Meca Report 2015 11 r270 C Barka Prestress

2015
BARKA Project – Pre-stress analysis
Interlocuteur SUEZ environnement:

Christophe BALLIGAND
Interlocuteurs Méca :
Samuel DURAND
Laurent BOULAY
2015-11-R270-LB
23/02/2016
Document issued by MECA – Calculation note n°2015-11-R270-LB – 23/02/2016 – 2/91
S.A.R.L. au capital de 8000 €

493 242 408 R.C.S. NANTES
BARKA Project – Pre-stress analysis
SUEZ environnement
Interlocuteur SUEZ environnement: Christophe BALLIGAND
Interlocuteurs Méca : Samuel DURAND

Laurent BOULAY
REVISIONS
INDEX DATE PARAGRAPH REVISION
A 09/12/2015 ALL First issue – Assumption note - partial
B 27/01/2016 ALL Calculation note - partial
C 22/02/2016 ALL Calculation note

SOMMAIRE
1. PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY 7

1.1. Reference documents 7
1.1.1. APPLICABLE REGULATIONS, CODES AND STANDARDS 7
1.2. Software 7
2. ASSUMPTIONS NOTE 8
2.1. GRP pipes systems 8
2.2. Jointing system 9
2.2.1. Composite/composite joints 9
2.2.2. Composite/steel joints 9
2.2.3. Thermal Expansions joints 9
2.3. Materials properties 11
2.3.1. GRP pipes and fittings properties 11
2.3.2. Steel 12
2.4. Loadings 13
2.4.1. Weight and density 13
2.4.2. Temperatures 14
2.4.3. Pressures 15
2.4.4. Seismic loads 15
2.4.5. Differential settlement data 16
2.4.6. Wind load 16
2.4.7. Loads definition 17
2.4.8. Loads combinations 18
2.4.9. Soil load for buried pipes 19
2.5. Support systems designation 20
2.6. Safety factors 21
2.6.1. Partial factor A1 for temperature resistance 21
2.6.2. Partial factor A2 for chemical resistance 21
2.6.3. Partial factor A3 for cyclic service 21
2.6.4. Partial factor f2 for loads 21
3. PRELIMINARY DESIGN 22
3.1. Pipes 22
3.1.1. Pressure pre-design 22
3.1.2. Pressure and axial load pre-design 22
3.1.3. Ring pipe stiffness criterion 22
3.1.4. Thicknesses selected for calculations 23
3.1.5. Maximum span length between supports for aboveground pipes 25
3.1.6. Axial buclkling 25
3.2. Bends 25
3.3. Tees 26
3.4. Laminated joints 26
3.5. CAESAR Numerical model description 28
3.5.1. System 1-2 28
3.5.2. System 3 29
3.5.3. System 4 30
3.5.4. System 5 31
3.5.5. System 6 33
3.5.6. System 7 34
3.5.7. Systems 8-11-12 36
3.5.8. System 9 38
3.5.9. System 10 39
3.5.10. System 13 40
3.5.11. SYSTEM 13 –OVERFLOW 42
3.5.12. SYSTEM 14-16 42
3.5.13. SYSTEM 15 44
4. RESULTS 46
4.1. SYSTEM 1-2 46
4.1.1. Restraints loads 46
4.1.2. Stress summary 48
4.1.3. Displacements 49
4.2. SYSTEM 3 49
4.3. SYSTEM 4 53
4.4. SYSTEM 5 56
4.5. SYSTEM 6 59
4.6. SYSTEM 7 63

4.7. SYSTEM 8 – 11 - 12 67
4.8. SYSTEM 9 73
4.8.4. Axial buckling 77
4.9. SYSTEM 10 78
4.10. SYSTEM 13 80
4.10.4. Axial buckling 83
4.11. SYSTEM 13 - OVERFLOW 84
4.12. SYSTEM 14-16 86
4.13. SYSTEM 15 89
1. PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY
The purpose of this study is to perform the preliminary stress and flexibility analysis of a GRP
pipes networks fort BARKA project located at OMAN.
These calculations must guide the design choices on:
 The location of support and especially fixed supports (anchors);
 The order of magnitude of loads on supports;
 The location of expansion bellows.
The function, the loads (forces and moments) and the displacement at each support to
ensure that pipes and connection at equipment are not overstressed. The use of expansion
bellows shall be reduced as possible.
1.1. Reference documents
1.1.1. APPLICABLE REGULATIONS, CODES AND STANDARDS

[1.] NF EN ISO 14692-3 : Petroleum and natural gas industries — Glass-
reinforced plastics (GRP) piping — Part 3: System design
[2.] NF EN 13121-2 : GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground — Part 2:
Composite materials — Chemical resistance
[3.] NF EN 13121-3 : GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground - Part 3:
Design and work-manship
1.2. Software
The calculation software used to perform analysis is CAESAR II developed by COADE –
Version 7.00.03.0100.
2. ASSUMPTIONS NOTE
2.1. GRP pipes systems

GRP pipes systems are identified on the table here after
HYDROSTATIC
OPERATING DESIGN TEST
PRESSURE
PRESSURE
PRESSURE
SYSTEM DESIGNATION
(bar)
(bar)
(bar)
P1 P2 HP
1 SEAWATER INTAKE TO SEADAF 1 3.5 5.25
2 SEADAF 1 3.5 5.25
3 PUPING STATION TO DMGF 1.8 3.5 5.25
4 PUMPING STATION TO CARTRIDGE FILTERS (HP) – (NORTH) 13.6 16 24
5 PUMPING STATION TO CARTRIDGE FILTERS (HP) – (SOUTH) 5.6 7 10.5
6 CARTRIDGE FILTERS BP TO RACK RO 5 6.2 9.3
7 CARTRIDGE FILTERS BP TO RACK RO 13 16 24
8a HP (header on pipe way + branches to HP pump suction) 13 14.5 21.75
8b ERD (line on pipe way + branches to ERD) 2 7 10.5
8f BRINE DRAIN 3.7 5.7 8.55
8g/h FRONT PERMEATE/BACK PERMEATE 2 2.5 3.75
9 SURPRESSED AIR TO DMGF 0.6 1 1.5
10 CIP FLUSHING SYSTEM FROM TANKS TO PUMPS SUCTION 1.1 1.5 2.25
CIP FLUSHING SYSTEM FROM PUMPS DISCHARGE TO

11 6.2 9 13.5
CARTRIDGE FILTER
CIP FLUSHING SYSTEM FROM CARTRIDGE FILTER TO

12 6.2 9 13.5
NETWORK
13a OVERFLOW 1 1 1.5
13b SURPRESSED AIR 0.8 1 1.5

HYDROSTATIC
OPERATING DESIGN TEST
PRESSURE PRESSURE
PRESSURE
SYSTEM DESIGNATION
(bar)
(bar)
(bar)
P1 P2 HP
13c Pumps suction 0.5 1 1.5
13d Pumps discharge – treated water 3.2 4.5 6.75
13e Pumps discharge – drainage water 1.5 3.5 5.25
13f Pumps discharge – dirty water from limestone filters 1.5 2.5 3.75
14 PUMPS DISCHARGE FROM DRAINAGE TANK 1 2 3
15 PUMP DISCHARGE TO DENSADEG 1.7 5.6 8.4
16 PUMP DISCHARGE (FROM DENSADEG EFFLUENT TANK) 1.7 6 9
2.2. Jointing system
2.2.1. Composite/composite joints

 Joint system for composite pipes/composite pipe or fitting is laminated joint.
Minimum interlaminar shear strength (according NFT57-900 and 13121-3): 7 MPa.
2.2.2. Composite/steel joints

 Joint system for composite/steel component is fanged joint.
2.2.3. Thermal Expansions joints
2.2.3.1. Product
Rubber expansion joint are referenced BF-PPS (Bikar products).
The data used in calculation are taken from the table below.
2.2.3.2. Pressure thrust force

CAESAR II calculates the pressure thrust force tending to blow the bellows apart with the
effective ID of the expansion joint.
2.2.3.3. Expansion joint for equipment disassembly or differential settlement

Expansion joints for equipment disassembly or differential settlement are blocked axial
direction. In Caesar model the axial stiffness is 1e10 N/mm. These expansion joint allow only
lateral movements.
2.3. Materials properties
2.3.1. GRP pipes and fittings properties

GRP supplier is not yet defined so thicknesses, resins, fabrication method are not known at
this stage.
Typical preliminary values are given below at 20°C and at Tg - 40°C for:
 55° filament wound glass fiber reinforced matrix pipe (with a fiber mass ratio of 70%)
 Hand lay-up fittings (CSM 30% - WR 50%).
 Continuous winding GRP pipe (hoop roving 70% - CSM 45%).
PIPE PIPE
FITTINGS
(55° FILAMENT (CONTINUOUS
(HAND LAY-UP)
DESIGNATION UNIT WINDING) WINDING)
Tg - Tg -
20°C 20°C 20°C Tg - 40°C
40°C 40°C
Rigidity of GRP aboveground N/m² 2 500
Rigidity of GRP underground N/m² 5 000
Young modulus in the axial direction MPa 9 571 7 683 12 176 11 065 11 626 10 010
Young modulus in the hoop direction MPa 16 299 14 043 12 176 11 065 25 507 23 958
Poisson’s ratio axial to hoop due to

/ 0,44 0,44 0,21 0,2 0,14 0,13
stress in the hoop direction - ʋ12
Poisson’s ratio hoop to axial due to

/ 0,75 0,80 0,21 0,2 0,32 0,32
stress in the axial direction - ʋ21
Shear modulus - G12 MPa 10 476 9 680 3 073 2 600 3 769 3 232
Coefficient of thermal expansion in µm/m

38,8 38,7 27 24,9 25,5 23,5
the axial direction - αa °C
Coefficient of thermal expansion in µm/m.°

6,6 4,6 27 24,9 11,4 10,5
the hoop direction – αh C
Axial tensile stress 1:0 (weeping) MPa 46 37 28 25 / /
Long term HDB (20 years) MPa 160 142 28 25 / /

Failure envelope parameters for plain pipes according to ISO14692 are listed in the following
table.
PIPE
(55° FILAMENT
WINDING)
20°C Tg-40°
al(0,1) 46 37 MPa
al(1,1) 80.0 64.4 MPa
al(2,1) 78.2 62.9 MPa
hl(2,1) 160 142 MPa
hl(1,1) 80 71 MPa
Figure 1 : Failure enveloppe for plain pipes
Fittings (Bends and Tees) are made of FW pipes with HL laminated joints. The strength in
hoop direction is provided by the FW pipe. The qualified stress is calculated to obtain an
axial strength of 28 MPa whatever hoop stress value (i.e r = 1 according to ISO 14692).
Failure envelope parameters for fittings are listed in the following table.
Qualified stress (hoop direction), Qs 56 MPa
Bi-axial stress ratio, r 1
Axial strength al(0,1) Qs.r/2 = 28 MPa
Note: Default material properties for preliminary design calculation are those of 55° filament
winding for plain pipes.
2.3.2. Steel
Following properties for steel material are used (S235 grade):
 Elastic modulus: E= 210000 MPa
 Poisson ratio :  = 0.3

 Density : =7800 kg/m3
 Yield stress: R0.2%=235 MPa
2.4. Loadings
2.4.1. Weight and density
2.4.1.1. GRP and water density
DESIGNATION UNIT VALUE
GRP density daN / m3 1870
Water density daN / m3 1025
Air density (at 120°C) daN / m3 0.9
2.4.1.2. Weight of equipment

 Valves
DN Valve (kg) actuator (kg) TOTAL (kg)
25 1.2 3.8 5
50 3 3.8 6.8
150 8.6 8.5 17.1
200 12.7 8.5 21.2
250 32.1 25.8 57.9
300 48 25.8 73.8
350 56.4 25.8 82.2
400 82.1 25.8 107.9
450 108.9 32.5 141.4
500 144.8 32.5 177.3
600 223.5 129.4 352.9
700 316.7 129.4 446.1
800 461.3 129.4 590.7
900 533 129.4 662.4
1000 722.5 129.4 851.9
1200 1054 129.4 1183.4
1400 1600 129.4 1729.4
 Expansion joints
2.4.2. Temperatures
Plant conditions:
 Maximum ambient temperature in the shade: 50°C
 Minimum ambient temperature : 5°C
 Minimum daily temperature during 2012 and 2013: 1°C
 Minimum temperature for sea water: 22°C
 Maximum temperature for sea water : 35°C
 Erection temperature : between 20°C and 40°C
 Operating temperature : 35°C
 Maximum skin temperature of empty GRP pipes exposed to direct sunlight: 65°C
 Maximum skin temperature of GRP pipes full of water exposed to direct sunlight:
55°C
 Maximum temperature for pipes conveying hot air exposed to direct sunlight: 110°C
 Maximum Temperature for underground GRP pipes conveying: 40°C
Reference erection temperature REF 20°C
Normal operating temperature T1 35°C
Maximum design temperature T2 55°C
Minimum design temperature (*) T3 -15°C
Maximum skin temperature of empty GRP pipes T4 65°C
Note (*): This minimum temperature has been defined considering an 40° C for the erection
temperature and a 5° C for the minimum temperature. The temperature range define this way
is equivalent to the range defined between an 20°C for the erection temperature and a 55°C
for the maximum temperature.
2.4.3. Pressures
Operating, Design, and Hydrotest Pressures are indicated for each pipe system in the table
paragraph 2.2.
Surge pressures are not considered.
2.4.4. Seismic loads

Seismic loads are estimated in accordance with UBC standard with seismic zone 2A.1
UBC
Seismic loads 2A
Soil profile type C
Importance factor Ip 1,25
SS/S1 (ADIBC 2013) 0.56 g/ 0.16 g
SDS/SD1 0.45 g/ 0.18 g
T0/TS 0.11 sec /0.55 sec
1
Literature review shows that a Seismic Design Code is being developed for OMAN. The equivalent
UIBC zone for Barka in this document is zone 1.
Figure 2: design response spectra
Note : Seismic calculations are performed with two different methods :

 static equivalent calculation with the maximum horizontal spectral acceleration
and the total mass
 dynamic calculation
Restraint loadings on supports correspond to the maximum of the static and dynamic
results.
2.4.5. Differential settlement data
2.4.5.1. Differential settlement value

Settlement must be taken in consideration in the pipe stress calculation note. The value for
the settlement value to be taken in consideration for pipes connection to civils works or for
pipes between civil works separate by expansion joint is defined in the table here after:
Long term settlement value for all structures cm 3
2.4.6. Wind load

Data for wind load is indicated in the following table. The wind velocity considered in
calculation corresponds to Design velocity x importance factor: 160X1.25=200 km/h.
Design wind velocity (basic wind) km/h 160
Maximum wind velocity km/h 200
Wind shape factor for transverse wind load - 0.65

Wind exposure 2
Structural damping coef 0.03
Structural classification 2
importance factor 1.25
2.4.7. Loads definition
DESIGNATION
Pipe and water weight W
Empty pipe weight WNC
Operating temperature T1
Maximum design temperature T2
Minimum design temperature T3
Maximum temperature of empty pipes T4
Operating pressure P1
Design pressure P2
Hydrostatic test pressure HP
Wind along +X direction WIN1
Wind along +Y direction WIN2
Acceleration along X direction due to earthquake U1
Acceleration along Y direction due to earthquake U2
Acceleration along Z direction due to earthquake U3
Long term settlement value for all structures D1
Z axis is considered as a vertical axis directed to the top.

2.4.8. Loads combinations
CASE STRESS
LOAD CASE DESIGNATION
NUMBER CATEGORY
L1 W OPERATING OPE
L2 W + D1 + P1 SUSTAIN SUS
L3 W + HP HYDROTEST OCC
L4 W + D1 + T1 + P1 OPERATING OPE
L6 W + T2 + P2 OPERATING OPE
L7 WNC + T4 OPERATING OPE
L9 W + T3 + P2 OPERATING OPE
L10 WNC + T3 OPERATING OPE
L11 W + D1 + T1 + P2 + WIN1 OCCASIONAL OCC
L12 W + D1 + T1 + P2 - WIN1 OCCASIONAL OCC
L13 W + D1 + T1 + P2 + WIN2 OCCASIONAL OCC
L14 W + D1 + T1 + P2 - WIN2 OCCASIONAL OCC
L15 W + D1 + T1 + P2 + U1 + U3 OCCASIONAL OCC
L16 W + D1 + T1 + P2 + U1 – U3 OCCASIONAL OCC
L17 W + D1 + T1 + P2 + U2 + U3 OCCASIONAL OCC
L18 W + D1 + T1 + P2 - U2 – U3 OCCASIONAL OCC

2.4.9. Soil load for buried pipes
2.4.9.1. CAESARII soil model

2.5. Support systems designation

Assuming that the X axis is longitudinal to the pipe, the Y axis transversal (horizontally) to the
pipe and the Z axis vertical:
Code Description X axis Y axis Z axis Symbol
Fixed support:
F  3-way stop with GRE collar Blocked Blocked Blocked
 Flange fixed support
G Guided support Free Blocked Blocked
Free
R Resting guided support (Sliding) Free Blocked upward
only
Free
S Rest support Free Free upward
only
A Axial stop Blocked Free Blocked
W Anchor (wall-embedded) Blocked Blocked Blocked
D Double acting vertical Free Free Blocked
Free
P Vertical rest support Free Free upward
only
V Vertical guided support Blocked Blocked Free
Free
L Vertical resting guided support Blocked Blocked upward
only
Note: no gap is considered
2.6. Safety factors
2.6.1. Partial factor A1 for temperature resistance

The partial factor for temperature is obtained from EN 13121-3 with the following
assumptions:
 HDT ≥ 95°C
 T = Design temperature = 55°C
A1 = 0.8
2.6.2. Partial factor A2 for chemical resistance

Maximum design temperature is 55°C. According To ISO14692-2 Annex D:
A2 = 1
2.6.3. Partial factor A3 for cyclic service

The maximum number of pressure cycles is assumed to be < 7000:
A3 = 1
2.6.4. Partial factor f2 for loads

According To ISO14692
Loading type Load duration f2
Occasional Short-term 0.89
Sustained including thermal loads Long-term 0.83
Sustained excluding thermal loads Long-term 0.67

3. PRELIMINARY DESIGN
3.1. Pipes
3.1.1. Pressure pre-design

The following table gives the minimum structural thicknesses for filament wounded pipes
(55°) calculated with the following formula:
( )With:
 t : minimum thickness to carry internal pressure load

 D : nominal diameter
 P2 : design pressure
 HP : Hydrotest pressure
 HDB : long term strength at Tg-40°C (HDB = 142 MPa)
 Load factor according to ISO 14692 : f2 = 0.67 for Design pressure and f2 = 0.89 for
Hydrotest pressure
 Partial factor for temperature effect A1 = 0.8 (HDT>95°C)
 Partial factor for chemical resistance A2 =1 (water)
 Partial factor for cycling service A3 = 1
Nominal diameter
Desing pressure Test pressure 25 50 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
1 1.5 0.02 0.04 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.5
3 4.5 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.7 3.1 3.6 4.0 4.5
4 6 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.7 3.0 3.6 4.2 4.8 5.4 6.0
6 9 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.7 3.1 3.6 4.0 4.5 5.4 6.3 7.1 8.0 8.9
8 12 0.1 0.3 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.7 3.0 3.6 4.2 4.8 5.4 6.0 7.1 8.3 9.5 10.7 11.9
16 24 0.3 0.6 1.8 2.4 3.0 3.6 4.2 4.8 5.4 6.0 7.1 8.3 9.5 10.7 11.9 14.3 16.7 19.1 21.4 23.8
3.1.2. Pressure and axial load pre-design

The minimum thickness calculated according to ISO 14692 for pressure and non-pressure
axial loads is:
The value of f3 for a component in a complex piping system, where significant non-pressure
stresses can be produced, may be about 0,5. Conversely f3 may have a value of 0,9 or more
if the component is well supported and part of a long pipe run.
Nominal diameter
1 1.5 0.04 0.07 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.7 3.0
3 4.5 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.7 3.1 3.6 4.0 4.5 5.4 6.3 7.1 8.0 8.9
4 6 0.1 0.3 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.7 3.0 3.6 4.2 4.8 5.4 6.0 7.1 8.3 9.5 10.7 11.9
6 9 0.2 0.4 1.3 1.8 2.2 2.7 3.1 3.6 4.0 4.5 5.4 6.3 7.1 8.0 8.9 10.7 12.5 14.3 16.1 17.9
8 12 0.3 0.6 1.8 2.4 3.0 3.6 4.2 4.8 5.4 6.0 7.1 8.3 9.5 10.7 11.9 14.3 16.7 19.1 21.4 23.8
16 24 0.6 1.2 3.6 4.8 6.0 7.1 8.3 9.5 10.7 11.9 14.3 16.7 19.1 21.4 23.8 28.6 33.4 38.1 42.9 47.6
3.1.3. Ring pipe stiffness criterion

The minimum ring stiffness of pipes is fixed to PS=2500Pa for aboveground pipes and
PS=5000Pa for underground pipes.
The minimum pipes thicknesses (in mm) required to verify this criterion are listed in the
tables below.
( )
Underground pipes, objective PS = 5000 Pa:
Nominal diameter
25 50 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
FW 55° 20°C E=16299 MPa 0.4 0.8 2.3 3.1 3.9 4.6 5.4 6.2 6.9 7.7 9.3 10.8 12.4 13.9 15.4 18.5 21.6 24.7 27.8 30.9
FW 55° Tg-40°C E=14043 MPa 0.4 0.8 2.4 3.2 4.1 4.9 5.7 6.5 7.3 8.1 9.7 11.4 13.0 14.6 16.2 19.5 22.7 26.0 29.2 32.5
CW 55° 20°C E=25507 MPa 0.3 0.7 2.0 2.7 3.3 4.0 4.7 5.3 6.0 6.6 8.0 9.3 10.6 12.0 13.3 16.0 18.6 21.3 23.9 26.6
CW 55° Tg-40°C E=23958 MPa 0.3 0.7 2.0 2.7 3.4 4.1 4.8 5.4 6.1 6.8 8.1 9.5 10.9 12.2 13.6 16.3 19.0 21.7 24.4 27.2
Aboveground pipes, objective PS = 2500 Pa:
Nominal diameter
25 50 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
FW 55° 20°C E2=16299 MPa 0.3 0.6 1.8 2.5 3.1 3.7 4.3 4.9 5.5 6.1 7.4 8.6 9.8 11.0 12.3 14.7 17.2 19.6 22.1 24.5
FW 55° Tg-40°C E2=14043 MPa 0.3 0.6 1.9 2.6 3.2 3.9 4.5 5.2 5.8 6.4 7.7 9.0 10.3 11.6 12.9 15.5 18.0 20.6 23.2 25.8
CW 55° 20°C E2=25507 MPa 0.3 0.5 1.6 2.1 2.6 3.2 3.7 4.2 4.8 5.3 6.3 7.4 8.4 9.5 10.6 12.7 14.8 16.9 19.0 21.1
CW 55° Tg-40°C E2=23958 MPa 0.3 0.5 1.6 2.2 2.7 3.2 3.8 4.3 4.9 5.4 6.5 7.5 8.6 9.7 10.8 12.9 15.1 17.2 19.4 21.6
3.1.4. Thicknesses selected for calculations

Calculation are performed assuming that all pipes are 55° filament wounded pipes, for both
aboveground and underground pipes.
The thickness selected corresponds to the maximum thickness calculated for FW55° at Tg-
40° for pressure and axial load criterion (3.1.2) and ring stiffness criterion (3.1.3).
Aboveground pipes:
Nominal diameter
1 1.5 0.3 0.6 1.9 2.6 3.2 3.9 4.5 5.2 5.8 6.4 7.7 9.0 10.3 11.6 12.9 15.5 18.0 20.6 23.2 25.8
3 4.5 0.3 0.6 1.9 2.6 3.2 3.9 4.5 5.2 5.8 6.4 7.7 9.0 10.3 11.6 12.9 15.5 18.0 20.6 23.2 25.8
4 6 0.3 0.6 1.9 2.6 3.2 3.9 4.5 5.2 5.8 6.4 7.7 9.0 10.3 11.6 12.9 15.5 18.0 20.6 23.2 25.8
6 9 0.3 0.6 1.9 2.6 3.2 3.9 4.5 5.2 5.8 6.4 7.7 9.0 10.3 11.6 12.9 15.5 18.0 20.6 23.2 25.8
8 12 0.3 0.6 1.9 2.6 3.2 3.9 4.5 5.2 5.8 6.4 7.7 9.0 10.3 11.6 12.9 15.5 18.0 20.6 23.2 25.8
16 24 0.6 1.2 3.6 4.8 6.0 7.1 8.3 9.5 10.7 11.9 14.3 16.7 19.1 21.4 23.8 28.6 33.4 38.1 42.9 47.6
Underground pipes:
Nominal diameter
1 1.5 0.4 0.8 2.4 3.2 4.1 4.9 5.7 6.5 7.3 8.1 9.7 11.4 13.0 14.6 16.2 19.5 22.7 26.0 29.2 32.5
3 4.5 0.4 0.8 2.4 3.2 4.1 4.9 5.7 6.5 7.3 8.1 9.7 11.4 13.0 14.6 16.2 19.5 22.7 26.0 29.2 32.5
4 6 0.4 0.8 2.4 3.2 4.1 4.9 5.7 6.5 7.3 8.1 9.7 11.4 13.0 14.6 16.2 19.5 22.7 26.0 29.2 32.5
6 9 0.4 0.8 2.4 3.2 4.1 4.9 5.7 6.5 7.3 8.1 9.7 11.4 13.0 14.6 16.2 19.5 22.7 26.0 29.2 32.5
8 12 0.4 0.8 2.4 3.2 4.1 4.9 5.7 6.5 7.3 8.1 9.7 11.4 13.0 14.6 16.2 19.5 22.7 26.0 29.2 32.5
16 24 0.6 1.2 3.6 4.8 6.0 7.1 8.3 9.5 10.7 11.9 14.3 16.7 19.1 21.4 23.8 28.6 33.4 38.1 42.9 47.6
The vacuum buckling strength with selected thicknesses is indicated in the following tables :
Aboveground pipes:
( )
 E2 : hoop modulus
 D pipe diameter
 t : pipe thickness
Nominal diameter
Desing Test
pressure pressure 25 50 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
1 1.5 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63%
3 4.5 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63%
4 6 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63%
6 9 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63%
8 12 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63% 63%
16 24 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
Underground pipes:
√ ⁄
 Rw= 1 (No effect of water table)

 H : buried height to top of pipe = 3000mm
 D : pipe diameter
 E’ : composite modulus of soil reaction =6.9MPa
 E2 : hoop modulus
 Ip : moment of inertia of pipe wall ring bending
 W : soil pressure = 0.05MPa
Nominal diameter
Desing Test
1 1.5 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
3 4.5 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
4 6 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
6 9 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
8 12 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
16 24 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
3.1.5. Maximum span length between supports for aboveground pipes

The following table gives the maximum span length (in mm) according to ISO 14692
deflection criterion. The maximum deflection is 0,5 % of span or 12,5 mm, whichever is
smaller.
Nominal diameter
Desing Test
ISO 14692 2 2.6 3.5 3.7 4 4.2 4.4 4.8 4.8 5.5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
1 1.5 0.8 1.8 3.2 3.7 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.8 4.8 5.5 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0
3 4.5 1.3 1.8 3.2 3.7 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.8 4.8 5.5 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0
4 6 1.3 1.8 3.2 3.7 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.8 4.8 5.5 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0
6 9 1.3 1.8 3.2 3.7 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.8 4.8 5.5 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0
8 12 1.3 1.8 3.2 3.7 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.8 4.8 5.5 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0
16 24 1.5 2.1 3.5 3.7 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.8 4.8 5.5 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0
3.1.6. Axial buclkling

The axial buckling strength due to impeded thermal expansion is analyzed for maximum
design temperature of 55°C.
The following table gives the maximum beam effective buckling length in terms of nominal
diameters and design pressure.
The calculation assumes that the pipes ends are pined.
maximum beam effective length for blocked thermal expansion (DT=+35°C), in mm
Nominal diameter
25 50 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
439 879 2636 3514 4393 5271 6150 7028 7907 8785 10542 12299 14056 15813 17570 21084 24598 28112 31626 35141
444 888 2665 3553 4441 5329 6217 7105 7994 8882 10658 12434 14211 15987 17763 21316 24869 28422 31974 35527
Considering maximum span length given in 3.1.5, there is no risk of axial buckling failure at
design temperature of 55°C.
Special case of supressed air at 120°C is presented in System9 and System13 results.
3.2. Bends
The pre-design of bends is performed with long term hoop stress component according ISO
14692 with the following assumptions:
 Hand Lay-up material long term strength S = 107.5 MPa
 Radius of bend = 1.5D
 Stress intensification factor = 2.5 for all bending stresses
 Pressure stress multiplier mpsb = 1 for smooth bend and mpsb=1.3 for mitred bends
 Hoop bending stress = hoop pressure stress (without SIF)
 No effect of torsion
( )
The thickness specified in tables corresponds to over-thickness of Hand lay-up material

(without pipe thickness).
Smooth bends:
Nominal diameter
Desing pressure 25 50 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
1 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.7 2.0 2.3 2.6 2.9 3.5 4.1 4.7 5.2 5.8
3 0.2 0.4 1.3 1.7 2.2 2.6 3.1 3.5 3.9 4.4 5.2 6.1 7.0 7.9 8.7 10.5 12.2 14.0 15.7 17.5
4 0.3 0.6 1.7 2.3 2.9 3.5 4.1 4.7 5.2 5.8 7.0 8.2 9.3 10.5 11.7 14.0 16.3 18.7 21.0 23.3
6 0.4 0.9 2.6 3.5 4.4 5.2 6.1 7.0 7.9 8.7 10.5 12.2 14.0 15.7 17.5 21.0 24.5 28.0 31.5 35.0
8 0.6 1.2 3.5 4.7 5.8 7.0 8.2 9.3 10.5 11.7 14.0 16.3 18.7 21.0 23.3 28.0 32.7 37.3 42.0 46.7
16 1.2 2.3 7.0 9.3 11.7 14.0 16.3 18.7 21.0 23.3 28.0 32.7 37.3 42.0 46.7 56.0 65.3 74.6 84.0 93.3
Mitred bends:
Nominal diameter
Desing pressure 25 50 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
1 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.9 2.2 2.5 2.8 3.2 3.8 4.4 5.1 5.7 6.3
3 0.2 0.5 1.4 1.9 2.4 2.8 3.3 3.8 4.3 4.7 5.7 6.6 7.6 8.5 9.5 11.4 13.3 15.2 17.1 19.0
4 0.3 0.6 1.9 2.5 3.2 3.8 4.4 5.1 5.7 6.3 7.6 8.9 10.1 11.4 12.7 15.2 17.7 20.3 22.8 25.3
6 0.5 0.9 2.8 3.8 4.7 5.7 6.6 7.6 8.5 9.5 11.4 13.3 15.2 17.1 19.0 22.8 26.6 30.4 34.2 38.0
8 0.6 1.3 3.8 5.1 6.3 7.6 8.9 10.1 11.4 12.7 15.2 17.7 20.3 22.8 25.3 30.4 35.5 40.5 45.6 50.6
16 1.3 2.5 7.6 10.1 12.7 15.2 17.7 20.3 22.8 25.3 30.4 35.5 40.5 45.6 50.6 60.8 70.9 81.0 91.2 101.3
3.3. Tees
The pre-design of Tees is performed with long term hoop stress component according ISO
14692 with the following assumptions:
 Hand Lay-up material ultimate strength S = 107.5 MPa
 Pressure stress multiplier mpst = 3
 No effect of torsion
 No effect of hoop bending stress
The thickness specified in the following table corresponds to over-thickness of Hand lay-up
material (without pipe thickness).
Nominal diameter
Desing
pressure 25 50 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
1 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.7 2.0 2.2 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
3 0.2 0.4 1.1 1.5 1.9 2.2 2.6 3.0 3.4 3.7 4.5 5.2 6.0 6.7 7.5 9.0 10.5 12.0 13.5 15.0
4 0.2 0.5 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0
6 0.4 0.7 2.2 3.0 3.7 4.5 5.2 6.0 6.7 7.5 9.0 10.5 12.0 13.5 15.0 18.0 21.0 24.0 27.0 30.0
8 0.5 1.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0 24.0 28.0 32.0 36.0 40.0
16 1.0 2.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0 24.0 28.0 32.0 36.0 40.0 48.0 56.0 64.0 72.0 80.0
3.4. Laminated joints

The design of laminated joint length is performed with interlaminar shear stress under
pressure thrust force.
 Interlaminar shear strength: 7 MPa (based on mean stress)
The following table lists the minimum joint length for each pipe diameter and pressure
condition.
Nominal diameter
Desing Test
1 1.5 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
3 4.5 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 101.4 112.6 150.0 157.7 180.2 202.7 225.3
4 6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 104.9 119.9 150.0 150.0 179.9 209.9 239.8 269.8 299.8
6 9 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.8 112.0 150.0 156.8 179.2 201.6 224.0 268.8 313.6 358.5 403.3 448.1
8 12 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 104.2 119.1 150.0 150.0 178.6 208.3 238.1 267.9 297.6 357.2 416.7 476.2 535.7 595.3
16 24 100.0 100.0 100.0 117.4 150.0 176.1 205.4 234.8 264.1 293.4 352.1 410.8 469.5 528.2 586.9 704.3 821.6 939.0 1056.4 1173.8
The design of laminated joint thickness is performed with Long term tensile stress under
pressure thrust force.
The following table lists the minimum joint thickness for each pipe diameter and pressure
condition.
Nominal diameter
Desing Test
1 1.5 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.3 2.6 3.0 3.4 3.8
3 4.5 0.1 0.3 0.8 1.1 1.4 1.7 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.4 3.9 4.5 5.1 5.6 6.8 7.9 9.0 10.1 11.3
4 6 0.2 0.4 1.1 1.5 1.9 2.2 2.6 3.0 3.4 3.7 4.5 5.2 6.0 6.7 7.5 9.0 10.5 12.0 13.5 15.0
6 9 0.3 0.6 1.7 2.2 2.8 3.4 3.9 4.5 5.0 5.6 6.7 7.8 9.0 10.1 11.2 13.4 15.7 17.9 20.2 22.4
8 12 0.4 0.7 2.2 3.0 3.7 4.5 5.2 6.0 6.7 7.4 8.9 10.4 11.9 13.4 14.9 17.9 20.8 23.8 26.8 29.8
16 24 0.7 1.5 4.4 5.9 7.3 8.8 10.3 11.7 13.2 14.7 17.6 20.5 23.5 26.4 29.3 35.2 41.1 47.0 52.8 58.7
3.5. CAESAR Numerical model description
3.5.1. System 1-2

Input data file : SYSTEM1-2.OUT (see LOAD_ON_SUPPORTS_SYSTEM_1_2.xlsx)
Figure 3 : CAESAR model
Figure 4 : Design pressure

Figure 5 : Design temperature
3.5.2. System 3
Input data file : SYSTEM3.OUT (see LOAD_ON_SUPPORTS_SYSTEM_3.xlsx)
Figure 6: CAESAR model

Figure 7: Design pressure and design temperature
3.5.3. System 4
Input data file: SYSTEM4.OUT (see LOAD_ON_SUPPORTS_SYSTEM_4.xlsx)

Figure 9: design pressure
Figure 10: design temperature
3.5.4. System 5

3.5.5. System 6
Input data file: SYSTEM6.OUT (see LOAD_ON_SUPPORTS_SYSTEM_6.xlsx).
Note: a portion of System8 (filtrate dweer) is integrated in System6 in order to minimize

rigidity error.

3.5.6. System 7
Note: a portion of System8 (filtrate HP) is integrated in System7 in order to minimize rigidity
error.

3.5.7. Systems 8-11-12

Input data file: SYSTEM8_11_12.OUT (see LOAD_ON_SUPPORTS_SYSTEM_8-11-
12.xlsx)
Systems 8, 11 and 12 are grouped in one calculation model.

Figure 21: design pressure and design temperature

3.5.8. System 9
Note : the HDT of the matrix system is assumed to be greater than 145°C. Therefore the
mechanical properties of GRP pipes used in calculation for T=105°C are those at Tg-40°C.
3.5.9. System 10
Input data file : SYSTEM10.OUT (see LOAD_ON_SUPPORTS_SYSTEM_10.xlsx).

3.5.10. System 13


3.5.11. SYSTEM 13 –OVERFLOW

Input data file: SYSTEM13_OVERFLOW.OUT (see
LOAD_ON_SUPPORTS_SYSTEM_13_OVERFLOW.xlsx)
3.5.12. SYSTEM 14-16

Input data file: SYSTEM14-16.OUT (see LOAD_ON_SUPPORTS_SYSTEM_14-16.xlsx)

3.5.13. SYSTEM 15

Figure 36: Design pressure
Figure 37: Design temperature

4. RESULTS
4.1. SYSTEM 1-2
4.1.1. Restraints loads

Restraints loadings at all the support location are calculated and summarized in annexed file
LOAD_ON_SUPPORTS_SYSTEM1-2.xlsx.
The following tables give the maximum loadings on fixed supports.
OPE (Operating conditions)
Node
number Support Type fL N fT N fz N
275 Rigid X; Rigid Y; Rigid Z -622175 403 73847
420 Rigid X; Rigid Y; Rigid Z 595943 -30977 179500
1380 Rigid X; Rigid Y; Rigid Z 898248 188499 751786
OCC (Seismic/Wind conditions)
Node
2510 Rigid X; Rigid Y; Rigid Z -100346 -10681 22360
HYD (Hydrotest conditions)
Node
Restraints loadings for rigid anchors supports (at the ends of the model or at equipment
connections) are calculated and summarized in annexed file
LOAD_ON_SUPPORTS_SYSTEM1-2.xlsx. For rigid anchor next to free expansion joint, the
force fL includes the pressure thrust force. A corrected value is calculated for analyzing the
flange of the equipment.
The following tables give the maximum restraints loads on rigid anchors.
Node number Support Type fL N fT N fz N mL N.m mT N.m mZ N.m
20 Rigid ANC 93151.9 132 3385 261 -169 16
535 Rigid ANC 47704.1 -8763 3111 250 215 1535
635 Rigid ANC 21920.5 14386 2989 -59 195 -2518
960 Rigid ANC 91399.7 -133 3361 86 167 17
1160 Rigid ANC 89791.3 -49 3361 140 167 6
3090 Rigid ANC 17962.8 -24 5280 -106 2591 22
3190 Rigid ANC 15273.8 16 5270 98 2583 -15
3290 Rigid ANC 13460.5 31 5262 196 2575 -29
3390 Rigid ANC 12309.8 51 5255 325 2569 -47
3490 Rigid ANC 11872.0 121 5255 882 2570 -110
3590 Rigid ANC 17512.9 5 5288 16 2599 -4
3690 Rigid ANC 15173.9 -12 5278 -178 2590 11
3790 Rigid ANC 13720.4 -23 5269 -352 2582 21
3890 Rigid ANC 13090.3 -41 5268 -978 2581 37
20 Rigid ANC 86412.2 -1972 3757 -1560 -188 -104
535 Rigid ANC 135434.6 -35045 3516 -102 248 5941
635 Rigid ANC 53734.6 -34268 3328 -65 218 6000
960 Rigid ANC 84316.5 1884 3738 97 185 -93
1160 Rigid ANC 82948.6 1924 3738 187 185 -98
3090 Rigid ANC 19997.0 -2668 5718 -1199 2743 1183
3190 Rigid ANC 17857.0 -2629 5712 -1116 2738 1147
3290 Rigid ANC 19009.0 -2610 5708 -950 2733 1130
3390 Rigid ANC 22316.0 -2589 5703 -873 2729 1111
3490 Rigid ANC 16179.0 -2486 5695 1449 2722 1017
3590 Rigid ANC 31606.1 2615 5731 988 2754 -1134
3690 Rigid ANC 29920.4 2593 5725 1151 2749 -1115
3790 Rigid ANC 28979.2 2580 5720 1074 2745 -1102
3890 Rigid ANC 28563.1 2524 5717 -1522 2742 -1052

20 Rigid ANC 107852.7 -6 3361 22 -167 -1
535 Rigid ANC 12530.2 -2521 3082 -26 210 440
635 Rigid ANC 5511.2 -814 2990 -55 195 143
960 Rigid ANC 105004.0 -8 3361 7 167 1
1160 Rigid ANC 102805.9 23 3361 110 167 -3
3090 Rigid ANC 3281.5 -1 5023 -17 2359 1
3190 Rigid ANC 3089.5 1 5023 14 2359 -1
3290 Rigid ANC 2993.4 4 5022 25 2358 -3
3390 Rigid ANC 2922.9 6 5021 50 2357 -6
3490 Rigid ANC 2766.8 38 5013 80 2349 -35
3590 Rigid ANC 4601.2 2 5027 6 2362 -2
3690 Rigid ANC 3752.5 -2 5025 -25 2360 1
3790 Rigid ANC 3223.7 -3 5022 -53 2357 3
3890 Rigid ANC 2865.7 -24 5012 -114 2349 22
4.1.2. Stress summary

According to pipes thicknesses, strength properties and supports conditions, stresses are
within the code allowable limits.
The following table lists the maximum stress ratio for each load case.
Calculated stress Code allowable Stress
Node
(MPa) stress (MPa) ratio (%)
CASE 1 (OPE) W 2510 13.7 31 44.1
CASE 2 (SUS) W+D1+P1 2510 15.6 32.5 48.1
CASE 3 (OCC) W+HP 1450 24.8 25 99.2
CASE 4 (OPE) W+D1+T1+P1 2510 15.5 39.8 38.9
CASE 5 (OPE) W+D1+T2+P2 800 16.8 18.6 90.4
CASE 6 (OPE) W+T2+P2 800 16.8 18.6 90.4
CASE 7 (OPE) WNC+T4 1711 12.4 18.6 66.5
CASE 8 (OPE) W+D1+T3+P2 1020 16.7 23.2 71.7
CASE 9 (OPE) W+T3+P2 1020 16.7 23.2 71.7
CASE 10 (OPE) WNC+T3 290 9.3 23.2 40.2
CASE 11 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN1 1020 16.6 25 66.4
CASE 12 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN1 1020 16.6 25 66.4
CASE 13 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN2 1020 16.6 25 66.4
CASE 14 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN2 1020 16.6 25 66.4
CASE 15 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1+U2 1020 17.7 25 70.8
CASE 16 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1-U2 1020 17.7 25 71
CASE 17 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U2+U3 120 13.3 25 53.4
CASE 18 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-U2+U3 120 14.3 25 57.4
Note: Calcultions show that a large thickness is required in the collector in front of the
building. A special study of this area should be performed.
4.1.3. Displacements
Maximum vertical deflection under sustained load case 2 is 8mm, which is lower than the
allowable limit of ISO 14692 of 12.5mm.
Maximum compression of DN200 expansion joint is -42mm (CASE 7 (OPE) WNC+T4).
Maximum extension of DN2000 expansion joint is 47.4 (CASE 9 (OPE) W+T3+P2).
4.2. SYSTEM 3

LOAD_ON_SUPPORTS_SYSTEM3.xlsx
Node
2665 Rigid X; Rigid Y; Rigid Z -69610 -24847 -1551
Node
2665 Rigid X; Rigid Y; Rigid Z -45638 20478 -11902

Node
LOAD_ON_SUPPORTS_SYSTEM3.xlsx. For rigid anchor next to free expansion joint, the
force fL includes the pressure thrust force. A corrected value is calculated. A corrected value
is calculated for analyzing the flange of the equipment.
1040 Rigid ANC 47275.9 -4616 9111 -25 6057 5884
1140 Rigid ANC 47269.5 4600 7619 25 4220 -4871
1240 Rigid ANC 47254.7 -3779 8876 -31 5646 4251
1340 Rigid ANC 47245.1 3782 8371 31 5015 -4005
1440 Rigid ANC 47317.6 3813 8848 32 5615 -4289
1540 Rigid ANC 47174.6 -3808 7689 -32 4209 3652
1640 Rigid ANC 46824.3 4627 8103 22 4776 -5203
1740 Rigid ANC 47675.5 -4554 7592 -22 4192 4823
1840 Rigid ANC 47671.9 4531 7991 17 4650 -5084
1940 Rigid ANC 46827.8 -4616 7590 -17 4189 4901
2040 Rigid ANC 47185.7 3798 8791 31 5547 -4261
2140 Rigid ANC 47314.2 -3816 8389 -31 5038 4053
2240 Rigid ANC 47209.4 -3767 9015 -30 5790 4226
2340 Rigid ANC 47295.7 3795 8364 30 5011 -4029
2440 Rigid ANC 47531.7 -4202 8349 -6 5040 4715
2540 Rigid ANC 47000.1 4245 7454 6 4046 -4507
2695 Rigid ANC 22807.1 -2952 -320 14 -94 874
2895 Rigid ANC 22807.1 -3235 104 -1 31 958
3095 Rigid ANC 22807.1 -2143 -307 -9 -91 634

Node Support
number Type fL N fT N fz N mL N.m mT N.m mZ N.m
1040 Rigid ANC 63412.0 3461 10094 -23 6684 4204
1140 Rigid ANC 47423.6 4805 8431 23 4647 -5011
1240 Rigid ANC 53374.2 4335 9711 -29 6098 -2437
1340 Rigid ANC 46880.9 -4087 9151 29 5410 2163
1440 Rigid ANC 53695.0 5071 9659 29 6061 -3265
1540 Rigid ANC 46867.4 -4455 8397 -29 4532 2492
1640 Rigid ANC 55719.0 6844 8907 16 5258 -5259
1740 Rigid ANC 47302.3 -6579 8383 -16 4625 4802
1840 Rigid ANC 56048.0 6928 8858 15 5141 -5345
1940 Rigid ANC 46929.7 -6696 8409 -15 4628 4934
2040 Rigid ANC 53633.3 5062 9624 29 5998 -3252
2140 Rigid ANC 46913.5 -4840 9175 -29 5438 2963
2240 Rigid ANC 54036.5 4311 9827 -28 6229 -2409
2340 Rigid ANC 46925.7 -4112 9254 28 5519 2189
2440 Rigid ANC 53420.9 3073 9026 -5 5331 2617
2540 Rigid ANC 46839.5 -2823 8418 5 4631 -2080
2695 Rigid ANC 22510.4 -1474 -1420 15 417 426
2895 Rigid ANC 22510.4 -1595 -1670 12 490 462
3095 Rigid ANC 22510.4 -1759 -1166 9 -342 517
Node Support
1040 Rigid ANC 69399.4 -412 9073 -21 6008 525
1140 Rigid ANC 69414.9 426 7578 21 4177 -451
1240 Rigid ANC 69405.5 -2086 8729 -26 5481 2346
1340 Rigid ANC 69437.6 2087 8226 26 4863 -2210
1440 Rigid ANC 69419.1 2101 8683 26 5429 -2364
1540 Rigid ANC 69475.8 -2108 7548 -26 4074 2022
1640 Rigid ANC 69369.7 416 8006 14 4668 -468
1740 Rigid ANC 69473.4 -412 7535 -14 4130 436
1840 Rigid ANC 69445.2 411 7962 13 4618 -461
1940 Rigid ANC 69397.9 -416 7557 -13 4154 442
2040 Rigid ANC 69402.7 2103 8651 26 5391 -2359
2140 Rigid ANC 69440.4 -2103 8245 -26 4885 2233
2240 Rigid ANC 69427.4 -2084 8825 -25 5582 2338
2340 Rigid ANC 69420.4 2090 8082 25 4717 -2219
2440 Rigid ANC 69329.4 -377 8105 -5 4773 423
2540 Rigid ANC 69539.8 373 7267 5 3852 -396
2695 Rigid ANC 32954.5 -231 -39 2 -11 68
2895 Rigid ANC 32954.5 -259 49 0 14 76
3095 Rigid ANC 32954.5 -154 -94 -1 -28 45

Calculated stress Code allowable
Node Stress ratio (%)
(MPa) stress (MPa)
CASE 1 (OPE) W 290 6.4 18.8 34
CASE 2 (SUS) W+D1+P1 290 8 18.8 42.9
CASE 3 (OCC) W+HP 279 14.6 25 58.7
CASE 4 (OPE) W+D1+T1+P1 130 8.8 23.2 38
CASE 5 (OPE) W+D1+T2+P2 130 17.5 18.6 94.1
CASE 6 (OPE) W+T2+P2 130 17.4 18.6 93.3
CASE 7 (OPE) WNC+T4 130 18.1 18.6 97.6
CASE 8 (OPE) W+D1+T3+P2 259 19.3 23.2 82.9
CASE 9 (OPE) W+T3+P2 259 19.3 23.2 82.9
CASE 10 (OPE) WNC+T3 130 16.7 23.2 71.9
CASE 11 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN1 279 12.3 25 49.4
CASE 12 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN1 279 11.7 25 46.8
CASE 13 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN2 279 12.4 25 49.6
CASE 14 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN2 279 11.4 25 45.7
CASE 15 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1+U2 279 20.6 25 82.6
CASE 16 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1-U2 279 21.6 25 86.5
CASE 17 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U2+U3 279 18.7 25 75
CASE 18 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-U2+U3 279 19 25 76.1
Maximum vertical deflection under sustained load case 2 is 14.1mm, which is a little higher
than the allowable limit of ISO 14692 of 12.5mm.
Maximum compression of expansion joint is -33.8mm (CASE 7 (OPE) WNC+T4).
Maximum extension of expansion joint is 47.1 (CASE 9 (OPE) W+T3+P2).
4.3. SYSTEM 4

LOAD_ON_SUPPORTS_SYSTEM4.xlsx.
Node
3500 Rigid Z; Rigid X; Rigid Y -92242 -74364 -797
4500 Rigid Y; Rigid Z; Rigid X -101306 -87930 -1657
6500 Rigid Z; Rigid X; Rigid Y -62250 -29107 2340
7500 Rigid Y; Rigid Z; Rigid X -42274 3585 -2507
Node
3500 Rigid Z; Rigid X; Rigid Y -27206 47197 -15189
Node
Note: ND200 expansion joints at pump connections are assumed to be pressure balanced.

Node Support
2601 Rigid ANC 265.4 127 -2 204 0 -17
3601 Rigid ANC 265.4 125 -8 366 -1 -17
4601 Rigid ANC 265.4 151 8 645 1 -20
5601 Rigid ANC 265.4 99 -10 813 -1 -13
6601 Rigid ANC 265.4 42 -11 952 -1 -6
7601 Rigid ANC 265.4 21 -13 1078 -2 -3
8450 Rigid ANC 2570.6 -598 -2405 98 -300 74
8900 Rigid ANC 2538.3 -640 -2416 43 -301 80
9400 Rigid ANC 2540.1 -650 -2409 20 -300 81
9900 Rigid ANC 2546.3 -647 -2401 9 -299 81
10400 Rigid ANC 2560.3 -637 -2374 1 -296 79
10900 Rigid ANC 2570.1 -638 -2384 -9 -297 80
11400 Rigid ANC 2556.0 -638 -2388 -21 -298 80
11900 Rigid ANC 2557.9 -636 -2383 -35 -297 79
12400 Rigid ANC 2559.7 -632 -2375 -56 -296 79
12900 Rigid ANC 2568.5 -628 -2364 -84 -294 78
13400 Rigid ANC 2760.5 -614 -2310 -124 -288 77
Node Support
2601 Rigid ANC 39.4 76 -60 7575 -6803 -4734
3601 Rigid ANC 39.4 80 -65 6575 -6258 -4416
4601 Rigid ANC 39.4 86 -64 5575 -5034 -4362
5601 Rigid ANC 39.4 83 -64 4575 -7103 -5280
6601 Rigid ANC 39.4 105 -65 3575 -5330 -5501
7601 Rigid ANC 39.4 125 -67 2575 -6798 -3660
8450 Rigid ANC 2546.1 -439 -1457 8100 -3214 861
8900 Rigid ANC 2452.3 -471 -1471 -8600 -2547 682
9400 Rigid ANC 2458.6 -478 -1466 -9100 -2801 750
9900 Rigid ANC 2480.0 -475 -1458 -9600 -2661 713
10400 Rigid ANC 2494.4 -471 -1453 -10100 -3047 816
10900 Rigid ANC 732.2 -468 -1571 -10600 -2070 555
11400 Rigid ANC 2510.5 -465 -1446 -11100 -2715 727
11900 Rigid ANC 2517.2 -461 -1442 -11600 -2456 658
12400 Rigid ANC 2522.1 -457 -1435 -12100 -2354 631
12900 Rigid ANC 2536.3 -451 -1426 -12600 -2121 568
13400 Rigid ANC 2781.3 -433 -1375 -13100 -2214 593

Node Support
2601 Rigid ANC -290.2 22 0 45 0 -3
3601 Rigid ANC -290.2 22 -2 74 0 -3
4601 Rigid ANC -290.2 26 0 157 0 -4
5601 Rigid ANC -290.2 17 -2 187 0 -2
6601 Rigid ANC -290.2 6 -2 222 0 -1
7601 Rigid ANC -290.2 -5 -4 246 -1 1
8450 Rigid ANC 764.0 -164 -658 50 -82 20
8900 Rigid ANC 718.1 -178 -666 25 -83 22
9400 Rigid ANC 720.9 -181 -664 13 -83 23
9900 Rigid ANC 731.1 -179 -660 6 -82 22
10400 Rigid ANC 738.1 -177 -657 1 -82 22
10900 Rigid ANC 1575.7 -360 -1347 -4 -167 45
11400 Rigid ANC 745.3 -173 -654 -11 -81 22
11900 Rigid ANC 747.9 -171 -651 -19 -81 21
12400 Rigid ANC 749.9 -168 -648 -30 -81 21
12900 Rigid ANC 756.1 -165 -644 -43 -80 21
13400 Rigid ANC 1034.5 -143 -574 -62 -72 18

(MPa) stress (MPa)
CASE 1 (OPE) W 4100 2.7 30.9 8.7
CASE 2 (SUS) W+D1+P1 40 26.1 37.5 69.5
CASE 3 (OCC) W+HP 40 46 49.9 92.2
CASE 4 (OPE) W+D1+T1+P1 950 14.2 23.2 60.9
CASE 5 (OPE) W+D1+T2+P2 950 17.7 18.6 95.2
CASE 6 (OPE) W+T2+P2 950 17.7 18.6 95.2
CASE 7 (OPE) WNC+T4 4399 13.4 18.6 72.2
CASE 8 (OPE) W+D1+T3+P2 4399 15.4 23.2 66.5
CASE 9 (OPE) W+T3+P2 4399 15.4 23.2 66.5
CASE 10 (OPE) WNC+T3 4399 12.1 23.2 51.9
CASE 11 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN1 950 15.6 25 62.4
CASE 12 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN1 950 15.7 25 62.8
CASE 13 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN2 950 15.6 25 62.6
CASE 14 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN2 950 15.6 25 62.6
CASE 15 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1+U2 950 16 25 64.3
CASE 16 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1-U2 950 16 25 64.3
CASE 17 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U2+U3 950 16.2 25 65
CASE 18 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-U2+U3 950 16.2 25 65
Maximum vertical deflection under sustained load case 2 is 2.5mm, which is a lower than the
allowable limit of ISO 14692 of -12.5mm.
Maximum compression of expansion joint is -4.6mm (CASE 7 (OPE) WNC+T4).
Maximum extension of expansion joint is 5.1mm (CASE 9 (OPE) W+T3+P2).
4.4. SYSTEM 5

Node
3500 Rigid Z; Rigid X; Rigid Y -47154 -42189 -2257
4500 Rigid Y; Rigid Z; Rigid X -61351 -58164 -1092
7500 Rigid Y; Rigid Z; Rigid X -30307 -19431 3072
Node
2500 Rigid X; Rigid Y; Rigid Z 53267 70695 -15021
3500 Rigid Z; Rigid X; Rigid Y 34732 49749 -13595
4500 Rigid Y; Rigid Z; Rigid X 24401 37792 -15857
7500 Rigid Y; Rigid Z; Rigid X 33284 45916 -13137
Node
3500 Rigid Z; Rigid X; Rigid Y -15860 4199 234
4500 Rigid Y; Rigid Z; Rigid X -14896 5765 135
Note: ND200 expansion joints at pump connections are assumed to be pressure balanced.
2600 Rigid ANC 408.2 47 -11 -552 -1 -4
3600 Rigid ANC 408.2 66 -9 -381 -1 -5
4600 Rigid ANC 408.2 96 4 -155 0 -8
5600 Rigid ANC 408.2 95 -5 166 0 -8
6600 Rigid ANC 408.2 62 9 400 1 -5
7600 Rigid ANC 408.2 40 -12 577 -1 -3
8451 Rigid ANC 2920.0 -688 2386 -15 357 102
8901 Rigid ANC 2921.8 -645 2354 -26 352 96
9401 Rigid ANC 2924.4 -631 2350 -24 351 94
9901 Rigid ANC 2925.3 -629 2351 -15 351 94
10401 Rigid ANC 2930.1 -642 2394 -6 357 96
10901 Rigid ANC 2941.4 -628 2342 2 350 94
11401 Rigid ANC 2927.6 -629 2347 9 351 94
11901 Rigid ANC 2928.1 -627 2345 17 350 94
12401 Rigid ANC 2928.6 -625 2341 28 350 94
12901 Rigid ANC 2960.9 -623 2337 44 349 93
13401 Rigid ANC 3048.6 -622 2337 65 349 93
2600 Rigid ANC 157.5 144 -63 -391 -5 -11
3600 Rigid ANC 157.5 99 -57 -289 -4 -7
4600 Rigid ANC 157.5 66 -64 199 -5 -5
5600 Rigid ANC 157.5 57 -53 175 -4 -4
6600 Rigid ANC 157.5 68 -46 299 -3 -5
7600 Rigid ANC 157.5 86 -49 384 -3 -7
8451 Rigid ANC 3281.0 -770 2267 631 320 113
8901 Rigid ANC 3726.0 -633 2255 654 337 94
9401 Rigid ANC 4110.0 -845 2396 784 358 124
9901 Rigid ANC 3685.0 -668 2228 684 333 99
10401 Rigid ANC 3313.0 -936 2219 835 313 138
10901 Rigid ANC 2788.0 -642 2365 476 354 96
11401 Rigid ANC 3408.0 -862 2215 791 313 127
11901 Rigid ANC 3575.0 -685 2212 692 323 101
12401 Rigid ANC 3565.0 -781 2208 754 323 115
12901 Rigid ANC 6911.0 -934 3500 703 524 140
13401 Rigid ANC 3455.0 -603 2183 680 307 89

2600 Rigid ANC -107.9 1 1 -53 0 0
3600 Rigid ANC -107.9 5 0 -40 0 0
4600 Rigid ANC -107.9 7 1 -10 0 -1
5600 Rigid ANC -107.9 7 -1 13 0 -1
6600 Rigid ANC -107.9 4 -1 42 0 0
7600 Rigid ANC -107.9 1 -2 51 0 0
8451 Rigid ANC 904.5 -120 398 -6 60 18
8901 Rigid ANC 914.2 -109 387 -8 58 16
9401 Rigid ANC 918.6 -105 385 -7 58 16
9901 Rigid ANC 920.0 -104 385 -5 58 15
10401 Rigid ANC 920.6 -103 385 -2 58 15
10901 Rigid ANC 208.2 -187 699 0 104 28
11401 Rigid ANC 922.4 -102 385 3 57 15
11901 Rigid ANC 923.1 -102 384 5 57 15
12401 Rigid ANC 923.7 -101 383 9 57 15
12901 Rigid ANC 927.9 -100 382 13 57 15
13401 Rigid ANC 1053.7 -90 352 18 53 14

(MPa) stress (MPa)
CASE 1 (OPE) W 12100 1.8 30.8 5.9
CASE 2 (SUS) W+D1+P1 470 10.7 37.5 28.6
CASE 3 (OCC) W+HP 470 20.1 49.9 40.3
CASE 4 (OPE) W+D1+T1+P1 950 7.3 23.2 31.5
CASE 5 (OPE) W+D1+T2+P2 950 9.3 18.6 50.2
CASE 6 (OPE) W+T2+P2 950 9.3 18.6 50.2
CASE 7 (OPE) WNC+T4 950 5.3 18.6 28.7
CASE 8 (OPE) W+D1+T3+P2 4399 9.8 23.2 42.1
CASE 9 (OPE) W+T3+P2 4399 9.8 23.2 42.1
CASE 10 (OPE) WNC+T3 4399 7.9 23.2 34
CASE 11 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN1 950 8 25 32.2
CASE 12 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN1 950 8.1 25 32.6
CASE 13 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN2 950 8.1 25 32.4
CASE 14 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN2 950 8.1 25 32.4
CASE 15 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1+U2 2395 21.3 47.1 45.2
CASE 16 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1-U2 2395 21.2 47.1 45.1
CASE 17 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U2+U3 950 8.7 25 34.8
CASE 18 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-U2+U3 950 8.7 25 34.8
Maximum vertical deflection under sustained load case 2 is -1mm, which is a lower than the
allowable limit of ISO 14692 of -12.5mm.
4.5. SYSTEM 6

Note: Restraints loadings on the portion of system 8 must not be analyzed. There are
presented in System 8 results.
The following table gives maximum and minimum calculated loadings on supports for
operational, occasional and hydrotest conditions.
Node
700 Rigid +Z 0 0 33202
750 Rigid +Z 0 0 19575
4050 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 -31 5424
4150 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 -21 5430
4250 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 -13 5429
4350 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 -8 5428
4450 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 -5 5428
4550 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 -3 5428
4650 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 -1 5428
4750 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 0 5428
4850 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 1 5428
4950 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 3 5429
5050 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 5 5426
5150 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 7 5416

Node
700 Rigid +Z 0 0 37376
750 Rigid +Z 0 0 8035
4050 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 4553 2493
4150 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 4567 2518
4250 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 4578 2515
4350 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 4584 2511
4450 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 4589 2510
4550 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 4591 2510
4650 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 4594 2510
4750 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 4596 2510
4850 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 4597 2510
4950 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 4599 2512
5050 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 4602 2509
5150 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 4605 2487
Node
700 Rigid +Z 0 0 26067
750 Rigid +Z 0 0 0
4050 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 -10 3230
4150 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 -7 3239
4250 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 -4 3237
4350 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 -3 3236
4450 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 -2 3236
4550 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 -1 3236
4650 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 0 3236
4750 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 0 3236
4850 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 0 3236
4950 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 1 3236
5050 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 1 3234
5150 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 2 3222
Note: For System 6 there are no free exapnsion joints.

Node Support
4080 Rigid ANC 1293 8 541 21 35 -1
4180 Rigid ANC 1283 5 538 14 35 0
4280 Rigid ANC 1284 3 538 8 35 0
4380 Rigid ANC 1286 2 539 5 35 0
4480 Rigid ANC 1286 1 539 3 35 0
4580 Rigid ANC 1286 1 539 2 35 0
4680 Rigid ANC 1286 0 539 1 35 0
4780 Rigid ANC 1286 0 539 0 35 0
4880 Rigid ANC 1286 0 539 -1 35 0
4980 Rigid ANC 1286 -1 539 -2 35 0
5080 Rigid ANC 1286 -1 539 -3 35 0
5180 Rigid ANC 1295 -2 542 -5 35 0
Node Support
4080 Rigid ANC 6194 -1855 432 3428 24 162
4180 Rigid ANC 6183 -1147 428 2121 24 100
4280 Rigid ANC 6184 -1279 429 2365 24 111
4380 Rigid ANC 6186 -1135 429 2099 24 99
4480 Rigid ANC 6186 -1076 429 1991 24 94
4580 Rigid ANC 6186 -1081 429 1998 24 94
4680 Rigid ANC 6186 -1099 429 2033 24 96
4780 Rigid ANC 6186 -1039 429 1920 24 90
4880 Rigid ANC 6186 -935 429 1730 24 81
4980 Rigid ANC 6186 -914 429 1690 24 79
5080 Rigid ANC 6187 -789 429 1460 24 68
5180 Rigid ANC 6196 -692 432 1283 24 60

Node Support
4080 Rigid ANC 244 2 250 5 9 0
4180 Rigid ANC 240 2 249 3 9 0
4280 Rigid ANC 241 1 249 2 9 0
4380 Rigid ANC 241 1 249 1 9 0
4480 Rigid ANC 241 0 249 1 9 0
4580 Rigid ANC 241 0 249 1 9 0
4680 Rigid ANC 241 0 249 0 9 0
4780 Rigid ANC 241 0 249 0 9 0
4880 Rigid ANC 241 0 249 0 9 0
4980 Rigid ANC 241 0 249 0 9 0
5080 Rigid ANC 242 0 249 -1 9 0
5180 Rigid ANC 247 -1 251 -1 9 0

(MPa) stress (MPa)
CASE 1 (OPE) W 3120 4.2 30.8 13.5
CASE 2 (SUS) W+D1+P1 1100 9.4 18.8 49.9
CASE 3 (OCC) W+HP 2420 39.2 49.9 78.6
CASE 4 (OPE) W+D1+T1+P1 50 12.7 23.2 54.5
CASE 5 (OPE) W+D1+T2+P2 50 15.5 18.6 83.2
CASE 6 (OPE) W+T2+P2 50 15.5 18.6 83.2
CASE 7 (OPE) WNC+T4 50 10.2 18.6 54.8
CASE 8 (OPE) W+D1+T3+P2 1100 20.9 23.2 90
CASE 9 (OPE) W+T3+P2 1100 20.9 23.2 90
CASE 10 (OPE) WNC+T3 1950 10.5 23.2 45.3
CASE 11 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN1 50 13.8 25 55.2
CASE 12 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN1 50 13.5 25 54.3
CASE 13 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN2 50 13.6 25 54.7
CASE 14 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN2 50 13.6 25 54.7
CASE 15 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1+U2 50 14.9 25 59.8
CASE 16 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1-U2 50 14.9 25 59.7
CASE 17 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U2+U3 50 14.4 25 57.5
CASE 18 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-U2+U3 50 14.3 25 57.5
Maximum vertical deflection under sustained load case 2 is -4mm on the portion of system 8,
which is a lower than the allowable limit of ISO 14692 of -12.5mm. On System 6 the vertical
deflection is smaller.
4.6. SYSTEM 7

Note: Restraints loadings on the portion of system 8 must not be analyzed. There are
presented in System 8 results.
The following table gives maximum and minimum calculated loadings on supports for
Node number Support Type fL N fT N fz N
770 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 4612 101851
790 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 8361 108548
840 Rigid +Z 0 0 114001
890 Rigid +Z 0 0 84617
4050 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 228 6441
4150 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 134 5316
4250 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 94 6471
4350 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 67 6447
4450 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 51 6474
4550 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 34 5256
4650 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 25 6473
4750 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 22 6446
4850 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 28 6442
4950 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 36 6439
5050 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 52 6449
770 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 -28168 29874
790 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 -78094 120701
840 Rigid +Z 0 0 121155
890 Rigid +Z 0 0 95404
4050 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 -4025 2151
4150 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 -4121 769
4250 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 -4634 2244
4350 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 -4191 2203
4450 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 -4212 2189
4550 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 -4228 2186
4650 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 -4239 2185
4750 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 -4987 2183
4850 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 -4254 2173
4950 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 -4258 2136
5050 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 -4263 2064

770 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 1865 34522
790 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 5088 108426
840 Rigid +Z 0 0 108385
890 Rigid +Z 0 0 84896
4050 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 144 2432
4150 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 58 266
4250 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 46 2470
4350 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 36 2420
4450 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 30 2408
4550 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 28 2407
4650 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 28 2408
4750 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 31 2406
4850 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 37 2398
4950 Rigid X; Rigid +Z 0 47 2371
5050 Rigid +Z; Rigid X 0 61 2358
Node Support
4080 Rigid ANC 2138 -91 -898 57 -93 8
4180 Rigid ANC 2471 -54 -882 34 -91 5
4280 Rigid ANC 2121 -38 -881 24 -91 3
4380 Rigid ANC 2130 -27 -884 18 -91 2
4480 Rigid ANC 2134 -20 -886 16 -91 2
4580 Rigid ANC 2137 -14 -888 10 -91 1
4680 Rigid ANC 2141 -10 -889 7 -92 1
4780 Rigid ANC 2146 -9 -891 7 -92 1
4880 Rigid ANC 2153 -11 -892 9 -92 1
4980 Rigid ANC 2169 -14 -899 12 -93 1
5080 Rigid ANC 2199 -21 -926 18 -95 2

4080 Rigid ANC -4113 1348 449 -2825 25 -117
4180 Rigid ANC -4722 990 641 -2093 45 -86
4280 Rigid ANC -4156 1605 442 -3466 25 -140
4380 Rigid ANC -4136 1431 445 -3098 25 -125
4480 Rigid ANC -4181 1398 446 -3038 25 -122
4580 Rigid ANC -4420 1127 446 -2451 25 -98
4680 Rigid ANC -4702 1294 446 -2825 25 -113
4780 Rigid ANC -4406 1730 446 -3786 25 -151
4880 Rigid ANC -4226 1167 446 -2553 25 -101
4980 Rigid ANC -4126 1015 449 -2222 25 -88
5080 Rigid ANC -4039 922 453 -2020 26 -80
Node Support
4080 Rigid ANC 663 -57 297 47 14 5
4180 Rigid ANC 1759 -23 434 19 25 2
4280 Rigid ANC 646 -18 294 15 13 2
4380 Rigid ANC 669 -14 298 12 14 1
4480 Rigid ANC 676 -12 299 10 14 1
4580 Rigid ANC 676 -11 299 9 14 1
4680 Rigid ANC 677 -11 299 9 14 1
4780 Rigid ANC 679 -12 299 10 14 1
4880 Rigid ANC 684 -15 299 12 14 1
4980 Rigid ANC 699 -19 301 15 14 2
5080 Rigid ANC 708 -24 302 21 14 2

Calculated stress Code allowable stress Stress
Node
(MPa) (MPa) ratio (%)
CASE 1 (OPE) W 7220 4.2 30.8 13.7
CASE 2 (SUS) W+D1+P1 500 26.9 37.5 71.8
CASE 3 (OCC) W+HP 500 49.7 49.9 99.6
CASE 4 (OPE) W+D1+T1+P1 50 13.5 23.2 58.2
CASE 5 (OPE) W+D1+T2+P2 50 17.4 18.6 93.7
CASE 6 (OPE) W+T2+P2 50 17.4 18.6 93.7
CASE 7 (OPE) WNC+T4 1110 9.5 18.6 51
CASE 8 (OPE) W+D1+T3+P2 1110 21.1 23.2 90.9
CASE 9 (OPE) W+T3+P2 1110 21.1 23.2 90.9
CASE 10 (OPE) WNC+T3 930 10.2 23.2 44
CASE 11 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN1 500 33.1 49.9 66.4
CASE 12 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN1 500 33.1 49.9 66.4
CASE 13 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN2 500 33.1 49.9 66.4
CASE 14 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN2 500 33.1 49.9 66.4
CASE 15 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1+U2 500 33.1 49.9 66.4
CASE 16 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1-U2 500 33.1 49.9 66.4
CASE 17 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U2+U3 500 33.1 49.9 66.4
CASE 18 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-U2+U3 500 33.1 49.9 66.4
Maximum vertical deflection under sustained load case 2 is -3.1mm on the portion of system
8, which is a lower than the allowable limit of ISO 14692 of -12.5mm. On System 7 the
vertical deflection is smaller.
4.7. SYSTEM 8 – 11 - 12

LOAD_ON_SUPPORTS_SYSTEM8_11_12.xlsx
The following table gives maximum and minimum calculated loadings on fixed supports for
Node
805 Rigid Z; Rigid X; Rigid Y 474563 5933 45788
1310 Rigid Z; Rigid X; Rigid Y 785142 -132 55254

Node
1703 Rigid Z; Rigid X; Rigid Y 682188 -97 -87

Node

(MPa) stress (MPa)
CASE 1 (OPE) W 7760 8.7 18.8 46.5
CASE 2 (SUS) W+D1+P1 4201 33.7 42.3 79.7
CASE 3 (OCC) W+HP 7445 23.5 25 94.2
CASE 4 (OPE) W+D1+T1+P1 7760 15.2 23.2 65.5
CASE 5 (OPE) W+D1+T2+P2 18210 18.5 18.6 99.3
CASE 6 (OPE) W+T2+P2 18210 18.5 18.6 99.3
CASE 7 (OPE) WNC+T4 7195 20.5 30.6 66.9
CASE 8 (OPE) W+D1+T3+P2 4201 47.2 51.1 92.3
CASE 9 (OPE) W+T3+P2 4201 47.2 51.1 92.3
CASE 10 (OPE) WNC+T3 18320 14.9 23.2 64
CASE 11 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN1 7760 16.6 25 66.6
CASE 12 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN1 7760 18.1 25 72.4
CASE 13 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN2 7760 17 25 68.1
CASE 14 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN2 7760 17.7 25 70.9
CASE 15 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1+U2 24160 22.5 25 90.3
CASE 16 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1-U2 7215 23.2 25 92.8
CASE 17 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U2+U3 19539 24.8 25 99.5
CASE 18 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-U2+U3 17510 24.8 25 99.2
The calculations show that, with the initial support conditions and the initial position of
expansion joints, the displacements of expansions joint are important. The extension of
expansion joint exceeds the maximum allowable value of 30mm (Bikar data).
The following tables give the compression and extension displacement of expansions joints
located on System 8 pipeway for sustained and operational load cases. The calculations are
performed for FW55° pipes and CW pipes.
Expansion joint nodes FW+/- 55°

Deff Node1 Node2 CASE 2 (SUS) W+P1 CASE 3 (OCC) W+HP CASE 4 (OPE) W+T1+P1 CASE 5 (OPE) W+T2+P2 CASE 7 (OPE) WNC+T4 CASE 8 (OPE) W+T3+P2 CASE 10 (OPE) WNC+T3
590 7430 7435 32.3 77.5 20.1 28.5 -44.5 86.9 35.3
590 7480 7485 37.9 91.1 23.7 33.7 -51.7 101.8 41.2
590 7555 7560 27.3 65.5 16.9 23.9 -38.1 73.8 30.1
590 7605 7610 32.3 77.5 20.1 28.5 -44.5 86.9 35.3
590 7690 7695 32.5 78.0 20.3 28.8 -44.7 87.4 35.4
590 7740 7745 26.9 64.8 15.6 21.2 -40.4 75.0 32.0
590 8155 8160 32.5 78.0 20.3 28.7 -44.8 87.4 35.4
590 8240 8245 37.5 90.1 23.1 32.4 -52.4 101.5 41.5
590 8350 8355 28.3 67.8 18.0 25.9 -37.9 75.2 30.0
590 8405 8410 32.5 78.0 20.2 28.7 -44.8 87.4 35.4
590 8505 8510 32.5 78.0 20.3 28.9 -44.6 87.3 35.3
590 8545 8550 27.5 66.0 16.2 22.1 -40.9 76.3 32.2
690 350 360 32.7 78.3 20.4 28.9 -45.1 88.0 35.6
690 900 905 19.1 45.9 7.6 7.0 -39.5 61.7 31.1
690 22485 22490 32.0 47.9 20.9 7.0 -41.3 64.5 32.5
690 22560 22570 37.1 55.6 25.0 9.9 -45.6 73.1 36.0
690 22750 22760 37.1 55.6 25.0 9.9 -45.6 73.0 36.0
690 22850 22860 30.9 46.4 20.7 7.9 -38.7 61.4 30.4
690 23050 23060 44.0 66.0 29.9 12.2 -53.4 86.3 42.3
690 23190 23200 35.9 53.9 23.7 8.4 -45.7 71.9 36.0
790 1125 1130 59.4 109.7 49.2 53.8 -46.6 109.8 36.5
790 1465 1470 31.8 58.7 18.8 11.3 -47.7 76.4 37.3
890 200 210 25.2 60.3 11.8 13.3 -46.6 76.8 36.5
890 845 850 17.8 42.6 3.6 -1.7 -47.3 65.5 37.0
990 1205 1210 38.5 71.0 26.0 21.2 -47.9 84.8 37.5
990 1400 1405 28.8 53.2 12.9 0.7 -55.5 78.7 43.3
1290 55 58 23.1 55.3 11.5 13.9 -40.8 68.8 31.9
1290 785 790 25.3 60.8 9.3 7.2 -54.7 83.2 42.8
1290 1295 1300 31.1 57.4 19.9 14.6 -42.0 71.0 32.7
Figure 38 : displacements for FW55° pipes
Expansion joint nodes CW

Deff Node1 Node2 CASE 2 (SUS) W+P1 CASE 3 (OCC) W+HP CASE 4 (OPE) W+T1+P1 CASE 5 (OPE) W+T2+P2 CASE 7 (OPE) WNC+T4 CASE 8 (OPE) W+T3+P2 CASE 10 (OPE) WNC+T3
590 7430 7435 15.2 36.6 6.9 7.6 -27.5 46.0 21.7
590 7480 7485 17.9 43.0 8.1 9.0 -32.1 54.0 25.4
590 7555 7560 12.9 30.9 5.8 6.3 -23.4 39.0 18.4
590 7605 7610 15.2 36.6 6.8 7.6 -27.5 46.0 21.7
590 7690 7695 15.3 36.8 6.9 7.7 -27.6 46.3 21.7
590 7740 7745 12.7 30.8 5.1 4.9 -24.9 40.1 19.6
590 8155 8160 15.3 36.8 6.9 7.6 -27.6 46.3 21.8
590 8240 8245 17.8 42.8 7.9 8.6 -32.4 54.1 25.6
590 8350 8355 13.2 31.7 6.2 7.0 -23.4 39.5 18.4
590 8405 8410 15.3 36.8 6.9 7.6 -27.6 46.3 21.8
590 8505 8510 15.4 36.8 7.0 7.8 -27.6 46.3 21.7
590 8545 8550 13.3 31.9 5.6 5.7 -25.1 41.0 19.7
690 350 360 15.9 38.1 7.5 8.6 -27.8 47.3 21.8
690 900 905 5.6 13.4 -2.2 -8.1 -24.2 27.9 19.0
690 22485 22490 14.7 22.1 7.1 -2.2 -25.4 34.6 19.9
690 22560 22570 16.8 25.1 8.3 -1.9 -28.0 38.8 22.0
690 22750 22760 16.8 25.1 8.3 -1.9 -28.0 38.8 22.0
690 22850 22860 14.0 21.1 6.9 -1.7 -23.7 32.6 18.6
690 23050 23060 19.9 29.8 9.9 -2.0 -32.9 45.8 25.9
690 23190 23200 16.9 25.3 8.4 -1.8 -28.0 38.9 22.0
790 1125 1130 33.7 62.2 26.1 27.3 -28.5 63.8 22.3
790 1465 1470 10.7 19.8 1.6 -6.8 -29.1 35.9 22.7
890 200 210 9.9 23.6 0.9 -3.4 -28.5 38.1 22.3
890 845 850 3.5 8.5 -5.9 -15.7 -28.8 28.2 22.6
990 1205 1210 16.4 30.2 7.6 1.3 -29.2 42.9 22.8
990 1400 1405 7.3 13.6 -3.5 -15.4 -33.7 35.4 26.3
1290 55 58 8.9 21.5 1.2 -2.2 -24.9 33.7 19.4
1290 785 790 10.4 25.1 -0.1 -6.1 -33.3 42.7 26.0
1290 1295 1300 13.2 24.4 5.5 -0.4 -25.5 36.1 19.9
Figure 39 : displacements for CW pipes with same thicknesses that those of FW55° pipes
Potential solutions to solve this problem are:
 Use of double or triple bellow expansion joint

 Same configuration with CW pipes and increasing of pipe thickness
 The use of tie-rod expansion joints. In this case the compression of expansion joint is
permitted to compensate the effect of positive temperature but the extension forces
due to negative temperatures, Poisson ratio effect and pressure thrust forces
(expansion joint and reducers) is carried by rods and the pipes. Special attention
should be made in this case to axial tension stress level in pipes. Increase of
thickness should be necessary.
 Increasing the number of expansion joints and fixed supports
 Change for underground installation of pipeway
Maximum vertical deflection under sustained load case 2 is 14.2mm, which is a little greater
than the allowable limit of ISO 14692 of 12.5mm.
4.8. SYSTEM 9

Node
1850 Rigid Y; Rigid Z; Rigid X 4866 68 1448
Node
Node
1250 Rigid Y; Rigid Z; Rigid X 128 -6 1139
Node Support
4100 Rigid ANC -138 -841 638 -209 63 86
4300 Rigid ANC 5268 -693 574 28 70 86
4500 Rigid ANC 10199 453 520 -62 63 -57
5090 Rigid ANC 1876 185 -3507 337 -1908 -887
5190 Rigid ANC -84 -441 1354 -805 1485 994
5290 Rigid ANC 1175 179 -2486 326 -1610 -590
5390 Rigid ANC 516 -261 -1739 -476 -1391 602
5490 Rigid ANC 510 -330 -2099 -601 -1496 586
5590 Rigid ANC 1155 170 -2787 309 -1688 -438
5690 Rigid ANC 1141 -107 -2721 -195 -1678 845
5790 Rigid ANC 692 461 -2141 841 -1508 -1020
5890 Rigid ANC 575 712 -1875 1299 -1431 -950
5990 Rigid ANC 1080 -171 -2539 -312 -1625 522
6090 Rigid ANC 621 460 -1835 838 -1419 -612
6190 Rigid ANC 1051 -110 -2419 -200 -1590 336
6290 Rigid ANC 780 -394 -2459 -719 -1602 607
6390 Rigid ANC 909 145 -2549 264 -1628 -398
6490 Rigid ANC 953 -611 -2412 -1114 -1588 919
6590 Rigid ANC 847 211 -2339 386 -1566 -588
6690 Rigid ANC 456 802 -1758 1462 -1396 -1029
6790 Rigid ANC 1199 -107 -2741 -196 -1684 430
6890 Rigid ANC 695 468 -1976 854 -1460 -640
6990 Rigid ANC 985 -94 -2357 -171 -1572 315
7090 Rigid ANC 554 -288 -2159 -525 -1514 550
7190 Rigid ANC 1097 185 -2808 337 -1704 -453
7290 Rigid ANC 1138 51 -2778 93 -1695 677
7390 Rigid ANC 636 527 -2075 961 -1489 -1081
7490 Rigid ANC 613 620 -2212 1131 -1529 -942
7590 Rigid ANC 1044 -201 -2737 -367 -1683 575
7690 Rigid ANC 626 395 -2180 721 -1520 -598
7790 Rigid ANC 1011 -127 -2653 -231 -1658 364
7890 Rigid ANC 782 -342 -2451 -623 -1599 583
7990 Rigid ANC 878 160 -2515 292 -1618 -418
8090 Rigid ANC 920 -504 -2337 -920 -1508 850
8190 Rigid ANC 842 232 -2357 424 -1572 -615

Node Support
4100 Rigid ANC -628 -989 736 -256 72 100
4300 Rigid ANC 7328 -791 646 33 78 98
4500 Rigid ANC 14036 592 570 -64 69 -73
5090 Rigid ANC 2818 764 2917 879 -2191 -1371
5190 Rigid ANC -939 -1357 1727 -1869 2540 1643
5290 Rigid ANC 2040 676 2261 780 -1338 -995
5390 Rigid ANC 1162 -1175 1859 -1537 1438 1249
5490 Rigid ANC 974 -807 2142 -1013 1411 931
5590 Rigid ANC 1729 1085 2345 1373 -1499 -1087
5690 Rigid ANC 1714 -830 2842 -851 879 1464
5790 Rigid ANC 1164 1377 2137 2009 981 -1682
5890 Rigid ANC 1191 1268 2146 1784 1429 -1348
5990 Rigid ANC 1687 -1083 2209 -1368 -1482 1166
6090 Rigid ANC 1264 1002 2143 1349 1346 -996
6190 Rigid ANC 1696 -1020 2228 -1254 -1466 976
6290 Rigid ANC 1606 -857 2262 -1125 1126 925
6390 Rigid ANC 1567 1066 2013 1338 -1033 -1056
6490 Rigid ANC 1942 -1156 2649 -1677 1512 1343
6590 Rigid ANC 1756 1146 1950 1485 1285 -1270
6690 Rigid ANC 1229 1435 2014 2117 1694 -1467
6790 Rigid ANC 1903 -981 2101 -1183 -1681 1012
6890 Rigid ANC 1470 1028 2143 1402 1260 -1018
6990 Rigid ANC 1647 -964 2055 -1152 -1201 890
7090 Rigid ANC 1026 -812 2107 -1015 1249 918
7190 Rigid ANC 1704 1047 2409 1303 -1448 -1015
7290 Rigid ANC 1710 -800 2538 -764 -701 1302
7390 Rigid ANC 1122 1388 2138 1926 1125 -1643
7490 Rigid ANC 1222 1189 2121 1640 1218 -1345
7590 Rigid ANC 1611 -1061 2159 -1329 -1312 1134
7690 Rigid ANC 1247 960 1941 1265 1112 -1040
7790 Rigid ANC 1603 -984 2147 -1188 -1276 918
7890 Rigid ANC 1783 -858 2169 -1048 1061 917
7990 Rigid ANC 1541 1027 1996 1267 1060 -986
8090 Rigid ANC 1876 -986 2020 -1191 1424 1074
8190 Rigid ANC 1759 1108 2056 1416 1607 -1197

Node Support
4100 Rigid ANC -3 -12 577 -207 57 1
4300 Rigid ANC 88 -10 485 21 59 1
4500 Rigid ANC 190 5 421 -30 51 -1
5090 Rigid ANC 114 31 387 56 138 -54
5190 Rigid ANC 83 -16 311 -29 115 41
5290 Rigid ANC 130 -7 426 -13 149 4
5390 Rigid ANC 111 -2 380 -3 135 2
5490 Rigid ANC -7 -3 89 -6 50 4
5590 Rigid ANC 52 1 236 2 93 -3
5690 Rigid ANC 41 23 208 41 85 -21
5790 Rigid ANC 62 0 259 0 100 6
5890 Rigid ANC 84 38 313 70 116 -53
5990 Rigid ANC 103 -11 360 -20 130 32
6090 Rigid ANC 115 -1 390 -2 138 1
6190 Rigid ANC 124 0 412 0 145 0
6290 Rigid ANC 3 1 114 2 58 1
6390 Rigid ANC 33 1 187 2 79 -2
6490 Rigid ANC 72 34 283 61 107 -48
6590 Rigid ANC 62 -11 259 -19 100 30
6690 Rigid ANC 74 39 290 70 109 -57
6790 Rigid ANC 93 -13 336 -23 123 36
6890 Rigid ANC 108 1 373 2 134 0
6990 Rigid ANC 109 0 375 1 134 -1
7090 Rigid ANC -4 -2 96 -3 52 3
7190 Rigid ANC 44 1 216 1 88 -2
7290 Rigid ANC 40 23 206 41 85 -26
7390 Rigid ANC 58 -1 250 -2 98 9
7490 Rigid ANC 11 12 134 22 64 -16
7590 Rigid ANC 38 -3 201 -5 83 9
7690 Rigid ANC 25 12 170 22 74 -20
7790 Rigid ANC 45 -6 219 -11 88 15
7890 Rigid ANC 16 0 146 0 67 5
7990 Rigid ANC 25 4 169 8 74 -8
8090 Rigid ANC 37 19 253 33 139 -16
8190 Rigid ANC 45 -9 216 -16 88 27

within the code allowable limits. The following table lists the maximum stress ratio for each
load case.

(MPa) stress (MPa)
CASE 1 (OPE) W 1650 2.3 31 7.5
CASE 2 (SUS) W+D1+P1 1650 3.4 31.8 10.8
CASE 3 (OCC) W+HP 700 6.1 49.9 12.2
CASE 4 (OPE) W+D1+T1+P1 2095 13.8 23.2 59.6
CASE 5 (OPE) W+D1+T2+P2 2095 14.1 18.6 76
CASE 6 (OPE) W+T2+P2 2095 14.1 18.6 76
CASE 7 (OPE) WNC+T4 2095 7.1 18.6 38.2
CASE 8 (OPE) W+D1+T3+P2 2095 7 23.2 30
CASE 9 (OPE) W+T3+P2 2095 7 23.2 30
CASE 10 (OPE) WNC+T3 2095 6.5 23.2 28
CASE 11 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN1 2095 14.4 25 57.6
CASE 12 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN1 2095 13.9 25 55.7
CASE 13 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN2 2095 14 25 56.3
CASE 14 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN2 2095 14.2 25 57
CASE 15 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1+U2 2095 16.6 25 66.4
CASE 16 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1-U2 2095 16.6 25 66.4
CASE 17 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U2+U3 2095 16.4 25 65.9
CASE 18 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-U2+U3 2095 16.4 25 65.9
Maximum vertical deflection under sustained load case 2 is 7mm, which is lower than the
4.8.4. Axial buckling

Maximum compression force due to thermal expansion is 10200N for ND300 pipe at pump
connection and 7500N between two supports.
Zone 1 : Compression force :

7500N
Zone 2 : Compression force :

10200N
Zone 1 Zone 2
Compression force 7500 N 10200 N
Pipe configuration Pin/Pin Fixed/pin
Buckling length 6000 mm 1050mm
Pipe diameter 400 mm 300 mm
Pipe thickess 5.2mm 3.9mm
Buckling strength 283700 N 710000 N
There is no risk of axial buckling failure.
4.9. SYSTEM 10

Node
Node
Node

Node
number Support Type fL N fT N fz N mL N.m mT N.m mZ N.m
610 Rigid ANC -3577 -2211 3904 -687 4175 1119
620 Rigid ANC 40589 -3800 10020 784 1890 1342
1050 Rigid ANC 4786 -119 -707 -208 -71 7
1150 Rigid ANC -3045 -142 -580 92 -58 10
1260 Rigid ANC -1357 -106 461 85 46 6
1350 Rigid ANC -9296 -24 126 3 13 -1
1470 Rigid ANC 8513 216 13 -85 1 -21
1570 Rigid ANC 8304 224 22 20 2 -22
1680 Rigid ANC 6892 -558 -3084 -1034 -477 18
1780 Rigid ANC 9946 -502 3450 1532 531 -15
Node
610 Rigid ANC -2661 -2762 7445 -883 4591 1449
620 Rigid ANC 21215 -5164 14790 1183 -3086 1899
1050 Rigid ANC 12407 -155 -1051 -195 -104 10
1150 Rigid ANC 10025 -151 665 98 65 10
1260 Rigid ANC 11487 -112 544 88 53 6
1350 Rigid ANC 5679 -38 304 3 30 2
1470 Rigid ANC 13689 -65 2151 1491 214 2
1570 Rigid ANC 13606 -65 2247 1572 223 2
Node
number Support Type FX N FY N FZ N MX N.m MY N.m MZ N.m
1680 Rigid ANC -2797 6938 -555 -715 -733 -471
1780 Rigid ANC -6657 11437 -500 -1432 1443 525
Node
610 Rigid ANC -224 -2199 313 -646 303 1119
620 Rigid ANC 2610 -3795 593 684 -146 1340
1050 Rigid ANC 159 -111 55 -174 6 6
1150 Rigid ANC -408 -131 -146 84 -15 8
1260 Rigid ANC -197 -101 -94 77 -9 6
1350 Rigid ANC -721 -23 -8 1 -1 0
1470 Rigid ANC 1737 -62 -6 -7 -1 2
1570 Rigid ANC 1556 -62 9 9 1 2
1680 Rigid ANC 1840 -456 -1259 -570 -196 0
1780 Rigid ANC 2272 -447 1239 589 192 -2

Calculated stress Code allowable stress
(MPa) (MPa)
CASE 1 (OPE) W 729 4.8 18.8 25.4
CASE 2 (SUS) W+D1+P1 100 8.6 18.8 45.6
CASE 3 (OCC) W+HP 210 16.5 49.9 33.1
CASE 4 (OPE) W+D1+T1+P1 100 8.7 23.2 37.3
CASE 5 (OPE) W+D1+T2+P2 280 14.6 18.6 78.8
CASE 6 (OPE) W+T2+P2 280 14.6 18.6 78.8
CASE 7 (OPE) WNC+T4 550 15.8 18.6 84.7
CASE 8 (OPE) W+D1+T3+P2 280 14.7 23.2 63.1
CASE 9 (OPE) W+T3+P2 280 14.7 23.2 63.1
CASE 10 (OPE) WNC+T3 280 13.6 23.2 58.6
CASE 11 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN1 100 9.1 25 36.3
CASE 12 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN1 100 9.1 25 36.4
CASE 13 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN2 100 9.2 25 36.7
CASE 14 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN2 280 9.3 25 37.2
CASE 15 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1+U2 550 15.8 25 63.5
CASE 16 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1-U2 550 15.9 25 63.9
CASE 17 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U2+U3 520 21.3 25 85.3
CASE 18 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-U2+U3 520 21.5 25 86.3
Maximum vertical deflection under sustained load case 2 is 7.8mm, which is lower than the
Maximum compression of DN800 expansion joint for load case n°7 (WNC + T4) is 16mm.
Maximum extension of DN800 expansion joint for load case n°9 (W+T3+P2) is 10.5mm.
4.10. SYSTEM 13

There is no fixed support on System 13.
 The maximum lateral force on guide support is 14.6T (at node 710).
 The maximum vertical force is 55.6T (at node 11060) for load cases 8 and 9
(negative temperature)
 The maximum lateral force on guide support is 72.7T (at node 710) calculated for
maximum static equivalent analysis. The maximum lateral force at node 710
calculated with dynamic analysis is 46T
 The maximum vertical force is 22.9T (at node 710)

 The maximum lateral force on guide support is 5.2T(at node 1120).
 The maximum vertical force is 21.7 (at node 11060)
force fL includes the pressure thrust force.
Note: for System 13 there are no free expansion joints.
Node Support
3170 Rigid ANC 9164 2300 3358 -3534 945 5917
3850 Rigid ANC 3883 -1348 -581 195 -1999 962
3990 Rigid ANC -14956 -3326 11416 735 3459 2497
5360 Rigid ANC -261 597 -579 -3352 -1821 -531
7170 Rigid ANC 8570 2702 -4367 -1691 -2100 4645
7670 Rigid ANC 7982 6168 -20050 2913 -11267 -1226
8170 Rigid ANC 8443 -2396 -4611 -1902 -2215 5012
8670 Rigid ANC 7174 5439 -16698 3165 -8827 -1761
9290 Rigid ANC 5770 2322 8126 10167 7559 1470
9390 Rigid ANC 7272 -3589 8198 10506 7951 2563
9490 Rigid ANC 9564 -7375 8743 11187 8606 -5930
9590 Rigid ANC 11679 -11546 9037 11798 8976 -9916
10840 Rigid ANC 805 492 -3720 -248 1275 -587
11140 Rigid ANC 799 494 -3721 -249 1276 -589
11440 Rigid ANC 801 503 -3722 -254 1276 -599

Node Support
3170 Rigid ANC -12121 -22519 3976 -4962 1346 26781
3850 Rigid ANC 7867 -2219 -9672 336 -5665 1652
3990 Rigid ANC 8687 3115 -7829 615 -3295 -2461
5360 Rigid ANC 1176 853 -812 -4451 -793 -813
7170 Rigid ANC -11077 -21296 3749 -2809 1365 25167
7670 Rigid ANC -12061 -22218 7078 4103 3457 21244
8170 Rigid ANC -10771 -21670 5088 -2717 1924 25190
8670 Rigid ANC -10539 -21275 7847 3425 3510 23734
9290 Rigid ANC 10206 9309 8272 6628 8146 -7928
9390 Rigid ANC 9038 -5709 8715 7074 8540 4585
9490 Rigid ANC 10214 -8059 8857 7385 8766 6635
9590 Rigid ANC 15711 -17818 9237 7831 9006 15286
10840 Rigid ANC 2573 1494 -1571 -305 -597 -1224
11140 Rigid ANC 2567 1496 -2158 -367 -782 -1225
11440 Rigid ANC 2570 1505 -1678 -321 -630 -1235
Node Support
3170 Rigid ANC 2753 758 2867 197 909 1551
3850 Rigid ANC 3517 -71 -68 -104 175 202
3990 Rigid ANC 4835 171 -1588 251 -522 -488
5360 Rigid ANC 21 -13 -207 3 -254 11
7170 Rigid ANC 2593 763 3358 301 1168 1336
7670 Rigid ANC 2194 694 3405 313 1253 1023
8170 Rigid ANC 2522 698 3262 301 1124 1327
8670 Rigid ANC 2500 669 3604 375 1289 1328
9290 Rigid ANC 5771 -925 330 454 234 422
9390 Rigid ANC 5840 -1274 300 431 343 768
9490 Rigid ANC 5615 -1387 509 585 544 939
9590 Rigid ANC 5731 -1532 679 773 625 1062
10840 Rigid ANC 118 228 -1122 -67 456 -328
11140 Rigid ANC 117 228 -1124 -67 457 -328
11440 Rigid ANC 118 229 -1125 -67 457 -329

(MPa) stress (MPa)
CASE 1 (OPE) W 8990 11.5 30.9 37.2
CASE 2 (SUS) W+D1+P1 8990 17.6 36 48.9
CASE 3 (OCC) W+HP 300 36.6 49.9 73.3
CASE 4 (OPE) W+D1+T1+P1 4970 19.9 23.2 85.5
CASE 5 (OPE) W+D1+T2+P2 4970 18 18.6 96.7
CASE 6 (OPE) W+T2+P2 4970 18 18.6 96.7
CASE 7 (OPE) WNC+T4 9590 36.2 40.7 88.9
CASE 8 (OPE) W+D1+T3+P2 4970 19.2 23.2 82.5
CASE 9 (OPE) W+T3+P2 4970 19.2 23.2 82.5
CASE 10 (OPE) WNC+T3 4970 18.1 23.2 78
CASE 11 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN1 4950 19.9 25 79.6
CASE 12 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN1 4970 22.9 25 91.8
CASE 13 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN2 4970 21.1 25 84.7
CASE 14 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN2 4970 21 25 84.1
CASE 15 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1+U2 870 23.4 25 93.9
CASE 16 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1-U2 870 22.8 25 91.2
CASE 17 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U2+U3 4970 22.1 25 88.4
CASE 18 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-U2+U3 4970 21.7 25 86.8
4.10.4. Axial buckling

Maximum compression force due to thermal expansion is 7385N for ND400 pipe of
surpressed air line.
Maximum compression force : 7385N
The buckling strength is 228000N for pin/pin configuration and effective buckling length of
6700mm. There is no risk of axial buckling failure.
4.11. SYSTEM 13 - OVERFLOW

LOAD_ON_SUPPORTS_SYSTEM13_OVERFLOW.xlsx. For rigid anchor next to free
expansion joint , the force fL includes the pressure thrust force.
Node
350 Rigid ANC 421855 -90 3 41 65 997
500 Rigid ANC 257636 4887 -56 -400 -62 -25346
650 Rigid ANC 18097 1 -1 -41 -3 -1
750 Rigid ANC 6859 -1 0 0 -1 1
850 Rigid ANC 27673 0 -1 0 -4 -1
950 Rigid ANC 11436 2 -10 -1 -12 -5
1050 Rigid ANC 11346 8 1 -2 0 1
Node
350 Rigid ANC 0 -116 0 0 61 0
500 Rigid ANC 219602 4948 -48 -353 -44 -25798
650 Rigid ANC 0 1 0 0 -4 0
750 Rigid ANC 0 -1 0 0 -1 0
850 Rigid ANC 0 0 0 0 -4 0
950 Rigid ANC 0 2 0 0 -13 0
1050 Rigid ANC 0 8 0 0 1 0
Node
350 Rigid ANC 17828 -6 0 2 3 65
500 Rigid ANC 10446 256 -3 -19 -2 -1372
650 Rigid ANC 753 0 0 -2 0 0
750 Rigid ANC 303 0 0 0 0 0
850 Rigid ANC 1190 0 0 0 0 0
950 Rigid ANC 511 0 -1 0 -1 0
1050 Rigid ANC 502 0 0 0 0 0

Calculated stress Stress ratio
Node Code allowable stress (MPa)
(MPa) (%)
CASE 1 (OPE) W 749 0 30.8 0
CASE 2 (SUS) W+D1+P1 607 1 18.8 5.5
CASE 3 (OCC) W+HP 607 1.6 25 6.2
CASE 4 (OPE) W+D1+T1+P1 607 9.5 23.2 41.1
CASE 5 (OPE) W+D1+T2+P2 607 10.9 18.6 58.6
CASE 6 (OPE) W+T2+P2 607 10.9 18.6 58.6
CASE 7 (OPE) WNC+T4 607 9.9 18.6 53.1
CASE 8 (OPE) W+D1+T3+P2 607 1 23.2 4.5
CASE 9 (OPE) W+T3+P2 607 1 23.2 4.5
CASE 10 (OPE) WNC+T3 749 0 38.2 0
CASE 11 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN1 607 9.5 25 38.3
CASE 12 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN1 607 9.5 25 38.3
CASE 13 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN2 607 9.5 25 38.3
CASE 14 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN2 607 9.5 25 38.3
CASE 15 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1+U2 607 10.5 25 41.9
CASE 16 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1-U2 607 10.5 25 41.9
CASE 17 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U2+U3 607 10.5 25 41.9
CASE 18 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-U2+U3 607 10.5 25 41.9
4.12. SYSTEM 14-16

LOAD_ON_SUPPORTS_SYSTEM_14-16.xlsx.
Node
80 Rigid +Z 0 0 17738
150 Rigid +Z 0 0 14228
210 Rigid +Z 0 0 12656
270 Rigid +Z 0 0 19292
310 Rigid X; Rigid Y; Rigid Z 15952 -2765 -1041
1095 Rigid X; Rigid Y 0 -3066 -5381
1280 Rigid X; Rigid Y 0 2292 -25141
1480 Rigid X; Rigid Y 0 1546 -8345
1980 Rigid X; Rigid Y 0 9569 25536
Node
80 Rigid +Z 0 0 0
150 Rigid +Z 0 0 21644
210 Rigid +Z 0 0 13187
270 Rigid +Z 0 0 0
1095 Rigid X; Rigid Y 0 4607 -4582
1280 Rigid X; Rigid Y 0 3211 -15169
1480 Rigid X; Rigid Y 0 3237 -5050
1980 Rigid X; Rigid Y 0 12362 14373

Node
40 Rigid X; Rigid Y; Rigid Z 10167 -383 -85
80 Rigid +Z 0 0 2622
150 Rigid +Z 0 0 12315
210 Rigid +Z 0 0 12502
270 Rigid +Z 0 0 2763
1095 Rigid X; Rigid Y 0 -726 -894
1280 Rigid X; Rigid Y 0 1284 -4624
1480 Rigid X; Rigid Y 0 844 221
1980 Rigid X; Rigid Y 0 3527 3759
LOAD_ON_SUPPORTS_SYSTEM_14-16.xlsx. For rigid anchor next to free expansion joint,
the force fL includes the pressure thrust force. A corrected value is calculated.
Note: free expansion joints are placed in front of pump flanges.
9 Rigid ANC 1103.6 332 -237 380 30 41
381 Rigid ANC 1104.2 380 274 -203 34 -47
1411 Rigid ANC 222.1 634 -45 60 -6 -76
1611 Rigid ANC 210.4 649 -10 -26 -1 -78
2111 Rigid ANC 211.0 662 35 -119 4 -79
9 Rigid ANC 596.6 3515 2150 886 -266 436
381 Rigid ANC 553.6 2385 -1963 570 -244 -296
1411 Rigid ANC -67.4 1157 -572 60 -71 -141
1611 Rigid ANC -67.4 1125 -515 -41 -64 -137
2111 Rigid ANC -61.4 1293 -523 -151 -64 -158
9 Rigid ANC -129.4 493 9 101 -1 61
381 Rigid ANC -129.5 503 -31 -53 -4 -62
1411 Rigid ANC -639.8 885 -7 15 -1 -106
1611 Rigid ANC -622.6 899 1 -7 0 -108
2111 Rigid ANC -622.5 903 6 -37 1 -109

(MPa) stress (MPa)
CASE 1 (OPE) W 1170 2.7 18.8 14.3
CASE 2 (SUS) W+D1+P1 1170 3.9 18.8 21
CASE 3 (OCC) W+HP 1170 33.2 49.9 66.5
CASE 4 (OPE) W+D1+T1+P1 1006 6.9 23.2 29.6
CASE 5 (OPE) W+D1+T2+P2 1046 17 18.6 91.6
CASE 6 (OPE) W+T2+P2 1046 17 18.6 91.6
CASE 7 (OPE) WNC+T4 1170 16.1 18.6 86.7
CASE 8 (OPE) W+D1+T3+P2 1170 16.4 23.2 70.4
CASE 9 (OPE) W+T3+P2 1170 16.4 23.2 70.4
CASE 10 (OPE) WNC+T3 1170 14.2 23.2 60.9
CASE 11 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN1 1006 11.4 25 45.5
CASE 12 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN1 1006 11.4 25 45.5
CASE 13 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN2 1259 11.5 25 46.1
CASE 14 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN2 1006 11.4 25 45.5
CASE 15 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1+U2 59 14.9 25 59.8
CASE 16 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1-U2 59 14.9 25 59.7
CASE 17 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U2+U3 190 13.3 25 53.3
CASE 18 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-U2+U3 190 13.5 25 54.1
Maximum compression of ND250 expansion joint is 8.6mm for load case n°7.
Maximum extension of ND250 expansion joint is 7.5mm for load case n°9.
Maximum extension of ND150 expansion joint is 8.2mm for lad case n°9.
4.13. SYSTEM 15

LOAD_ON_SUPPORTS_SYSTEM_15.xlsx.
Node
Node
Node
LOAD_ON_SUPPORTS_SYSTEM_15.xlsx. For rigid anchor next to free expansion joint, the
force fL includes the pressure thrust force. A corrected value is calculated.
Note: free expansion joints are placed in front of pump flanges. Those are supposed to be
pressure balanced.
Node Support
10 Rigid ANC 399.4 -691 520 104 -51 -90
210 Rigid ANC 511.9 937 520 114 51 -124
670 Rigid ANC -53.5 -394 194 -144 17 48
770 Rigid ANC -53.5 268 198 -146 17 -33
870 Rigid ANC -53.5 305 195 154 17 -38
970 Rigid ANC -53.5 670 198 -207 17 -82

Node Support
10 Rigid ANC 1139.9 -481 670 103 -69 -62
210 Rigid ANC 926.0 1080 670 157 69 -132
670 Rigid ANC -105.9 810 188 67 16 -99
770 Rigid ANC -105.9 773 204 -135 17 -94
870 Rigid ANC -105.9 797 200 143 17 -97
970 Rigid ANC -105.9 959 202 -188 17 -117
Node Support
10 Rigid ANC 19.5 2 481 63 -46 0
210 Rigid ANC 63.1 148 481 72 46 -19
670 Rigid ANC -423.3 -8 167 9 14 1
770 Rigid ANC -423.3 25 183 -119 16 -3
870 Rigid ANC -423.3 35 179 126 15 -4
970 Rigid ANC -423.3 73 181 -167 15 -9

Calculated stress Code allowable stress
(MPa) (MPa)
CASE 1 (OPE) W 470 4 30.9 12.9
CASE 2 (SUS) W+D1+P1 380 6.9 18.8 36.6
CASE 3 (OCC) W+HP 110 37.8 49.9 75.8
CASE 4 (OPE) W+D1+T1+P1 480 9.4 23.2 40.5
CASE 5 (OPE) W+D1+T2+P2 180 18.3 18.6 98.3
CASE 6 (OPE) W+T2+P2 180 18.3 18.6 98.3
CASE 7 (OPE) WNC+T4 480 13.4 18.6 72.3
CASE 8 (OPE) W+D1+T3+P2 39 17.2 23.2 73.9
CASE 9 (OPE) W+T3+P2 39 17.2 23.2 73.9
CASE 10 (OPE) WNC+T3 430 12.3 23.2 52.8
CASE 11 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN1 180 16.2 25 65.1
CASE 12 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN1 180 15.6 25 62.5
CASE 13 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+WIN2 180 15.6 25 62.7
CASE 14 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-WIN2 180 16.2 25 65
CASE 15 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1+U2 180 17.9 25 71.5
CASE 16 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U1-U2 180 18.1 25 72.5
CASE 17 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2+U2+U3 480 24.3 25 97.3
CASE 18 (OCC) W+D1+T1+P2-U2+U3 480 24.4 25 97.6
Maximum extension of ND200 expansion joint is 4.1mm for load case n°9.

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2015

BARKA Project – Pre-stress analysis

Interlocuteur SUEZ environnement:

S.A.R.L. au capital de 8000 €

BARKA Project – Pre-stress analysis

Interlocuteur SUEZ environnement: Christophe BALLIGAND

Interlocuteurs Méca : Samuel DURAND

INDEX DATE PARAGRAPH REVISION

A 09/12/2015 ALL First issue – Assumption note - partial

B 27/01/2016 ALL Calculation note - partial

C 22/02/2016 ALL Calculation note

1. PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY 7

4.6.2. Stress summary 66

1. PURPOSE OF THIS STUDY

1.1. Reference documents

1.1.1. APPLICABLE REGULATIONS, CODES AND STANDARDS

2.1. GRP pipes systems

1 SEAWATER INTAKE TO SEADAF 1 3.5 5.25

2 SEADAF 1 3.5 5.25

3 PUPING STATION TO DMGF 1.8 3.5 5.25

4 PUMPING STATION TO CARTRIDGE FILTERS (HP) – (NORTH) 13.6 16 24

5 PUMPING STATION TO CARTRIDGE FILTERS (HP) – (SOUTH) 5.6 7 10.5

6 CARTRIDGE FILTERS BP TO RACK RO 5 6.2 9.3

7 CARTRIDGE FILTERS BP TO RACK RO 13 16 24

8a HP (header on pipe way + branches to HP pump suction) 13 14.5 21.75

8b ERD (line on pipe way + branches to ERD) 2 7 10.5

8f BRINE DRAIN 3.7 5.7 8.55

8g/h FRONT PERMEATE/BACK PERMEATE 2 2.5 3.75

9 SURPRESSED AIR TO DMGF 0.6 1 1.5

CIP FLUSHING SYSTEM FROM PUMPS DISCHARGE TO

CIP FLUSHING SYSTEM FROM CARTRIDGE FILTER TO

13a OVERFLOW 1 1 1.5

13b SURPRESSED AIR 0.8 1 1.5

13c Pumps suction 0.5 1 1.5

13d Pumps discharge – treated water 3.2 4.5 6.75

13e Pumps discharge – drainage water 1.5 3.5 5.25

14 PUMPS DISCHARGE FROM DRAINAGE TANK 1 2 3

15 PUMP DISCHARGE TO DENSADEG 1.7 5.6 8.4

16 PUMP DISCHARGE (FROM DENSADEG EFFLUENT TANK) 1.7 6 9

2.2. Jointing system

2.2.1. Composite/composite joints

2.2.2. Composite/steel joints

2.2.3. Thermal Expansions joints

2.2.3.2. Pressure thrust force

2.2.3.3. Expansion joint for equipment disassembly or differential settlement

2.3. Materials properties

2.3.1. GRP pipes and fittings properties

Rigidity of GRP aboveground N/m² 2 500

Rigidity of GRP underground N/m² 5 000

Poisson’s ratio axial to hoop due to

Poisson’s ratio hoop to axial due to

Coefficient of thermal expansion in µm/m

Coefficient of thermal expansion in µm/m.°

Axial tensile stress 1:0 (weeping) MPa 46 37 28 25 / /

Long term HDB (20 years) MPa 160 142 28 25 / /

Figure 1 : Failure enveloppe for plain pipes

Qualified stress (hoop direction), Qs 56 MPa