NAME: GRANT KYLE DE GUZMAN DATE: AUGUST 28, 2022

YEAR: BSMT-3 SUBJECT: SEAM4B/L

ASSIGNMENT NO.1

TANONG:

Explain the differences of oil tankers, chemical tankers and liquefied gas tanker?

ANSWER:

There are many varied types of tankers that are used in the process of oceanic cargo transportation.
This classification of tankers can be based on several factors.

Oil tankers carry oil and its by-products. Oil tanker, however, is a generic terminology and includes
not only crude oil but also petrol, gasoline, kerosene and paraffin. An Oil Tanker is designed to carry
Petroleum products in bulk. These vessels carry a wide range of products ranging from Crude oil to Refined
products. Their size is measured in tons or DWT. Its size ranges from 55,000 DWT to VLCC’s of over 300,000
DWT.

Crude tankers are specifically used to transport crude oil from the excavation site to the crude oil
refining industrial plant These tankers move a large quantity of unrefined crude oil from its elicitation point
to the oil refineries, where they are refined and various grades are products are extracted and distributed
later on.

Gas Tankers are specially designed to carry Gas in bulk are called Gas tankers. They are specially
designed to carry different forms of gasses. Technically these types of vessels are more on the cutting edge
than any other type of vessels such as Bulkers, Containers and Other variety of Tankers. They are mostly
built in the shipyards of Korea or Japan.

Fully Pressurized Ships These types of Tankers are the cinch type of gas carrier compared to all of
its other varieties. Cargo herein is carried in the ambient temperature. They have “C type” of tanks which are
made in Carbon steel with an emblematic design pressure of 18barg. There are no thermal insulations or any
other plants. The cargo can be directly transferred by the pumps or compressor of their own. These types of
the vessel usually are smaller in size as because of the design pressure, the tanks are extremely heavy.

Semi-Pressurized Ships These are very similar to fully pressurized ships in term of the tank’s
construction and structure, but they are designed to carry gas at a maximum working pressure of 5-7 bars. It
can be used to transport a wide variety of gas cargo in bulk and can be usually seen in the busy coastal
areas around the Mediterranean and Northern Europe. Due to its cargo handling flexibility, semi pressurized
gas tankers are most popular among the operators and owners.

Ethylene Ships This variant of Gas carriers is built for unambiguous trades but also have
arrangements to carry LPG’s or Chemical Gases. Their cargo carrying capacity is between 1000-12000 m3.
They too have Type C pressure tanks. The Thermal insulation and liquefaction are fitted on this variant of gas
tankers.
 Fully Refrigerated LPG Ships These tankers carry Liquified gases at low temperature and
atmospheric pressure. They have a very significant prismatic shaped cargo tanks made up of 3.5% nickel
steel, which allows them to carry cargo at a temperature as lower as -48°C.

The LNG Carriers are those tanker ships that are used to cargo LNG or Liquefied Natural Gas. These
types of tankers require careful and delicate handling owing to the precariousness of the material they
carry. Statistically speaking, there are around 193 LNG tankers that are currently under operation.
LNG(Liquified Natural Gas) Carriers are specifically designed to trade a high volume of LNG. These ships have
a cargo carrying capacity between 125000 m3 to 135,000 m3.