Teaching Mathematics in the Primary Grades 1

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

At the end of this topic, you will be able to:

❑ Visualize the concept of addition;
❑ Add one to three-digit numbers; and
❑ Solve word problems involving addition

Let’s DISCUSS!

Originally, the Philippines has a total of 7 107 islands. Lately,

534 new Islands are added which makes our total number of islands as 7
641. It means that 7 107 + 534 = 7 641.

In addition sentence 7 107 + 534 = 7 641,

*** 7 107 and 534 are called ADDENDS

*** 7 641 is called SUM.

Addends are numbers being added while sum is the result in

addition.

ADDITION

- is the process of putting two or more numbers or things

together.

ADDITION OF WHOLE NUMBERS Section 1.2

 Teaching Mathematics in the Primary Grades 2

For instance, let us illustrate the following: 3 mangoes added by 4 mangoes total 7 mangoes.

The illustration above clearly shows that to find the total number of mangoes, we can simply count
them from left to right. The addition sentence would be 4 + 3 = 7.

Another way to illustrate addition is through block model which is shown below.

4 3

PROPERTIES OF ADDITION
1. Commutative Property of Addition (CPA)
You learned above that 4 + 3 = 7. What would the answer be if we change the order of the
addends into 3 + 4?
3 4

7
It shows that 4 + 3 = 3 + 4 = 7. This is called Commutative Property of Addition. It says
that the order of addends does not affect the sum.
2. Associative Property of Addition (APA)
Another property of addition is Associative Property. It says that changing the grouping
of the addends does not affect the sum. For example, the sum of (8 + 7) + 2 is equal to the
sum of 8 + (7 + 2).
(8 + 7) + 2 = 8 + (7 + 2)
15 + 2 = 8 + 9
17 = 17
3. Identity Property of Addition (IPA)
The Identity Property states that the sum of a number and zero is the same number.
Examples:

8+0=8 0 + 35 = 35 1+0=1

ADDITION OF WHOLE NUMBERS Section 1.2

 Teaching Mathematics in the Primary Grades 3

ADDING TWO- TO THREE- DIGIT NUMBERS

To add two-to three-digit numbers, follow the steps below.

Step 1: Arrange the numbers in column so that digits of the same place values
are aligned. For example, let’s find the sum of 74 and 162.
Hundreds Tens Ones
Place Place Place
7 4
+ 1 6 2
Step 2: Add the digits in the ones place, tens place, then the hundreds place.
Hundreds Tens Ones
Place Place Place
7 4
+ 1 6 2
6
In the tens place, since 7 tens plus 6 tens total 13 tens, then rename 13 tens as 1
hundred and 3 tens; write the 3 tens in the tens digit of the sum and regroup the
hundred with the hundreds digits of the addends then add.
Hundreds Tens Ones
Place Place Place
1
7 4
+ 1 6 2
2 3 6
The sum of 74 and 162 is 236.

Addition
➢ is the process of putting two or more numbers or things together.
➢ Addends are numbers being added while sum is the result in addition.

Properties of Addition
➢ Commutative Property of Addition (CPA) - says that the order of addends does not
affect the sum.
➢ Associative Property of Addition (APA) - says that changing the grouping of the addends
does not affect the sum.
➢ Identity Property of Addition (IPA) - states that the sum of a number and zero is the
same number.

Note: In adding 3 or more digit numbers you need to arrange the digits and start adding the
numbers form right to left.

➢ You can also use other manipulative or alternative materials such as drinking straw or match
sticks as representation of place value.

ADDITION OF WHOLE NUMBERS Section 1.2

 Teaching Mathematics in the Primary Grades 4

Task!

Use the properties of addition to solve the following.

1. 1 + 2 + 3 + … + 9 + 10 =
2. (49 + 63) + 51 =
3. 15 + 38 + 47 + 62 + 53 =
4. 999 + 999 + 999 + 999 + 999 =
5. 809 + 803 + 806 + 801 + 807 + 804 =

Read the problem below and answer the questions that follow.

Jonalyn has five discs, each with a different counting number printed on one face. However, she
lost three discs and all she can remember is that the sum of the five numbers is 50 and the
numbers in the two remaining discs are 12 and 9.

1. What is the greatest possible value of one of the numbers?

2. What can be the possible values of the three other numbers?

❖ Research or make an advance study about the teaching strategies that can be used in
teaching Subtraction of Whole Numbers.

SELF AND MODULE CHECK

How was your experience? Tell me about it.(Choose your response

below)

Self-Evaluation Module Evaluation

a. I learned a lot from this module.
b. I learned just right
c. I still need guidance on the certain
topics
d. I don’t understand anything
discussed
Answer:
1. Module is learner-friendly,
comprehensive and easy to
understand
2. Module is clear but lacks few
details
3. Module has vague points that
require revision
4. Module doesn’t cater my learning.
Answer:

Reference:

TEACHINGMATHEMATICS IN THE PRIMARY GRADES

By: Genesis G. Camarista, PhD
Ian B. Oranio
pp.5-4

ADDITION OF WHOLE NUMBERS Section 1.2

 Teaching Mathematics in the Primary Grades 5

Read the problem below and answer the questions that follow. Show your solution.

Jonalyn has five discs, each with a different counting number printed on one face. However, she
lost three discs and all she can remember is that the sum of the five numbers is 50 and the numbers in the
two remaining discs are 12 and 9.

1. What is the greatest possible value of one of the numbers?

2. What can be the possible values of the three other numbers?

ADDITION OF WHOLE NUMBERS Section 1.2

 Teaching Mathematics in the Primary Grades 6

Check your progress

A. Use the properties of addition to solve the following.

1. 1 + 2 + 3 + … + 9 + 10 =
2. (49 + 63) + 51 =
3. 15 + 38 + 47 + 62 + 53 =
4. 999 + 999 + 999 + 999 + 999 =
5. 809 + 803 + 806 + 801 + 807 + 804 =

B. Solve the following problems.

6. Maria Angelica has 24 marbles. Jayzel has 8 marbles more than Maria Angelica.
How many marbles do the two girls have in all?

7. At the mall, Ana Marie spent Php 145 on the first store and and Php 248 in the
second store. After which, she has Php 120 left. How much money did she start
with?

8. Agon and Micko each picked a number box. Micko’s number is as twice as that
of Agon’s. Thes um of their numbers is 42. What is Micko’snumber?

ADDITION OF WHOLE NUMBERS Section 1.2