ASSESSMENT

OVERVIEW Paper 1 (AS) Paper 2 (AS) Paper 3 (AS)

40 marks (MCQs) 60 marks (AS structured qs) 40 marks (Advanced Practical Skills)

1 hour 15 minutes 1 hour 15 minutes 2 hours

31% of the AS Level 46% of the AS Level 23% of the AS Level
15.5% of the A Level 23% of the A Level 11.5% of the A Level

Paper 4 Paper 5
100 marks 30 marks
Structured questions Planning, Analysis and Evaluation

2 hours 1 hour 15 minutes

38.5% of the A Level 11.5% of the A Level
1
Circular
Motion
Circular Motion
Angular displacement

The angle subtended at the center of a circle by an arc formed when

object moves in a circular path from one point to another.

Units: radian
𝑙 = 𝑟𝜃

Where l is the arc length, θ is the angle in radians and r is the radius
θ
of circle
r l
Radian
One radian is the angle subtended at the center by an arc having
a length equal to radius of circle
 Converting degrees to radian

360 ° 180 ° 90° 270°

360° 180° 90° 270°

𝑙 = 𝑟𝜃 𝜋 (𝑟𝑎𝑑) = 180° 𝜋 !"

(𝑟𝑎𝑑) = 90° (𝑟𝑎𝑑) = 270°.
2𝜋𝑟 = 𝑟𝜃 2 #

𝜃 = 2𝜋 (𝑟𝑎𝑑) = 360°

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Circular motion
Angular Velocity
∆"
The rate of change of angular displacement with time 𝜔 =
#$
2𝜋
𝜔= = 2𝜋𝑓
𝑇
Where T is the time period and f is the frequency
Units: 𝑟𝑎𝑑 𝑠 %&
In uniform circular motion angular velocity remains constant θ

r l
Linear velocity
The rate of change of linear displacement with time
𝑙 𝑟𝜃
𝑣= =
𝑡 𝑡
𝑣 = 𝑟𝜔

Units: 𝑚 𝑠 %&

Linear velocity DOES NOT remain constant during circular motion

 Centripetal Force

As the object moves in a circular path, its direction is

continuously changing which also means its velocity is
constantly changing. Hence the object is accelerating. This
means that there must be a net force acting on the object.
This force is called the Centripetal force and it is always
directed towards the center of the circular path.

𝒗𝟐
𝑭=𝒎 = 𝒎𝝎𝟐 𝒓
𝒓
It is important to remember that this Centripetal force is the resultant of all the forces acting that are acting towards or
away from the center of the circle.
𝒗 𝟐
𝑨𝒄𝒄𝒐𝒓𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒕𝒐 𝑵𝒆𝒘𝒕𝒐𝒏" 𝒔 𝟐𝒏𝒅 𝒍𝒂𝒘 𝑭 = 𝒎𝒂, 𝒉𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒂 = 𝒐𝒓 𝒂 = 𝝎𝟐 𝒓
𝒓
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 Vertical Circles

Define Concept Discuss Details

𝑣! 𝑣!
𝑇 − 𝑚𝑔 = 𝑚 𝑇 + 𝑚𝑔 = 𝑚 𝑣!
𝑟 𝑟 𝑇 + 𝑚𝑔 cos 𝜃 = 𝑚
𝑟
"! "!
𝑇=𝑚 #
+ 𝑚𝑔 𝑇=𝑚 #
− 𝑚𝑔 𝑣!
𝑇 = 𝑚 − 𝑚𝑔 cos 𝜃
𝑟
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Why is acceleration towards the center?

V2

-V1
V1
 −𝑣$
Derivation of acceleration ∆𝜃
∆𝑣
𝑣%

∆𝑣 𝐴𝐵
=
𝑣 𝑟

𝑊ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝐴𝐵 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡,

AB = v∆𝑡
Hence,
∆𝑣 v∆𝑡
=
∆𝜃 𝑣 𝑟
r
r ∆𝑣 𝑣 #
=
𝑣% ∆𝑡 𝑟

B 𝒗𝟐
𝒂=
A 𝑣$ 𝒓
Explaining why water doesn’t fall out of a bucket that is spun vertically

𝑣!
𝑁 + 𝑚𝑔 = 𝑚
𝑟
𝑣!
𝑁 = 𝑚 − 𝑚𝑔
𝑟
If N becomes zero contact is lost and water will fall. Hence
𝑁>0
Define Concept Discuss Details
!
𝑣
𝑚 − 𝑚𝑔 > 0
𝑟
𝑣!
>𝑔
𝑟
𝑣 > 𝑔𝑟

The speed of the bucket and water must be greater than 𝑔𝑟 for the
water to not fall when bucket is at the top.

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 Banking system in roads

Banked Curves
𝑚𝑣 '
𝑁 sin 𝜃 = and 𝑁 cos 𝜃 = 𝑚𝑔
Road not banked 𝑟
𝑁 sin 𝜃 𝑣 '
Friction is to the left, keeping the car from =
𝑁 cos 𝜃 𝑟𝑔
slipping, and because it is the only horizontal force 𝑣'
tan 𝜃 =
acting on the car, the friction is the centripetal 𝑟𝑔
force in this case. 𝑣= 𝑟𝑔 tan 𝜃
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