SUBJECT: GEOGRAPHY

NAME: NOMAZWE KUMALO

CLASS: 4A2

CANDIDATE NUMBER:

CENTRE NUMBER: 100016

SCHOOL: BULAWAYO ADVENTIST HGH

DISTRICT: BULAWAYO CENTRAL

PROVINCE: BULAWAYO METROPOLITAN

DATE: 22/08/22

CALA 3

TOPIC: WEATHER AND CLIMATE

SUB-TOPIC: WEATHER HAZARDS

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BACKGROUND

Weather hazards have impacted Zimbabwe severely. The country has

seen an increase in the frequency and intensity in various weather

hazards which include tropical cyclones, heat waves, drought and

floods. Tropical cyclones amongst other hazards have caused

devastating effects in Manicaland with the most recent being declared

a national disaster. This activity will give the learners a chance to

research more into the development of tropical cyclones, effects and

measures to reduce effects of tropical cyclones.

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1. A weather hazard is an abnormal or extreme weather conditions that

cause discomfort, illness or pose a threat to life. Weather hazards may

also cause destruction of property, plants and animal life.

 A disaster is a serious problem occurring over a short or long period of

time that causes widespread human, material, economic or environmental

loss which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to

cope using its own resources.

 A tropical cyclone is a cell of very low pressure that brings heavy rain

and wind speeds that often cause severe damage.

2. Three tropical cyclones that affected Zimbabwe

 Cyclone Eline (2000)

 Cyclone Dineo (2017)

 Cyclone Idai (2019)

3. How a tropical cyclone blows in the Southern Hemisphere

A tropical cyclone in the Southern hemisphere rotates in a clockwise

direction.

4. One reason why Manicaland is at high risk with tropical cyclones

 Tropical cyclones originate over oceans and Manicaland is closest

to the Indian Ocean than the other parts of the country.

5. Conditions necessary for the development of tropical cyclones

 High sea temperatures of at least 27°C

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  Atmospheric instability, high humidity in the lower to middle

levels of the troposphere.

 Atmospheric instability.

 Enough Coriolis force to sustain a low pressure center.

 Converging winds near the ocean surface forcing air to rise and

form storm clouds.

6. Cross sectional view of a tropical cyclone

7. One area on the diagram which is at high risk

 The vortex

8. Environmental effects of tropical cyclones

 Cyclone can destoy wildlife

 Im mountanious areas, heavy rains can cause landslides

 Storm surges (very high waves at sea) cause flooding in coastal

areas.

 Cyclones can cause uprooting of trees and vegetation

 Cyclones may cause soil erosion

Economic effects of tropical cyclones

 The tourism industry at the resorts on many Islands that lie in the

path of tropical cyclones may be affected

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  If agricultural land and crops are ruined there could be income and

food shortages.

 Financial losses my occur when economic activities are disrupted

because buildings and land has been damages or destroyed

 Governments and local authorities face high cost to rebuild houses

and communication networks.

9. Measures that were put in place during cyclone Idai

 Do not cross flooded rivers

 A search party set out to look for people in the affected area.

 People were told to prepare for evacuation.

 The people were advised to stay at home.

 They were advised to listen to the radio and updates on the cyclone

Measures that were put in place after cyclone Idai

 Medical care was provided for those who were injured.

 Safe clean water, food, clothes was provided for the victims

 Victims who lost their loved ones were counselled

 The victims who lost their loved ones were assisted to bury them

 There was International assistance.

 Victims were provided with temporary shelter

10. Challenges that were faced in implementing the measures during

and after cyclone Idai

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