CELL

STRUCTURE
& FUNCTION
DR. LORIE MAE VIDUYA-VILORIA
 CELL THEORY
• All living things are made
up of cells.
• Cells are the smallest
working units of all living
things.
• All cells come from pre-
existing cells through cell
division.
DEFINITION OF CELL
Cell is the smallest unit that is
capable of performing life
functions.
 EXAMPLES OF CELLS
Amoeba Proteus

Plant Stem

Bacteria

Red Blood Cell

Nerve Cell
 Wow, your work looks cool!
Now, look at the table I made here and
compare it with your work.
Cell type Similar Structures and/or Unique Structures and/or
Organelle Organelle
Bacteria Prokayotic  Cell wall- shapes, supports  Nucleoid- contains genetic
and protect the cell material of bacteria
 Plasma Membrane- (chromosome)
regulates entrance and  Flagellum- for movement or
exits of molecules motility
 Ribosome- site of protein
synthesis
Plant Eukaryotic  Cell wall- shapes, supports  Nucleus- contains genetic
and protect the cell material of plant
 Plasma Membrane- (chromosome)
regulates entrance and  Central vacuole- stores water,
exits of molecules and metabolic and maintains
 Ribosome- site of protein turgor pressure
synthesis  Chloroplast- carry outs
photosynthesis
 COMMON CHARACTERISTICS

• All cells are surrounded by a barrier called the cell

membrane
• They contain the molecule that carries biological
information-DNA
• Jelly like substance known as Cytoplasm that
holds organelles in place
 EUKARYOTIC
Plant Animal
“TYPICAL” ANIMAL CELL
“TYPICAL” PLANT CELL
DIFFERENTIA BETWEEN ANIMAL AND PLANT CELLS
 CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

CELL PARTS
Organelles
 ORGANELLES
• Cytoplasm lies
between the cell
membrane and
nucleus and contains
the organelles.
• Cytosol is a gelatin
like aqueous fluid that
contains salts,
minerals and organic
molecules
 SCHOOL AS AN ANALOGY FOR CELL
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
• Security guard- cell membrane because the guard chooses who can enter or leave the school, only those with
student I.D can enter.

• School perimeter- cytoplasm because it is where all the parts and processes of the school can be found

• Principal- nucleus because the principal is the person in authority inside the school especially in terms of
management and decision making.

• DepEd- nucleolus because they are the ones responsible for hiring and producing teachers like how nucleolus
produces the ribosomes.

• Teachers- Ribosomes because they are the ones active in making the students the best person that they can be.

• Classrooms- Golgi Body because it is where the students are taught and package physically, mentally, socially
and spiritually.

• Canteen- Mitochondria because the food served in the canteen gives energy to the students and teachers.

• Janitor/Maintenance Team-Lysosome because lie lysosome they get rid of trashes by cleaning the school
premises.

• Hallways and corridor- endoplasmic reticulum because they are the passageway that could be used to transport
services, materials and processes involve in the teaching and learning process.

• Cabinets- Vacuole because it stores books, papers and other stocks needed by the school