SE 430: Software Project

Management

Project, Program and Portfolio Management

Dr. Mehvish Rashid

Mehvish.rashid@seecs.edu.pkl
This lecture
Review
Project, Program and Portfolio
Project Management Office (PMO)
Project Manager’s role, skill, attribute

2
“Project”
A project is “a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique
product, service, or result” (PMBOK® Guide, Fifth Edition, 2013)

Operations: (are different than projects)

work done to sustain the business

Projects end
when their objectives have been reached
the project has been terminated

Projects can be large or small and take a short or long time to

complete

3
Project Phase and Life Cycle
A project:
Unique purpose
Temporary
Developed using progressive elaboration
Requires resources, often from various areas
Should have a primary customer or sponsor
The project sponsor usually provides the direction and funding
for the project
Involves uncertainty

4
What Project is NOT

5
Project and Operations
Operations are ongoing. If you’re building cars on an
assembly line, that’s an operation.
If you’re designing and building a prototype of a specific car
model, that’s a project.

You might also see the word “process” instead of

“operation.”
A team might run a project to build software, but the company
might have an ongoing process for keeping the servers that run
the software from going down.

In fact, the group that keeps those servers running is often

called “IT Operations.”
6
Bigger Picture ?

Your project is an important part of the work your

company is doing,

But

you need to understand how it fits in to the higher-level

strategy your company is executing.

7
8
Old Hong Kong Airport
 Hong Kong Airport
Muhammad Moazam Fraz; PhD, PMP
moazam.fraz@seecs.edu.pk
http://seecs.nust.edu.pk/faculty/mmfraz.html

9
New Hong Kong Airport
 Was it one project
or
several or dozens of them?

10
Airport Core Program
The 10 interdependent projects
A new airport on a 3,100-
acre (1,250-hectare) site,
with 24-hour operations and
ultimate capacity of 87 million
passengers and 9 million
tons (8 million metric tons) of
cargo by 2040
A new 21-mile (34-
kilometer) express rail
system to downtown
The world’s longest
suspension bridge with car
and rail capacity
11
• A new 6-lane, 1.25-mile
(2-kilometer) tunnel
under the harbor
• A new town for 260,000
residents (next to the
airport)
• Two massive land
reclamations, almost
3,300 acres (1,337
hectares) for
port/industrial
development
• Three new highway
projects totaling 16
miles (25 kilometers)
What is a Program?
A program is a group of related projects managed
together to obtain specific benefits and controls that
would likely not occur if these projects were managed
individually.
(pg 9, PMBOK)

12
Dynamics and characteristics
Program managers rolls up information from all projects
to ensure business objectives are being met.

Manage constraints, share resources, resolve conflicts

among projects

Align goals of all projects under the program to meet the

organizational goals

Each project manager must ensure that his/her project is

also aligned with the program
13
Portfolio
A portfolio is a collection of projects or programs, sub
portfolios and operations grouped together to facilitate
effective management of efforts to meet strategic
business objectives. (pg 9, PMBOK)

14
Examples

The government wants to alleviate poverty

1. Education program/ sub portfolio
2. Agriculture productivity program /sub ….
3. Energy program /sub portfolio
4. Infrastructure program /sub portfolio

Portfolio: Not directly linked

with each other but aimed at
achieving a strategic objective.

15
Why Need a Portfolio?

16
Dynamics of a portfolio
Projects/Programs may or may not be interdependent.
Portfolio managers mostly focuses on identifying,
prioritizing and initiating Projects and programs –
10,000 feet view
Ensures whether strategic business objectives are
being met or not
Alignment………Synergy

17
We are perfectly aligned and focused

18
We are perfectly aligned and focused

19
Example: IBM portfolio

20
Softwares/Tools for Portfolio Management

IBM Rational Portfolio Manager

IBM Rational Portfolio Manager is a key component of this solution

providing the ability to align IT and systems investments with
business priorities, thereby optimizing investment and funding
decisions, containing costs, and maximizing value across the entire
portfolio.

Microsoft Project Portfolio Management

The PPM solution also provides portfolio analysis features, allowing

companies to select the optimal portfolio that aligns with their
strategic objectives.
21
Portfolios, Programs and Projects

22
 Management Perspective

Business Value
23
 Relationships Among Portfolios, Programs,
and Projects
PoM aligns with organizational strategies by selecting the
right programs or projects, prioritizing the work, and
providing the needed resources.

PgM harmonizes its projects and program components

and controls interdependencies in order to realize
specified benefits.

P M develops and implements plans to achieve a specific

scope that is driven by the objectives of the program or
portfolio it is subjected to and, ultimately, to
organizational strategies.

25
A Project Management Office (PMO)
In enterprise-sized organizations, it is the department
that improves project management by standardizing
processes and improving efficiency.
PMO is a management structure that standardizes the
project-related governance processes and facilitates the
sharing of resources, methodologies, tools, and
techniques.
The responsibilities of a PMO can range from providing
project management support functions to actually being
responsible for the direct management of one or more
projects.

26
Role of Project Manager
Projects are conducted to take organizations to the next
level, … … t o achieve strategic objective

Thus the PM is a responsible to take the organization

towards its goals

PM is a link between the present & the future

Knowing and applying tools and techniques is not enough

Knowledge
Performance
Personality
27
28
 People
Skills?
Like the
back of
my Hand

29
 Charismatic

30
Not afraid of
Challenges

31
Good Time manager

32
Can Get the job Done at any Cost

33
RESOURCEFUL

34
 Well Organized

35
QUICK DECISION

36
 Multi
tasking

37
NEGOTIATIONS

38
 GOOD
MEMORY

39
HANDS ON PERSONALITY &
PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE

40
 QUALIFICATIONS &DEGREES

41
should have eye on all
activities

42
43
Project Manager

Should be selected at the

start of the project
initiation

Should be authorized
adequately

Should not be overridden

infront of juniors

44
 The Project Management Processes

Project Management Processes

are concerned with describing and
organizing the work of the project

Product-oriented processes
are concerned with specifying and
creating the project products

45/15
The Project Management Processes (I)
Process Groups:
Initiating processes – recognize when project or phase should begin
Planning processes – designing and maintaining a scheme which leads to successful
accomplishment of a project
Executing processes – coordinating people and resources to carry out the plan
Controlling processes – monitoring and measuring progress and taking corrective actions
when necessary
Closing processes – analyzing acceptance of the project or phase and bringing it to an
end

Links between process groups =>

46/15
 The Project Management Knowledge
Areas

Project Integration Management

Ensure that various elements of the project are properly coordinated and integrated
Processes: Project Plan Development, Project Plan Execution, Overall Change
Control

Project Scope Management

Ensure that the project includes all the work required,
And only work required, to complete the project successfully
Processes: Initiation, Scope Planning, Scope Definition,
Scope Verification, Scope Change Control

Project Time Management

Ensure timely completion of the project
Processes: Activity Definition,Activity Sequencing,
Activity Duration Estimating, Schedule Development, Schedule Control

47/15
 The Project Management Knowledge
Areas (I)
Project Cost Management
Ensure that the project is complete within the approved budget
Processes: Resource Planning,
Cost Estimating, Cost Budgeting, Cost Control

Project Quality Management

Ensure that the project will satisfy the requirements
Processes: Quality Planning, Quality Assurance,
Quality Control

48/15
Next Class
Project Program and Portfolio
Organizations, Constraints and Successful PM
Come prepared!

48