness B. residential C. complexity D. traditional
2. Practice saying the following sentences with a partner. Pay attention to the rise-fall in the
questions.
1. A: Would you like to see a natural or cultural site?
B: I want to see a natural site.
2. A: Do you enjoy cooking at home or eating out at weekend?
B: I prefer eating out at weekend.
3. A: Do you want to live in an urban area or in the countryside?
B: In the countryside.
4. A: Which skirt do you prefer for the party? The red one or the green one?
B: I prefer the green one.
5. A: Which sport can you play better? Football or table-tennis?
B: I can play table-tennis better.
6. A: Is Ngu Binh Primary School a public or private school?
B: It is a public school.
7. A: Which gift do you wish to receive on your forthcoming birthday? A new bicycle or a new
calculator?
B: A new bicycle.
8. A: Which leisure activity do you often do when you have free time? Walking in the park or playing a
musical instrument?
B: Playing a musical instrument. 
9. A: Which city do you intend to visit this summer? Nha Trang or Da Lat?
B: Da Lat.
10. A: In the future, do you expect to become a teacher or a doctor?
B: A doctor.
B. VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR
1. Match the words in column A with their correct definition in column B.
 A B
1. Subsequent (adj) a. the state of being destroyed
2. Expand (v) b. become bigger in size
3. Palace (n) c. the plan of a trip
4. Breathtaking (adj) d. expensive things
5. Itinerary (n) e. coming after an event
6. Luxury (n) f. a large building of a royal family
7. Abundant (adj) g. very impressive
8. Hospitable (adj) h. generous towards guests
9. Ruins (n) i. in large quantities
10. Archaeology (n) k. the study of ancient people (e.g. tools, bones)

2. Complete the following sentences by circling the best choice (A, B, C or D).
1. The closing ________ of the opera The Sleeping Beauty ended in a big round of applause of the
audience.
A. scene B. scenery C. site D. sight
2. To the public's amazement, the ________ has reaped great results beyond expectation.
A. exploration B. explore C. archeology D. geology
3. Hoi An is a/an ________ town in the middle of Vietnam.
A. antique B. dynastic C. traditional D. ancient
4. In the museum, the masterpiece is now being perfectly ________ for exhibition.
A. explored B. preserved C. kept D. maintained
5. Visiting Paris is a good opportunity for you to enjoy the French ________.
A. architect B. monuments C. architecture D. empire
6. The field of study related to the structure of the Earth is called ________.
A. geology B. archeology C. ecology D. economy
7. In the American Studies Course today, we have the chance to explore the Native American culture and
________.
A. dynasty B. behavior C. tradition D. living standard
8. Despite the severe earthquakes, the monument still remains ________ and attracts several visitors
every day.
A. intact B. damaged C. expensive D. protected
9. The whole apartment was ________ by the government and a new playground is planned to be re-
developed on this site.
A. pulled B. demolished C. excavated D. rebuilt
10. The resort ________ a picturesque river during the sunset.
A. overlooks B. overviews C. looks over D. sees over
3. Match the words in column A with the words in column B to form commonly used phrases.
 A B
1. Prestigious a. excavations
2. Breathtaking b. trip
3. harmonious c. sanctuary
4. Geological d. pattern
5. Scenic e. and fauna
6. Archaeological f. landscape complex
7. Underground g. school
8. Flora h. view
9. Mosaic i. blending
10. River l. stream
11. Field k. site
12. Tourist m. attraction

4. Fill in the missing words from the word bank. You may have to change the form of the words.
ecological history archaeological outstanding
endangered vary roughly added
World Heritage site is any of (1) ________ areas or objects inscribed on the United Nations
Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization World Heritage List. The sites are marked as having (2)
________ universal value under the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and
Natural Heritage.
There are three types of sites: cultural, natural, and mixed. Cultural heritage sites include hundreds
of (3) ________ buildings and town sites, important (4) ________ sites, and monumental sculpture or
painting works. Natural heritage sites are restricted to those natural areas that furnish great examples of
Earth's record of life or its geologic processes, provide excellent examples of ongoing (5) ________ and
biological evolutionary processes, contain natural phenomena that are rare, unique, superlative, or of
untold beauty, or furnish habitats for rare or (6) ________ animals or plants or are sites of exceptional
biodiversity. Mixed heritage sites contain elements of both natural and cultural significance. The ratio of
cultural to natural sites on the World Heritage List is (7) ________ three to one. Several new sites are (8)
________ to the list at the middle of each year (until 2002, sites were added in December).
(Text adapted from https://www.britannica. com/topic/World-Heritage-site)
5. Supply the correct form of the words provided in the below paragraph.
KENYA
Kenya, a country in East Africa, is famous for its (1) ________ (SCENE) landscapes and vast
wildlife (2) ________ (PRESERVATION). Its Indian Ocean coast provided (3) ________ (HISTORY)
important ports by which goods from Arabian and Asian (4) ________ (TRADE) have entered the
continent for many centuries. Along that coast, which holds some of the finest beaches in Africa, are (5)
________ (DOMINATE) Muslim Swahili cities such as Mombasa, a historic center that has contributed
much to the (6) ________ (MUSIC) and culinary heritage of the country. Inland are populous highlands
famed for both tea plantations, an (7) ________ (ECONOMY) staple during the British colonial era, their
(8) ________ (VARY) of animal species, including lions, elephants, cheetahs, rhinoceroses, and
hippopotamuses. Kenya's (9) ________ (WEST) provinces, marked by lakes and rivers, are forested,
while a small portion of the north is desert and semi-desert. The country's (10) ________ (DIVERSITY)
wildlife and panoramic geography draw large numbers of (11) ________ (EUROPE) and North American
visitors, and tourism is an important (12) ________ (CONTRIBUTE) to Kenya's economy.
(Text adapted from https://www.britannica. com/place/Kenya)
6. Read the passage and complete each gap with one suitable word beginning with the letter
provided.
HOI AN ANCIENT TOWN
Hoi An Ancient Town has retained its original form and function as an (1) o________ example of a
well-preserved traditional South East Asian trading port and commercial centre. It remains complete as a
homogenous (2) c________ of traditional wooden buildings, with the original organically developed
street plan, within the town’s original river/seacoast setting.
These original cultural and (3) h________ features demonstrate the town’s outstanding universal
value, and are present, well-preserved, and evident within the boundary of the inscribed property, even
while it continues to be occupied and function as a trading port, as well as a (4) p________ tourism
destination. As a result of the (5) e________ stagnation since the 19th century, it has not suffered from
development and there has not been pressure to replace the older wooden buildings with new ones in
modern materials. This has ensured that the town has retained its traditional urban tissue and is preserved
in a remarkably (6) i________ state.
(Text adapted from http://whc.unesco. org/en/list/948)
7. Complete the blanks with the best answer by circling A, B, C or D.
1. Hillary and Norgay were the first ________ Everest.
A. to climb B. climbing C. climbed D. climb
2. The police ________ the crime are looking for the murderer.
A. investigated B. investigating C. investigation D. to investigate
3. I was awakened by a bell ________.
A. ring B. rung C. ringing D. to ring
4. The tourist agency sent me some pamphlets ________ the information about the destinations of my
upcoming trip.
A. containing B. contained C. to be contained D. contain
5. The skyscraper unluckily ________ in the terrorism recently is now being re-built.
A. demolish B. to be demolished C. demolishing D. demolished
6. There was no one in the room except for a lady ________ by the window ________ a newspaper.
A. standing/reading B. stood/reading
C. standing/read D. stood/read
7. The girl ________ in the explosion at the city center last weekend is reported to be still at hospital.
A. being wounded B. wounded C. wound D. to wound
8. Who is the young lady ________ pictures over there?
A. being taken B. taken C. took D. taking
9. At the junction, there is a road sign ________ of the danger of unexpected animals crossing.
A. warning B. warned C. warn D. warns
10. The first TV commercial in Britain, ________ in 1955, was for toothpaste.
A. broadcasting B. broadcast
C. which broadcasts D. was broadcast
2. Choose the one word or phrase (A, B, C or D) that would not be appropriate.
1. Have you ever been to Bai Dinh Pagoda lie between a half-mountain and a half-plain area?
A B C D
2. The last person leaves the room has to turn off the lights and fans.
A B C D
3. Tom was the only student come to class after the five-day flood.
A B C D
4. Who was the first Vietnamese man fly to the moon?
A B C D
5. That man is the oldest person be nominated as the president of the organization.
A B C D
6. Any online applications submitting after the deadline will not be put into consideration.
A B C D
7. Yesterday, I received an official letter announce that I had been awarded a scholarship to study abroad.
A B C D
8. People have no cars usually find it difficult to shop around these out-of-town stores.
A B C D
9. Who was the man impressed you the most in the party last night?
A B C D
10.I dream of owning a small house overlooked a peaceful river.
A B C D
9. Complete each sentence with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
a. If you feel tired of the crowded busy life in Hanoi with millions of people (1) ________ (RIDE)
motorbikes every day in the street, then Halong Bay is an ideal place for you. Halong Bay is a UNESCO
World Heritage Site (2) ________ (ENCOMPASS) 1,500 square kilometers of water, (3) ________
(FILL) with thousands of uninhabited limestone islands.
(Adapted from https://www.theguardian. com/travel/2016/feb/25)
b. A visit to Hoi An - an ancient town (4)________(RECOGNIZE) as a UNESCO World Heritage
Site in 1999 - is a sure cultural highlight of any tour in Vietnam. Hoi An, (5) ________(LIE) on the north
bank near the mouth of Thu Bon River, is located in Vietnam's central Quang Nam Province. From the
16th to the 18th century, the city was Vietnam's most important port and trading post, particularly of
ceramics with nearby China. Today it is a quaint old town of some 844 structures (6) ________
(PROTECT) as historical landmarks, and the unique influence of Chinese and Japanese traders (7)
________ (SETTLE) here a long time ago can still be felt. It's a picturesque town, small enough to cover
easily on foot, with lots of good shops to discover.
(Text adapted from https://www.frommers. com/destinations/hoi-an)
 c. Hue's Imperial City was built by Emperor Gia Long (8) ________ (BEGIN) in 1804 for the
1
exclusive use of the emperor and his household. The Imperial City is a square 2km ( 1 1 1/ 4 mile) wall
4
7m (23 ft.) high and 20m (66 ft.) thick, with 10 gates. Although the complex was constructed by a French
military architect, it was actually the French (9) ________ (DESTROY) it many years later. Get a ticket
and enter the main entrance to the Imperial City through the southwest gate, the Ngo Mon, more often
(10) ________ (CALL) the Noon Gate.
(Text adapted from https://www.frommers. com/destinations/hue/attractions)
C. READING
1. Read the text and answer the questions below.
World's largest cave in Vietnam threatened by cable car
Vietnamese are protesting plans to build a cable car through remote Phong Nha-Ke Bang national
park that could carry 1,000 visitors an hour to Son Doong cave.
Plans for a cable car in Phong Nha - Ke Bang national park (Vietnam) would open up the world's largest
cave to mass tourism. However, Vietnamese people are protesting the project, and experts warn the
environmental impact could be devastating.

Quang Binh province announced in October that the resort developer Sun Group would build a
$212m (£13 5m) cable car system through the national park, which occupies a remote, mountainous area
in central Vietnam. The 10.6km route would connect Son Doong Cave, so large that it could house an
entire 40-story building, with other caves in the area as part of a planned “tourism, service and resort
complex”.
After the announcement drew considerable opposition, the national tourism ministry made clear that
it had not yet approved the project. However, the tourism ministry then gave the go-ahead for a
preliminary survey - a tentative nod of consent.
Sun Group claims the cable car would be the most environment-friendly means of opening the
area to tourism. Company spokesperson Quach Bao Tran also said the project would “develop Quang
Binh as a tourism center” and bring “thousands of jobs for the poor local people”. However, experts
refute these claims.
Researchers fear that building the towers needed to support the cable car could damage the fragile
network of caves in the area. Construction on top of Son Doong would put pressure on the already weak
ceiling, potentially triggering collapse, according to Mr. Vu Le Phuong, who has been studying the cave
since the first expedition in 2009. “The environmental impact would be devastating,” said Andy
McKenzie, one of the first explorers to visit the cave. 
Vietnam is eagerly welcoming resort developers to build enormous tourism and casino complexes
in scenic areas, from Dong Van plateau in the north to Phu Quoc Island in the south. Yet Halong Bay's
struggles with overcrowding and pollution demonstrate what happens when desire for development
precedes environmental concerns.
Sun Group has already built cable car systems at the nearby Ba Na Hills as well as Fansipan,
Vietnam's tallest mountain, in the far north. In September, the developer got approval to build another
cable car in Halong Bay.
 Unlike these previous projects, the Son Doong cable car faces organized opposition. On the “Save
Son Doong” Facebook page, thousands of people expressed their disapproval and even voiced calls for
protests.
(Text adapted from https://www.theguardian. com/environment/2014/dec/03/worlds-largest-cave-
vietnam-threatened-cable-car)
1. Match each word with its definition.
i. devastating a. harmless to the environment
ii. remote b. influence
iii. opposition c. causing damage
iv. environment-friendly d. very large
v. fragile e. agreement
vi. impact f. far
vii. enormous g. disagreement
viii. approval h. easy to break
ix. refute i. say that a statement is not correct
x. precede k. happen before something
2. Decide whether each of these statements are true (T) or false (F) or not given (NG).
1. A cable car system has existed in Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park for some years in order to
promote mass tourism. ________
2. According to Sun Group, the cable system would do no harm to the surrounding environment.
________
3. The first expedition to Son Doong Cave was made in the first decade of the 21st century. ________
4. According to researchers, the cable car would turn Quang Binh into a tourism center. ________
5. Some cable car systems have been built across Vietnam so far by Sun Group. ________
6. Ha Long Bay is now suffering from crowding and pollution. ________
7. There is a facebook page where people can express their protests for the cable car in Ba Na Hill.
________
8. The plan to build a cable car in Quang Binh expects to bring about 1000 tourists per day to Son Doong
Cave. ________
9. Many people voiced the disapproval in many social networking sites. ________
10. Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park has the world's largest cave on earth. ________
2. On a tourism blog, four young people have posted their advice on visiting Machu Picchu - a
world heritage site in Peru. Read the post and answer the questions below.
A. Frank - Staying at the hotel near the entrance is expensive but it saves a lot of hassle getting to
and from the site via bus. Some people commented on the bus ride up and down as being a bit scary. Be
sure to bring at least one hiking/walking stick. There're lots of uneven and slippery rocks, so you
shouldn't wear flip flops or lightweight sneakers. You don't need hiking boots but good hiking shoes are
recommended. There are no restrooms or trash cans at the site so plan accordingly. It is a magnificent site
that is almost overwhelming in size. We spent a full day inside but another day would have been nice just
to circle back to some areas. Since we live at 6500 feet high, altitude was not a problem for us but for
some people it was. It was much hotter than we anticipated. At that altitude and in early spring (early
Nov.) we thought it would be much cooler but it was warm.
 B. Bruce - The temperatures are fairly constant throughout the year in Machu Picchu. The busiest
months are generally around summer. The worst month seems to be February with lots of rain and the
Inca Trail being closed. So, it's a trade-off between drier/popular months and wetter/less crowded
months. The tour company we used offers trips in many months of the year. I don't recall which month
we visited, but there was no rain then. We had a truly exceptional experience at Machu Picchu at sunrise
and later climbed Huayna Picchu.
C. David - The ticket to Machu Picchu covers a full day. If you skip the morning, you just waste
half of your ticket. Also, Vina Pichu (the mountain behind the ruin) only allows certain number of visitors
per day - it's usually closed by noon. I suggest you stay overnight at Agus - it's actually a nice little town -
and get up early to see the full day of Machu Picchu. You can take a late train out of Agus. When I went
there, I didn't need a guide but I think having a guide is pretty good, not very expensive. Always bring
rain gear with you - the weather is unpredictable.
D. Mary - For Machu Picchu, I used the Machu Picchu Guide by Ruth Wright, which gave me all
the information to explore the site on my own. When visiting Machu Picchu, you will need to decide if
you are going to do this as a day trip from Cuzco or follow the backpacker route and spend one night (or
2) in Aguas Calientes at the bottom of the hill. The latter is recommended because you will have the
chance to climb Huayna Picchu too. This way you can watch the sunrise over the ruins. I believe if you
try the day trip from Cuzco, you will be limited to about 4 hours at the ruins before having to catch the
bus/train back to Cuzco.
(Text adapted from https://community.ricksteves. com/travel-forum/beyond-europe/machu-picchu)
1. Match each word with its definition.
i. exceptional a. not smooth
ii. unpredictable b. traveler without much money
iii. trade-off c. a gate leading into a place
iv. flip-flops d. wet, difficult to move
v. altitude e. height
vi. slippery f. greater than usual
vii. uneven g. balance between disadvantages and benefits
viii entrance h. a type of rubber shoes
ix. backpacker i. changing often
2. Which person...
traveled without a tour guide in Machu Picchu? 1. ________ 2. ________
spent the whole day in Machu Picchu? 3. ________
bought a tour? 4. ________
mentioned the problem of height 5. ________
recommended using a guide book 6. ________
3. Read the text again and complete the following table:
What should and shouldn't you do to prepare for a trip to Machu Picchu?
Dos Don’ts
3. Read the text and put in these phrases/sentences (a-f) where appropriate.
(a) most of Atlantic Canada's deep-sea fishing boats leave from here
(b) these days the town of Banff is the most popular tourist destination in the country
(c) eco-tourism is becoming more and more important(d) the Rockies offer wildlife walks, swimming,
camping, hiking, canoeing, mountain climbing
(e) the cute but deadly white bears sometimes wander into the town
(f) the river in the park is always frozen in winter
Canada: Off the beaten track - Three to see
Rocky Mountains The Rockies run along the Alberta-British Columbia border, and are inside two
huge national parks - Banff to the south and Jasper to the north. Banff was Canada's first wildlife
sanctuary and (1) ________.
But Jasper National Park is larger, wilder, and less well-explored. Between the parks of Banff and Jasper
is the Columbia Ice field, an enormous bowl of ice made up of about thirty glaciers. If you don't like ice,
(2) ________ and plenty of places to stay. Accommodation costs are usually lower at the Jasper end of
this superb mountain playground.
Lunenburg Lunenburg is south from Halifax, along a foggy coast of rocky coves, fishing villages, and
historic towns. It is a beautiful little shipbuilding town and a UNESCO World Heritage site. Fishing has
always been big in Lunenburg: (3) ________, and North America's biggest fish-processing factory is
located in the town. Lunenburg still has many wooden building and as a result feels like an 18th century
British colonial town. You can visit the town's Fisheries Museum or just wander around, looking at the
wooden houses in the old streets - and of course have a dinner of halibut or haddock, mussels or lobster.
Churchill One of the few places in the north that is ‘easy’ to get to, Churchill is a 1.5-day train journey
from Winnipeg. Churchill is a major port, but (4) ________. Despite freezing temperatures and poor
facilities, many visitors come to see the polar bears, beluga whales, caribou, Arctic foxes, and, if they're
lucky, the Northern Lights. Churchill calls itself the “Polar Bear Capital of the World”, and for a good
reason: the town sits right in the middle of the animals' migration route, and (5) ________. Tours to see
the bears from September to November are by far the most popular attraction.
(Text adapted from Matura Exam Practice - Oxford University Press) 
D. WRITING
1. Rewrite the sentences replacing relative clauses with participle clauses.
1. The tour guide who took charge of organizing our trip to Bai Dinh Pagoda last Saturday made a lot of
complaints about our lateness.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
2. Have you ever dropped by the haunted house which is located in the southern region of this village?
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
3. Several students who will join the culture fair next week are now learning to make paper puppets at the
school hall.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
4. Many people who watched the movie “The shade of water” at the cinema last night felt scared of the
bloody scenes in the movie.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
5. All of the plastic bottles which are put in the yellow bag can be reused.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
6. The university dormitory which is situated in the city center is very expensive to rent.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
7. New Zealand, which is known to have one of the most beautiful natural landscapes in the world,
attracts a huge number of tourists every year.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
8. Ha Long Bay, which is well-known for its unique natural scenery, appears to make very good
impressions on both domestic and international tourists.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
9. The Tomb of Khai Dinh, which belongs to the complex of Hue monuments, represents a mix of eastern
and western culture.
________________________________________________________________________________ 
________________________________________________________________________________
10. Most of the monuments which were first built during the Ly Dynasty in the 11th century was
demolished in the early 20th century.
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
2. Combine the two sentences into one, using either an -ing or -ed participle.
1. A boy was injured in the accident. He was taken to hospital.
The boy _________________________________________________ was taken to hospital.
2. The gate of the house was demolished in the storm. It has now been reconstructed.
The gate of the house ________________________________________________has now been repaired.
3. A number of suggestions were made at the meeting. Most of them were not very practical.
Most of the _________________________________________________ were not very practical.
4. Some paintings were stolen from the museum. They haven't been found yet.
The _________________________________________________ haven't been found yet.
5. A man was arrested by the police. What was his name?
What was the name of _________________________________________________?
6. Mary's grandmother hand-knitted a sweater for her on her 16th birthday. That sweater was a valuable
gift to Mary.
The sweater _________________________________________________ was a valuable gift to Mary.
7. The president delivered a long speech in public yesterday. That speech made a lot of people annoyed.
The long speech ______________________________________________ made a lot of people annoyed.
8. This early morning, I saw one of my old neighbors. He was jogging outdoors despite the rain.
This early morning, I saw one of my old neighbors __________________________________________.
9. I want to relocate this cupboard to the left corner of my son's room. It contains all of his clothes.
I want to relocate the cupboard _________________________________________________ to the left
corner of my son's room.
10. An exhibition of traditional costumes will be held in the national museum this weekend. This
exhibition aims to introduce Vietnamese culture to international tourists.
An exhibition of traditional costumes _________________________________________________ will
be held in the national museum this weekend.
3. Essay writing
Write an essay (150 words) about the reasons why Hue Imperial Citadel was recognized as a World
Heritage Site. You can use the given prompts for your writing and you can search more information about
Hue Imperial Citadel on the internet as well.
Hue Imperial Citadel
- Located in Hue (central Vietnam)
- Chinese-styled architecture
- A historic monument standing for over 200 years
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