1 Heat and Gases Chapter 2 Heat and Internal Energy

Practice 2.2 (p.45) The temperature of the soup after 5 minutes is

1 D 54.3 C.
Apply c = . 11 By Q = Pt = mcT,
1500  t = 2  1970  (90  25)
cP = 1
= 129 J kg C 1
t = 171 s
The time required is 171 s.
1 1
cQ = = 234 J kg C 12 The toast will get cold faster.
The noodle soup has much higher water
cR = = 385 J kg1 C1 content than the toast. Therefore, the noodle
soup has a higher heat capacity and cools
cS = = 523 J kg1 C1
more slowly.
2 C 13 Let c be the specific heat capacity of the ham.
Apply Q = mcT.
P=  Q (constant t)
Energy lost by water = energy gained by ham
3 D 1  4200  (90  70) = 0.5  c  (70  5)
4 C c = 2580 J kg1 C1
5 C The specific heat capacity of the ham is
6 A 2580 J kg1 C1.
7 B 14 Let T be the temperature of the noodles after
8 Energy required adding water. Apply Q = mcT.
= mcT Energy lost by hot water
= 1.75  3770  (60 – 20) = energy gained by noodles
= 2.64  10 J 5
0.2  4200  (90  T)
9 Copper has a higher temperature rise than = 0.08  2000  (T  20)
water. T = 78.8 C
According to Q = mcT, for the same amount The temperature of the noodles after adding
of energy and equal mass, the lower the water is 78.8 C.
specific heat capacity, the larger the
15 C= = slope of the graph
temperature change is.
Since the specific heat capacity of copper is =
lower than that of water, the temperature rise
= 250 J C1
in copper is higher.
10 Let T be the temperature of the soup after 16 c= = = 4580 J kg–
5 minutes. 1
°C–1
By Q = Pt = mcT,
17 (a) Let t be the time required to heat up the
200  5  60 = 0.5  3500  (T  20)
air.
T = 54.3 C

New Senior Secondary Physics at Work (Second Edition) 1

 Oxford University Press 2015
1 Heat and Gases Chapter 2 Heat and Internal Energy

By Q = Pt = mcT, suitable to be used as a coolant in motor cars

1500  t = 130  1000  (28  20) and air-conditioners.
t = 693 s 21 The specific heat capacity of water is very
It takes 693 s to heat up the air. high. This prevents the balloon from
(b) Let T be the room temperature after overheating and thus popping.
5 minutes.
By Q = Pt = mcT,
0.5  1500  5  60
= 130  1000  (T  28)
T = 29.7 C
The room temperature after 5 minutes is
29.7 C.
18 (a) Heat flows from the metal block to the
water bath.
(b) Let C be the heat capacity of the metal
block.
Apply Q = CT and Q = mcT.
Energy lost by metal block
= energy gained by water bath
C  (100  31.7)
= 5  4200  (31.7  27)
C = 1450 J C1
The heat capacity of the metal block is
1450 J C–1
19 Let T be the final temperature of the mixture
and c be the specific heat capacity of the
liquid.
Apply Q = mcT.
Energy lost by liquid at 80 C
= energy gained by liquid at 30 C
2  c  (80  T) = 5  c  (T  30)
T = 44.3 C
The final temperature is 44.3 C.
20 Since water has a very high specific heat
capacity, it can absorb a lot of energy with
only a small temperature rise. Hence water is

2 New Senior Secondary Physics at Work (Second Edition)

 Oxford University Press 2015