The Componen

ts
Cell: The
Endomem
brane Cell:
System, Endomem
Mitochond brane
ria, System,
Chloroplas Mitochond
ts, ria,
Cytoskelet Chloroplas
on, and ts,
Extracellul Cytoskelet
ar on, and
Extracellul Cytoskelet
ar on, and
Componen Extracellul
ts ar
The Componen
ts
Cell: THE CELL: ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM,
MITOCHONDRIA, CHLOROPLASTS,
CYTOSKELETON, AND EXTRACELLULAR
COMPONENTS

Endomem
Mitochondria and Chloroplasts
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) – It is the major
energy currency of the cell that provides the energy
for most of the energy-consuming activities of the
cell. The ATP regulates many biochemical

brane
pathways.

Mechanism: When the third phosphate group of

ATP is removed by hydrolysis, a substantial amount
of

System,
free energy is released.

ATP + H2O → ADP + Pi where ADP is adenosine

diphosphate and Pi is inorganic phosphate

Mitochond
Group the learners into pairs. Ask one to draw the
endomembrane system as he/she explains it to his/
her partner. Reshuffle the groupings and repeat until
all learners have performed the exercise.

ria,
Synthesis of ATP:
ADP + Pi→ ATP + H2O
 requires energy: 7.3 kcal/mole
 occurs in the cytosol by glycolysis
 occurs in mitochondria by cellular

Chloroplas
respiration
 occurs in chloroplasts by photosynthesis

Adenosine
ts, Triphosphate
(ATP)—It is the
major!energy
currency!of the
cell that provides
the energy for
Synthesis of ATP