WHAT IS HORTICULTURE?

HORTICULTURE
➢Hortus meaning garden and
➢Colere meaning to grow or
to cultivate (Cultura meaning
cultivation ).
 WHAT IS HORTICULTURE?

HORTICULTURE
➢This word was first conceived by
Peter Laurenberg.
➢The branch of Agriculture which
concerns with the garden
crops.
 HORTICULTURE
➢The branch of agriculture
concerned with intensively
cultivated plants directly used
by man for food, for medicinal
purposes or for aesthetic
purposes.
Main distinguishing features
of horticulture
1. Horticulture crops are used in
a living state while others like
grains are not used in a living
state.
Main distinguishing features
of horticulture
2. Horticulture crops are
comparatively more intensively
cultivated than field crops.
Main distinguishing features
of horticulture
3. Horticulture crops have high
water content and are highly
perishable.
Main distinguishing features
of horticulture
4. Cultural operations like
propagation, training, pruning
and harvesting are skilled and
specific to horticultural crops.
Main distinguishing features
of horticulture
5. Horticultural produce are rich
source of vitamins and
minerals and alkaloids.
DIVISION OF HORTICULTURE
1. POMOLOGY
2. OLERICULTURE
3. FLORICULTURE
4. LANDSCAPING
5. PLANTATION CROPS
6. POST HARVEST TECHNOLOGY
1. POMOLOGY
➢Pome-fruits and logos-study
➢Branch of horticulture that deals with
various aspects of fruits starting from
rising of saplings, growing them
properly and providing intercultural
operations.
❑Fruit crops are classified into:
a. tree fruits b. nut fruits,
and c. small fruits, depending
mainly on the habit of the plant
on which they are borne.
❑They are consumed fresh or in
the process form.
Tree Fruits
➢ Fruits borne on
trees. Majority of
the crops belong
to this category,
such as mango,
lanzones, durian,
orange, etc.
Nut Fruit
➢ Fruits borne on trees
but which are
enclosed by a stony
structure, such as
talisay, cashew, and
pili.
Small Fruit
➢ Fruits borne not on
trees but on
herbaceous plants,
such as pineapple,
strawberry, and vine
plants such as
grapes.
2. OLERICULTURE
➢It refers to cultivation of
vegetables.
❑Vegetable crops are classified
based on similarities in the
method of culture.
❑In general, crops belonging to
one group have the same
cultural requirements and
problems.
Leafy Vegetables
➢ Crops grown mainly for their
leaves, such as malunggay,
pechay, kangkong, and saluyot.
Cole Crops/ Crucifers
➢ Crops that belong to the crucifer
family specifically cabbage,
cauliflower and Chinese
cabbage.
Root, Tuber and Bulb Crops
➢ Crops with swollen underground
stems or roots, such as sweet
potato, onion, radish, and potato.
Legumes
➢ Crops belonging to the legume
family, such as sitao, cowpea,
lima bean, pigeon pea, chick
pea, and winged bean.
Solanaceous Crops
❑ Crops belonging to the
solanaceous or nightshade
family (Solanaceae) whose
economically useful parts are the
fruits, such as tomato, eggplant,
and sweet pepper.
Cucurbits
➢ Crops belonging to the cucurbit
family (Cucurbitaceae) such as
cucumber, muskmelon, squash,
watermelon, ampalaya, and
chayote.
Tree Vegetables
➢ Examples are malungay, katuray,
himbabao.
3. FLORICULTURE
➢The branch of horticulture that deals
with commercial growing, marketing
and arranging flowers and
ornamental plants which includes
annuals, biennials and perennials.
Cut Flower or Florist Crop
➢ Plants grown for their flowers, such
as daisies, roses, gladiolus,
carnations, chrysanthemum,
anthurium, sampaguita, orchids,
birds of paradise.
Cut Foliage or Florist Green
➢ Plants whose foliage provides
background in floral arrangement.
Ferns and asparagus are important
in this category. Some species of
asparagus like asparagus fern are
sometimes use for corsages,
bouquets, and wreaths.
Flowering Pot Plants
➢ Plants grown in containers for their
beautiful flowers, usually for display
purposes.
➢ (Chrysanthemum, poinsettia, santan,
bougainvilla).
Landscape Plants
➢ Almost ornamentals fall under this
category.
➢ They are used for landscaping
purposes.
Foliage Plants
➢ Plants grown for their attractive
foliage. Many of these plants can
tolerate low light intensities since
they have no demanding
inflorescence to support.
➢ Examples: begonia, philodendron.
Turf
➢ Used for lawns or greens (grass for
golf courses). They rightfully fall
under landscape plants but have
grown in importance to be in class
by themselves.
➢ Example: Manila grass
4. LANDSCAPING
➢Is the designs and alternation of a
portion of land by use of planting
material and land reconstructions.
5. PLANTATION CROPS
➢These are also classified
according to their useful
components.
➢They may have different cultural
practices but their principal
products can be substituted for
one another.
Oil Crops
➢ These are grown for their oil
content, such as coconut, African oil
palm, lumbang, castor bean.
Fiber Crops
➢ These are grown for their fibers
which are used for textiles, corsage,
pulp, paper twines, sacks, bags,
mats, etc. For example, abaca,
buri, kapok, cabo negro.
Beverage Crops
➢ Crops which are used for
brewing non-alcoholic drinks,
such as cacao, tea, and coffee.
Spices Producing Crops
➢ Examples:
black pepper (Piper nigrum),
vanilla (Vanilla planifolia).
Latexes and Resins
➢ These crops where products of the sap
(latex) tapped or obtained from the bark such
as rubber.
➢ Resins are organic substance from plants. It
is solid or semisolid natural organic
substance secreted in the sap of some plants
and trees that has a transparent or
translucent quality and a yellow or brown
color. It is used in varnishes, paints,
adhesives, inks, and medicines.
Medicinal and Biocidal Crops
➢ Sources of pharmaceutical and
insecticidal compounds.
➢ Examples of native species which have
been clinically tested to have medicinal
properties are lagundi (Vitex negundo),
yerba buena (Mentha cordiflora),
sambong (Blumea balsamifera).
6. POST HARVEST TECHNOLOGY
➢It deals with post harvest
handling, grading, packaging,
storage, processing, value
addition, marketing of
horticulture crops.