AGRICULTURAL CROPS

PRODUCTION NC I
WHAT IS AGRONOMY?
➢It is a science that deals with
growing of crops in a much
more holistic manner than
ordinary agriculture.
WHAT IS AGRONOMY?
➢is a branch of agriculture that
deals with the theory and
practice of field-crop production
and the scientific management
of soil.
 AGRONOMY
➢The term comes from
the Greek Agros
that means field and
nomos that means
to manage.
 AGRONOMY
➢Herbaceous plants that are
growing on the farm under a
system of “extensive” or large-
scale culture.
❑Agronomic crops are
grouped or classified based
on the manner by which
they are utilized.
✓Cereal or grain crops
➢belonging to the grass family,
which are utilized as staples.
➢The word “cereal” is derived from
the name of the most important
grain deity, the Roman Goddess
Ceres.
✓Cereal or grain crops
➢The most important cereal crops
grown in the Philippines are rice
and corn.
➢Sorghum and wheat are minor
cereal crop grown in the country.
✓Grain legumes or pulses
➢Belonging to the family
Leguminoseae, which are
consumed in the dry seed form.
➢The legumes are rich sources of
protein.
✓Grain legumes or pulses
➢The plants possess the ability to
fix nitrogen from the air in
symbiotic association with
Rhizobium bacteria.
➢The major legume crops in the
Philippines are mungbean, peanut,
and soybeans.
✓Fiber crops
➢are sources of fiber.
➢The commercial fiber in the
Philippines is abaca.
✓Root and tuber crops
➢which are rich sources of
carbohydrate.
➢The major species of root crops
are cassava, sweet potato.
➢Potato is a tuber crop.
✓Forage legumes and grasses
for animal fodder
➢The important grass species are:
napier or elephant grass, para
grass, pangola grass.
➢The important legume forages
are: centro, ipil-ipil, stylo, siratro.
✓Crops for industrial processing
➢The economic species are;
sugarcane, tobacco.
❑Special purpose classification
of field crops
✓Soiling crop or zero grazing
➢one that is cut green and fed to
livestock.
✓Cover crop
➢a crop grown to maintain a plant
cover on the land to prevent
erosion and leaching, when
turned under it becomes a
manure crop hence, improved
soil condition.
✓Catch crop/Emergency crop
➢a crop planted on land where
other crops have failed, usually a
quick growing one.
✓Silage
➢forage that has been preserved
in a succulent condition by partial
fermentation.
✓Green manure
➢a crop grown and plowed under
to improve the soil.