Analog IC Design - ECE404L Design-Build Experiment

BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY

Malolos City, Bulacan

Analog IC Design

EXPERIMENT No. 2
Differential Amplifier Operation
NAME: __________________________________
Course Yr & Sec.: ________________________
Group No.:_______________________________
Date Performed:_________________________

Performance Area Excellent (5) Good (4) Fair (3)

Design of Experiment (3)
Conducting Experiments (3)
Safety Rules (4)
Data Collection (4)
The design shows The components are Components are
neatness, components, placed in an acceptable placed but do not
and connection location show neatness.
terminals are properly
placed
The simulations are The simulations are The simulations are
conducted properly, conducted, with the conducted but does
with the correct signal correct signal not measure the
waveform, and give the waveform, does not correct values, and
exact measurement as give correct incomplete
expected. measurements. waveforms.
Safety rules and Safety rules and The design and the
precautions are precautions are presentation do not
exercised as shown in considered and show safety rules
the design and in the presented and precautions.
presentation
Able to collect the data, Able to collect the data, Unable to collect the
the data presented the data have different data properly.
show an accuracy based values based on the Incomplete data.
on the expected result expected result

Presented the Presented the Presented the

Presentation (3)
Analysis and Conclusion (4)
experiments clearly experiments based on experiment but
based on the objective objective but the results doesn't show the
and the result found. are not clearly stated. results based on
objectives.
The analysis shows The analysis and The analysis and
sensible information conclusion are stated conclusion are stated
and conclusions are with an acceptable
clearly stated based on explanation
the objective.

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Analog IC Design - ECE404L Design-Build Experiment

I OVERVIEW

All op-amps are differential input devices. Designers are accustomed to

working with these inputs and connecting each to the proper potential.
The idea of fully differential op-amps is not new. The first commercial op-
amp, the K2-W, utilized two dual section tubes (4 active circuit elements) to
implement an op-amp with differential inputs and outputs. It required a ±300
Vdc power supply, dissipating 4.5 W of power, had a corner frequency of 1 Hz,
and a gain bandwidth product of 1 MHz.
Almost 50 years later, IC processing has matured to the point that fully
differential op-amps are possible that offer a significant advantage over their
single-ended cousins. The advantages of differential logic have been exploited for
2 decades. More recently, advanced high-speed A/D converters have adopted
differential inputs. Single-ended op-amps require a problematic transformer to
interface to these differential input A/D converters. This is the application that
spurred the development of fully differential op-amps. An op-amp with
differential outputs, however, has far more uses than one application.

II OBJECTIVE
This experiment requires you to design and build a differential amplifier
on simulation software that will accept a 2mVpp with 1kHz sinusoidal input
signal using a function generator and measure and analyze the output response
of the signal using an oscilloscope. Measure and analyze the effect of the
configuration in different conditions such as single-ended input with double-
ended output and common-mode operation.

Scope
To meet the experiment requirements, you will need to:
• Organize the necessary task that you will need to perform to complete
this experiment based on the specifications
• Collectively assess and choose an appropriate design for the required
circuit.
• Create and implement the circuit on the simulation and apply the
necessary signal and connect the test equipment to measure and analyze
the output based on the specifications.
• Present your working experiment and share your experience via an oral
presentation in a 2-minute video.

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Analog IC Design - ECE404L Design-Build Experiment

III MATERIALS
2pcs 2N2222 – NPN Transistor
2pcs 10kohm – Resistor
1pc 12kohm – Resistor
Oscilloscope
Function Generator
Connecting wires (solid)

IV METHODOLOGIES

A. Single-Ended Input with Double-Ended Output differential amplifier

1. Set the Function Generator to a value below.

Output Voltage: 1 mVp
Output Frequency: 1kHz

2. Set the Oscilloscope to a value below.

Table 1: Oscilloscope Settings

Settings Channel A Channel B
Volts/div 1 mV/div 100 mV/div
Time Scale 1 ms/div 1 ms/div

IE IE
IT

Figure 1 Differential Amplifier Schematic Diagram

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Analog IC Design - ECE404L Design-Build Experiment

3. Measure the following parameter using the circuit in figure 1.

a. Tail current (IT ): ________________

b. Emitter current (IE): ________________

c. Output voltage (Vout): _____________________

4. Draw the output waveform of the single-ended input with double-ended

output.

Oscilloscope
settings:

Ch A: __________

Ch B: __________

B. Common-Mode Operation of a differential amplifier

Figure 2 Common-Mode Operation Schematic Diagram

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Analog IC Design - ECE404L Design-Build Experiment

1. Measure the following parameter using the circuit in figure 2.

d. Tail current (IT ): ________________

e. Emitter current (IE): ________________

f. Output voltage (Vout): _____________________

2. Draw the output waveform of the Common-Mode Operation differential

amplifier.
Oscilloscope
settings:

Ch A: __________

Ch B: __________

V ANALYSIS and CONCLUSION