ITCS112 – REVIEWER

MODULE 1 – FLOWCHARTING AND PROCESSING SYMBOL – rectangle;

ALGORITHMS for processing and computations.
Computer Program – list of instructions
that directs the computer on its
operations.
FLOW LINES – used to connect
Programming – the act of developing a
symbols
computer program.
ARROWHEADS – used to show
Programmer – the person who develops
directions (flow direction indicator)
computer programs.
Algorithm – finite set of instructions that
specify a sequence of operations to
solve a problem; a step-by-step solution
to a problem.
PREPARATION SYMBOL – hexagon;
Flowchart – a diagram presenting the
initialization of values used in the chart;
logical sequence or the steps on how a
also ‘initialization symbol’.
certain something is performed; the
graphical representation of an algorithm.
SYMBOLS USED IN A FLOWCHART:

DECISION SYMBOL – diamond;

indicates yes/no or true/false paths in a
TERMINAL SYMBOL – oval; designates
flowchart based on conditions.
start/end of chart

OFF PAGE-CONNECTOR – connects

INPUT/OUTPUT SYMBOL –
one symbol to another in the same
parallelogram; for input/out operations.
page.
OFF PAGE CONNECTOR – connects
one symbol to another symbol on a
different page.
AKI’S TIMELINE FOR DUMMIES:
• Sun Microsystems decided to
start a project for programming.
• Green Team – Gosling, Sheridan,
Naughton initiated it in June 1991
along with many others.
• Was supposed to be for TVs, but
they said yikes its better for
programming
• Got called ‘Greentalk’ once, never
again because ‘Oak’ seems better
(says Gosling)
• 1995 got renamed to JAVA
because copyright reasons, also
released on the same year
• January 23, 1996 was JDK’s
release
• In the present, Sun Microsystems
is now a subsidiary of Oracle
Corporation
It used to be called ‘Green Talk’ by
Gosling, with the extension of .gt.
Along the STAR SEVEN (*7) was the
Oak language, it was called Oak due to
because of an oak tree outside Gosling’s
office (what a great way to name a
program.) and the mascot DUKE.
By 1994, OAK changed to JAVA, based
from a local coffee shop. In the video, it
was said that there occurred a legal thing
in 1995 because OAK Technologies had
MODULE 2 – INTRODUCTION TO
JAVA
HISTORY OF JAVA
MORE INFORMATION ON POINT
Java was supposedly used for interactive
television but was too advanced for it that
time. It was developed by The Green
Team, which is comprised of 13 people,
but were led by James Gosling (main guy
of the team), Patrick Naughton, and Mike
Sheridan. All of which planned to design
a language for set-up boxes and
televisions. The Java Language Project
initiated in June 1991 and funded by Sun
Microsystems, with the codename of
Green.
Java was also later incorporated by
Netscape. The result of this 18 month
project in Menlo Park, California is an
interactive handheld home entertainment
device controller with a “touch screen”
named the STAR SEVEN (*7), launched
September 03, 1992.
the symbolism of strength and its
reputation of being chosen as a national
tree of countries like USA, France,
Romania, Germany, etc,. Another was
OAK trademarked so it changed to JAVA.
Java is an island in Indonesia where first
coffee was produced, called ‘Java
Coffee’.
May 23, 1995, was Java’s official launch
at Sun World Conference
 OTHER VERSIONS THAT FOLLOWED
JDK 1.0

January 23, 1996, was JDK 1.0 (Java

Platform, Standard Edition Development
Kit)’s release.
PICTURES THAT MIGHT HELP:

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF JAVA • Easy to learn – it is designed to

be easy to use in writing,
• Object-oriented programming
compiling, debugging an learning
language (OOP) – refers to an
it.
approach of focusing on objects
• Most similar C & C++
and the way they interact.
• High-level language – is written in TOP 10 IDES for Java (2021)
English words which can be
• Eclipse
easily understood.
• NetBeans
• Platform Independent – compiled
• IntelliJ IDEA
on one machine; can be
executed on any machine without • BlueJ
any changes • Jdeveloper
• Operating System (OS) • MyEclipse
Independent – can written on one • Greenfoot
platform and is independent of • jGRASP
other platforms or environments; • jCreator
can run on any OS without • DrJava
recompiling. (Write-once-run-
Java Platforms
anywhere (WORA), or Write-
once-run-everywhere (WORE) J2SE (Java Platform, Standard Edition)
approach.) – also Core Java, is the most basic and
standard of Java. It is the purest form of
Java and basic foundation of all the
other editions. It consists of a wide
variety of general purpose API’s
(java.lang, java.util) as well as many
special purpose APIs. Mainly used to
create apps for desktops.
J2ME (Java Platform, Micro Edition) –
mainly for embedded systems, mobiles
and small devices. Certain constraints
are limited processing power, limited
battery, small display, etc,.
J2EE (Java Platform, Enterprise Edition)
– for much larger usage purposes of
Java, like web service development,
networking, server-side scripting and
many others.
Java Program Types:
Applets – programs designed to run on
a web browser
Application – programs which DO NOT
require a web browser.
• Source Program – a program
created in a text editor following
the rules and syntax of Java.
• It is saved, with the ClassName
as the name of the Java class
contained in the file.
• The program should be
syntactically correct, and once
the compilers checks there’s no
errors, it translates the program
to bytecodes.
• The bytecodes is saved in the file
with the .class extension.
• Javac – a primary compiler tool
included in the java development
kit (JDK).
• To RUN a Java program, the
.class file must be loaded into
computer memory.
• The bytecodes for classes used
in the program must be
connected.
• Loader – the program that
automatically runs the bytecode.
• To EXECUTE the Java program,
the BYTECODE VERIFIER
verifies if the classes don’t violate
Java’s security restrictions.
• INTERPRETER – translates the
bytecode instructions to computer
machine language and executes
it.
• The java command is used to run
and execute a program.