ad ect Dor BUSINESS ANALYST WORKSHOPIl Pride SDLC Methodologies and Models Sequential - waterfall Iterative - RUP (Rational Unified Process) Evolutionary ~ Spiral Agile - Scrum 4.1 Sequential - waterfall This is the most common and classic of life cycle models, also referred to as a linear-sequential life cycle model. itis very simple to understand and use. In a waterfall model, each phase must be completed in its entirety before the next phase can begin, At the end of each phase, a review takes place to determine if the project is on the right path and whether or not to continue or discard the project. Stages of Waterfall Model Resources Artifacts Requirements gatherit BA PM. BRD Requirements Analysis BA PM F5/ FRS, SSD, SRS Tech Team - Sol Arch, NW | RTM Arch, DB Arch Design Tech Team — Sol Arch, NW| HOD/ADD Arch, Solution Document DB Arch, GUI Designer Development — coding Programmers top /coD Developers Application Testing Testers Test Documents Application with less Errors Unit, Component, System, System Integration, UAT. PROCESS - Configuration Management_- PM Deployment & Implementation | Release Engineers Deployment = moving Code from Development Environment to Production Implementation ~ running the code for the very first time in Production After Implementation, maintenance stage starts, and Support Team will take care, ‘Advantages Simple and easy to use. Easy to manage due to the rigidity of the model each phase has specific deliverables and a review process, > Phases are processed and completed one ata time, > Works well for smaller projects where requirements are very well understood. Disadvantages Adjusting scope during the life cycle can kill a project No working software is produced until late during the life cycle, High amounts of risk and uncertainty, Poor model for complex and object-oriented projects. Poor model for long and ongoing projects. Poor model where requirements are at a moderate to high risk of changing, vyvYyyY ‘Subscribe to our COEPD YouTube channel for Domain Awareness sessions and Activity Videos... www.coepd.com * coepd.nurtureba@gmail.com * Confidential * Page1of8 For latest updates on Documents, online exams, blogs and forums, please login COEPD portalad ect ai (O24 BUSINESS ANALYST WORKSHOPIIBA ©: 4.2 Iterative - RUP (Rational Unified Process) Disciplines Business Modeling Requirements Analysis & Design Implementation Test Deployment Configuration ‘& Change Mgmt Project Management Environment ‘The Rational Unified Process (RUP) is an iterative software development process framework created by the Rational Software Corporation, which was acquired by IBM in February 2003. RUP is based on a set of building blocks, or content elements, describing what is to be produced, the necessary skills required and the step-by-step explanation describing how specific development goals are to be achieved. The main building blocks, or content elements, are the followin Roles (who] ~ A Role defines a set of related skills, competencies and responsibilities. Work Products (what) - A Work Product represents something resulting from a task, including all the documents and models produced while working through the process. Tasks (how) ~ A Task describes a unit of work assigned to a Role that provides a meaningful result. Within each iteration, the tasks ere categorized into nine disciplines: Six "engineering disciplines" Business Modeling Requirements Iterations ‘Analysis and Design Implementation Test Deployment Three supporting disciplines Configuration and Change Management Project Management Environment Four Project Life Cycle Phases Inception: agreement among the team and customer as to what will be built Elaboration: agreement within the team as to the architecture and design needed to deliver the agreed system behavior Construction: the iterative implementation of a fully functional system Transition: delivery, defect correction, and ‘tuning to ensure customer acceptance Six best practices * Develop iteratively, with risk as the primary iteration driver © Manage requirements * Employ a component-based architecture © Model software visually * Continuously verify quality * Control changes ‘Subscribe to our COEPD YouTube channel for Domain Awareness sessions and Activity Videos... www.coepd.com * coepd.nurtureba@gmailcom * Confidential * Page2of8 For latest updates on Documents, online exams, blogs and forums, please login COEPD portalset Fn ct sowves BUSINESS ANALYST WORKSHOP Proiter 4.3. Evolutionary - Spiral f Cumulative cost ae progress ‘through Evaluate ‘steps alternatives, Determine Risk analysis identity, resolve risks obiectives. alternatives, constraints Commitment Review Partition validation Plan next The spiral model gives more emphases placed on risk analysis. The spiral model has four phases: Planning, Risk Analysis, Engineering and Evaluation. A software project repeatedly passes through these phases in iterations (called Spirals in this model), The baseline spiral, starting in the planning phase, requirements are gathered, and riskis, assessed, Each subsequent spiralbuilds on the baseline spiral. Requirements are gathered during the planning phase. In the risk analysis phase, @ process is undertaken to identify risk and. alternate solutions. A prototype is produced at the end of the risk analysis phase. Software is produced in the engineering phase, along with testing at the end of the phase. The evaluation phase allows the customer to evaluate the output of the isc anaes isk analyse Requirements Design validation and verification lamer 4 Me ' 1 ' eceptance I I Operational prototype Software product Develop, verify next-level product project to date before the project continues to the next spiral In the spiral model, the angular component represents progress, and the radius of the spiral represents cost. Advantages a, High amount of risk analysis, b, Good for large and mission-critical projects, c. Software is produced early in the software life cycle. Disadvantages a. Can be a costly model to use. b, Risk analysis requires highly specific expertise. ¢. Project's success is highly dependent on the risk analysis phase. d, Doesn't work well for smaller projects. ‘Subscribe to our COEPD YouTube channel for Domain Awareness sessions and Activity Videos... www.coepd.com * coepd.nurtureba@gmail.com * Confidential * Page 3 of 8 For latest updates on Documents, online exams, blogs and forums, please login COEPD portalad ti (O.2ePT BUSINESS ANALYST WORKSHOPIIBA '2" 44 Agile - Scrum Agile Light weight Can be implemented where faster delivery is required. No documentation Customer retention - since there is no documentation, The code in itself forms as documentation Not support scalability and extendibility SDLC life cycle cut down by employing seasoned DEVELOPERS Four main Values Individuals and interactions over processes and tools Working software over comprehensive documentation Customer collaboration over contract negotiation Responding to change over following a plan ‘Twelve Principles of Agile Software L i Satisfy the customer through early and continuous delivery of valuable software, Welcome changing requirements, even late in development. Agile processes harness change for the customer's competitive advantage. Deliver working software frequently, from a couple of weeks to a couple of months, with a preference to the shorter timescale, Business people and developers must work together daily throughout the project. Build projects around motivated individuals. Give them the environment and support they need and trust them to get the job done. The most efficient and effective method of conveying information to and within a development team is face-to-face conversation. Working software is the primary measure of progress, Agile processes promote sustainable development. The sponsors, developers, and users should be able to maintain a constant pace indefinitely. Continuous attention to technical excellence and good design enhances agility. Simplicity-the art of maximizing the amount of work not done~is essential ‘The best architectures, requirements, and designs emerge from self-organizing teams, At regular intervals, the team reflects on how to become more effective, then tunes and adjusts its behavior accordingly. ‘Subscribe to our COEPD YouTube channel for Domain Awareness sessions and Activity Videos... www.coepd.com * coepd.nurtureba@gmail.com * Confidential * Page 4of8 For latest updates on Documents, online exams, blogs and forums, please login COEPD portal.22P4 BUSINESS ANALYST WORKSHODIIBA ‘"" SCRUM can be implemented either at the beginning of the project or when you sense that project is falling behind schedule. This model exercises full Admin Power Scrum Team: Project resources are grouped as Scrum teams which comprises of BAs, Developers, Testers, Each Team size will on average be 7- Product Owner: He will decide what needs to be in the product and will be responsible for how the product has to be. He will regularly interact with customers and BAS. This role may be played by BA or any person who worked for end users for a long time or customer himself. Scrum Master: He will monitor the performance of the team within the sprint. ‘Team will raise all theirissues to serum master and he will run to look for answers. This role can be played by any person in team normally BA's plays this role, Product burndown: It shows how much work was left to do at the beginning of each sprint. Sprint: This is the period that team decides to deliver their objective. Normally a sprint period will be for 2 weeks but may extend to 4weeks Meetings: Sprint Planning Meeting -This happens at the beginning of each sprint and team decides on what they will be delivering in the sprint. Daily Scrum Meeting - This happens each day Where team will just answer 3 questions: 1) What did u dotoday? 2) what will u do tomorrow? 3) Are there any impediments that is slowing or stopping u? Sprint Review Meeting - This happens at the end of the sprint where team will demo the completed stories to product owner and get it cleared. Sprint Retrospective Meeting - This happens at the end of the sprint where team will answer these 3 questions: 1)What went well in the sprint? 2) what did not go well? 3) What are the required areas of improvements in next sprint? Product Back log: I Stories- all requirements Burn down chart A burn down chart is a graphical view of the remaining work left versus the time in an iteration. A project backlog or hours can be expressed on the vertical axis, while time is indicated on the horizontal axis. A burn down chart is often used to determine when work will be completed on a project or an iteration. Epic An epic is a set of related user stories. They are also considered a "really big user story." Iteration An iteration is an iterative development concept that establishes a short time frame to deliver a set of software features or user stories. Each iteration includes typical waterfall activities such as analysis, design, development, and testing, yet they are time boxed within a one to four-week window. At the end of an iteration, the progress is reviewed with the business customer, and recommended changes can be incorporated into future iterations. Planning Poker Planning Poker is an estimation game created by Mike Cohn of Mountain Goat Software. Planning Poker is used to estimate individual User stories as a team activity. The team gathers and reviews user stories one at a time. As stories are presented, the team discusses the user story and provides an estimate of the work from their own deck of cards. All estimates are presented and discussed until the team arrives at a consensus. Release Arelease is a set of working software delivered to the business customer resulting from a set of iterations, During release planning, teams will review a product backlog to organize user stories into the specific releases and iterations that deliver a functional product to the business customer. ‘Subscribe to our COEPD YouTube channel for Domain Awareness sessions and Activity Videos... www.coepd.com * coepd.nurtureba@gmail.com * Confidential * Page Sof8 For latest updates on Documents, online exams, blogs and forums, please login COEPD portalYad Ft 324 BUSINESS ANALYST WORKSHOPIIBA "=: Scrum Scrum is an iterative development methodology used to manage software projects. In scrum-based projects, there isn't specific project manager directing project team tasks; the team is self-directed, with co- located team members relying on communication over documentation for effective project delivery. Sprint A sprint isa scrum-based agile methodology concept that is similar to an iteration, A sprint is time boxed to deliver a specific set of user stories and produce working features within a set time period, During sprint planning, the business customer ot product owner specifies the user story priority, and the development team commits to the scope for a given sprint. During a sprint, user stories can be removed from the sprint scope, but new stories cannot be added; this allows project teams to focus on the goals of the sprint and deliver rapidly. Story points A story point is a relative estimation method. used to determine the size of user stories so teams can determine how much work can be done during an iteration. Story points can be expressed in a simple Fibonacci sequence, t- shirt sizes, or a relative number. By adding up the number of user stories and associated story points, the project team can establish its ‘velocity for future iteration planning. BA's Role in Agile Scrum: To Start with, once a project is kicked off, BA does the requirement Planning, then conducts various requirement gathering sessions and analyses the requirement. Finally, the requirement is listed as "FEATURE LIST’. This Feature list is drafted by BA and discussed with Product Owner. This feature list will have all enhancements and existing features (Ifit is a migration project). From the Feature List, BA identifies the Epic and breaks them as Themes and then to User Stories. User Stories will have below Information: Asa | Want to So that ee: Asa Customer want to Login to the net banking site Sothat I can perform banking activities Acceptance Criteria: - This area will have mandatory information that are needed in this story" Then BA brief the story to development team and regularly supports the team for development. BA also does the Integration Testing and System Testing to ensure the system performs as desired ‘Subscribe to our COEPD YouTube channel for Domain Awareness sessions and Activity Videos... www.coepd.com * coepd.nurtureba@gmailcom * Confidential * Page6of8 For latest updates on Documents, online exams, blogs and forums, please login COEPD portalEnna Eben “eed BUSINESS ANALYST WORKSHOPIIBA °° Praguct Grooming Prafuct Burdon \ Fata \ [Scrum Team ctr SQ sumesr— 01 Sprint Paming-—SpintRenospexive Siloti — Product Omer 04 fi ~ é S\, eumbereones-o7 User Sony woscow | >) Workshop VP High BV ~Low cP Spent Backiog Serum Meeting Done Client Treartacscras 2 Beanie 5b Serum Deveoners 2 Ganply Party Ponts (Pator case Shippable Product ‘Subscribe to our COEPD YouTube channel for Domain Awareness sessions and Activity Videos... www.coepd.com * coepd.nurtureba@gmail.com * Confidential * Page7of8 For latest updates on Documents, online exams, blogs and forums, please login COEPD portaled Eh (2.224 BUSINESS ANALYST WORKSHOPIIBA Sample International Certification Questions: 1) Most of the time, System Testing is being done by ~ Tester 2) How many principles are there in an Agile software? 12 3) Product Burn down show how much work was left to do - TRUE 4) Acceptance testing is known asBeta Testing 5) Which is non-functional software testing?Performance Testing, 6) Unit Testing will be done byDevelopers 7). The Unified Process (UP) combines commonly accepted best practices, such as an iterative lifecycle and risk-driven development, into a cohesive and well-documented description ~ TRUE 8) Debugging is:Finding and correcting errors in the program code, 9) Fagan Inspection Issues areTime- level of maturity - No Feedback loop 10) The spiral model gives more emphases placed on risk analysis TRUE 11) There are 4 main values in Agile -xp, scrum 12) What is the average scrum team size? 13) Sprint period will be for 2 weeks and can extend to 4 weeks 14) BA's role in Agile scrum is - BA does the requirement planning - Conducts various req gathering sessions 15) ~---- is identified then breaks them as themes and then to user stories ~ Epic 16) The user must assign the criteria the software must meet to be deemed acceptable. Ideally, this is included in the so... software requirements specifications 17) Acceptance testing may happen at any phase of development in Waterfall madel. ~ FALSE 18) What are the Testing Levels?Unit Testing- Integration Testing - System Testing and Acceptance Testing 19) Iterative development process is to divide development effort into many small steps so that users can provide feedback more readily and system can be refined incrementally. — TRUE 20) This models a simplified view originating from IBM that identifies basic building blocks. Which Business Architecture modeling technique is being described? Component Business Models ‘Subscribe to our COEPD YouTube channel for Domain Awareness sessions and Activity Videos... www.coepd.com * coepd.nurtureba@gmail.com * Confidential * Page8of8 For latest updates on Documents, online exams, blogs and forums, please login COEPD portal