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Winter bivouac on Mount Kanin
in Slovenia: The modules for
the Alpine shelter were trans-
ported by helicopter to its ele-
vation at 2,260 m. The cabin
designed by Ofis arhitekti was
quickly installed by assistants
on site at the rocky outcrop
(pp. 34ff.).
Editorial
Sun, Wind and Climate Zones
When we speak of the “context” of architecture, the term
usually refers to the built environment or the historical back-
ground of a building. But the climatic conditions of a building
site are also contextually determined. These require specific
concepts that respond to factors such as heat and cold, fluc-
tuations in temperature, and snow loads. Not only elaborate
technical solutions are needed in this regard, but also design
approaches that integrate climate considerations into the
planning and construction process.
Our May issue focuses on bioclimatic construction and
introduces projects that have developed strategies for deal-
ing with climatic conditions in order to improve the quality
of indoor and outdoor spaces. Instead of costly high-tech
solutions, we compiled examples that approach regional
conditions with carefully planned, low-tech measures to great
effect – from the subtropics in Malawi to the glacier region
of Norway and Mediterranean Europe. In Hanoi, a tube-style
house by Vo Trong Nghia Architects filters strong sunlight
through concrete slats, and allows air to circulate between
the floors to ventilate its deep, narrow spaces. To protect
from monsoon rains, the Dutch firm SchilderScholte devel-
oped a prototypical concept for a community center in Bang-
ladesh, that makes use of local bamboo and drains rainwater
off wide roof overhangs, which also provide shade.
Our documentation and technology articles in this issue
take you to a variety of climatic regions and countries, from
Lebanon to the Alps, Ecuador, and the United States. They
present convincing concepts for climate-responsive building,
addressing an important aspect of sustainability that is often
overlooked. A complementary perspective on these aspects
is provided in our latest issue of Detail green, which is includ-
ed inside our May issue and focuses on timber structures.
We hope it inspires you!
Sandra Hofmeister
redaktion@detail.de
Reports
1 Editorial
Sandra Hofmeister
4 The Small Miracle of Mannheim: Spinelli Participatory Student Building Project in Mannheim
Enrico Santifaller
Discussion
10 Courtyard Houses in China – How Climate Influences Typology
Zhu Tan
Documentation
18 House Renovation in Hanoi
Vo Trong Nghia Architects + Takashi Niwa
56 Residence in Chacras
Natura Futura Arquitectura
Technology
60 High Comfort – Low Impact: Climate-responsive Design Strategies
Transsolar, Najjar & Najjar Architects, Studio 804
Products
68 Facades
76 Interior Design
86 Solar Power, Solar Protection
92 CAD, Software and BIM
96 Service
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104 Contributors
Report
4 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
The Multihalle pavilion designed by Carl- ture. And the entire process, from initial Additionally, the construction would have to
fried Mutschler, Joachim Langner, and Frei sketches to completion, took less than eight be quick and easy, as it would be built to-
Otto for the 1975 Federal Garden Exhibition months. gether with its users and local craftsmen.
(“Bundesgartenschau”) was quickly The student construction project is multifac- Of the 15 student proposals submitted, a
dubbed the “miracle of Mannheim.” While a eted, but based on an ordinary concept, jury chose a design by Sandra Gressung,
major initiative is currently underway to pre- that of a wooden pavilion. To formulate the Sascha Ritschel, and Tobias Vogel. Togeth-
serve the wood lattice gridshell structure task, Stefan Krötsch, a junior professor of er, the students handled all of the planning
that is pegged for demolition by the Man- tectonics in timber construction, and Tatja- phases and visualizations, and lived in the
nheim city council, in 2016 another small na Dürr, a lecturer on building culture, con- BEA during the construction phase.
architectural miracle occurred in the same sulted with refugees living at the “needs- The 500 m2 building ensemble includes two
city. A group of 18 architecture students oriented preliminary reception facility” courtyards. One is u-shaped and can ac-
from the Kaiserslautern Technical Universi- (BEA), which was established by the state commodate events with up to 200 people.
ty designed and built a community center of Baden-Württemberg in 2015 at the for- The second is enclosed with covered seat-
at the Spinelli refugee camp – together with mer Spinelli U.S. Army barracks. The refu- ing niches and a cherry tree. A succession
25 refugees. The result is a decidedly sim- gees expressed their wishes for a both of smoothly interconnecting spaces pro-
ple yet wonderfully refined wooden struc- communal area and a place of retreat. vides opportunities for various kinds of use.
2
∂ 2017 ¥ 4 Reports 5
A great deal of thought was given to the an inviting gesture, is not imposed, but re-
design of the rather complex construction. sults from the construction itself.
The northern wall, 22 m long, forms the An award recognized the participants for
structural backbone, whereby the bulk- their engagement beyond the scope of
heads, cantilevers, and firmly bolted cross- their studies. The valuable experiences that
laminated timber roof panels work together the students gained through the project
to bear the load. The semipermeable lattice likewise went far beyond the scope of their
walls and trusses are made from five layers studies.
of Douglas fir battens (3 ≈ 5 cm) to com-
pensate for the wood’s low transverse ten-
Photos, Video:
sile strength. Filigree latticework was also www.detail.de/D5_2017_Spinelli
applied to the girder truss.
Together with the varied play of sunlight, 1 Enclosed courtyard with covered seating niches
the lattice walls and trusses give the struc- 2 Community area with open courtyard
3 Isometric, large support with latticework
ture an ornamental, Oriental appearance. 4 Installation of a timber frame building element
This ornamentation, which is understood as 5 Axonometric of the construction 4
5
6 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
The exhibition “Paris Haussmann. A Model’s marks, such as the Arc de Triomphe, the building projects undertaken through their
Relevance” presented at the Pavillon de Opéra, and the Dôme des Invalides. The firm LAN (Local Architecture Network),
l’Arsenal addresses an aspect of Paris that boulevards were not primarily intended for Benoît Jallon and Umberto Napolitano have,
has until recently received little attention. pedestrian flaneurs, but they were perfect like many of their colleagues, confronted the
Neither the “Grand Projets” nor glorified nos- for the swift mobilization of the military forc- consequences of Haussmannian urban de-
talgia are the theme of this show, but rather es against a latently rebellious population. sign – with its unusually angular lots and
the future viability of a holistic urban model But how well conceived is the Haussmann narrow courtyards. Their scientific and very
from the 19th century. model in terms of quality of life and efficien- graphically refined analysis, which they pre-
cy in a rapidly growing metropolis with all of pared together with the architect and engi-
Ideal City Without a Grid its challenges? According to what rules did neer Franck Boutté, dismantles Hauss-
The unique flair of Paris has been described the geometric sectioning of the city occur? mann’s Paris into its typical street profiles,
and celebrated in countless paintings, nov- How were issues of access and ownership plaza proportions, and building typologies.
els, and films. So it is all the more surprising resolved? What measures were taken to en- Here, historical drawings and plans are pre-
that the Paris we know today can be traced sure comfortable indoor climates, and to de- sented alongside archival and present-day
back to a single urban planner, without in termine the necessary residential density? photographs. Particular attention has been
the least appearing like a standard, grid- How does Paris compare in terms of effi- given to the profile and organization of the
based city. Between 1852 and 1869 upon ciency to other major cities, such as Barce- ordinary residential block, which in all its
orders by Napoléon III, Baron Georges-Eu- lona or New York? What relevance does the variations seems to have resulted incidental-
gène Haussmann, the prefect of the Seine Haussmann model have for urban develop- ly from the large-scale connecting lines of
Department, had entire neighborhoods de- ment today and in the future? the boulevards that defined its every rela-
molished to make room for wide boulevards tionship, from the public space, to the build-
that sliced through the impenetrable convo- Cartography and Analysis ing lot, and the individual apartment unit.
lution of narrow streets. These would then It is no coincidence that the curators of the The visible surface of the Haussmannian
directly connect magnificent new land- exhibition are architects. With the Parisian standard can be found in a catalogue of
decorative elements that includes innumera-
ble variations of cast iron railings and balco-
nies, as well as ornamental stonework to
frame portals and windows..
3 Photos: www.detail.de/D5_2017_Haussmann
5
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Discussion
10 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
Origin and Basic Elements south. Less important and functional rooms multi-courtyard compound, and then a vil-
The courtyard house is an iconic form of are located at lower levels and face north – lage or city, the system represents a unified
traditional Chinese housing, found predom- the cooler and more shaded side of the organic entity. Over the centuries, waves of
inantly in the central and eastern coastal building. Secondary buildings are located migration took the courtyard building tradi-
areas of China. Originally based on the ag- on the courtyard’s two long sides. In this tion from more saturated areas to the fron-
ricultural economy, the courtyard house re- way, the buildings surrounding the court- tier. While sharing a similar basic pattern,
flects the close relationship between its in- yard also constitute a hierarchical unit that the courtyard house varies in form, propor-
habitants and nature, with variations re- reflects the traditional Confucian social or- tion, and scale to reveal distinct attributes
sponding to prevailing climatic conditions. der. At a larger scale, single-courtyard responding to the circumstances at hand,
Built around a central rectangular yard, dwellings are easily combined to form a from geographic and climatic conditions
courtyard houses have relatively generic in- sizable compound, with the individual and the availability of local building materi-
terior spaces; their actual functions are de- courtyard building being flexible enough to als, to different forms of social organization.
termined by their position and orientation. accommodate other uses – not just a resi-
In order to take advantage of sun- light and dence but also government offices, a Materials and Climate Zones
winds, key spaces are usually located school, or temple. Able to grow in size and China’s basic construction material in the
along the main axis of the house and face complexity from a single courtyard to a past time was timber. Traditionally, it was
2
∂ 2017 ¥ 4 Discussion 11
3 4
6 7
All the buildings are connected by galleries perature inside the rooms. Thick roofs pro- around a narrow courtyard. Jinshan is lo-
and face the inner courtyards. The siheyu- vide additional insulation and slope to cated on the Loess Plateau in China’s
an is enclosed by the buildings’ window- quickly drain the torrential summer rains. monsoon climate zone, with short, hot sum-
less back walls and connecting walls, pro- mers with little rainfall, and cold, dry winters
viding its inhabitants with an inward-look- Zhaiyuan – Narrow Courtyard House in with strong winds and dust storms blowing
ing, autonomous realm. Jinshan in from the northwest. In response to the
A vital task of housing in this region is to in- A regional variation of the siheyuan court- climate, the side buildings are placed clos-
sulate against the summer heat and winter yard house can be found in Jinshan, an ar- er together to protect the inner courtyard
cold. The spaciousness of the main court- ea in central China covering Shanxi and space and the courtyard-facing facades
yard welcomes sunlight during the dark Shaanxi provinces. While the courtyard from the elements. In summer, the narrow-
winter months, while the enclosure defends houses here preserve the organizational set buildings cast their cool shadow on the
against the cold northwest winds. Trees pattern of the Beijing siheyuan, the propor- courtyard, minimizing exposure to direct
planted in the courtyards offer shade in tions between length and width is more sun (fig. 8). The long, thin courtyard with its
summer. The skeleton structures of Beijing pronounced at 2:1, and sometimes even entrance at the southeast corner allows a
siheyuan are made from timber, while the more extreme, reaching 5:1 (fig. 6, 7). refreshing breeze to enter the house, mak-
brick envelope walls maintain a steady tem- There were different reasons to build ing indoor temperatures cooler and more
8
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13
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14
Photos:
www.detail.de/D5_2017_Hofhäuser_China
ber from the nearby mountains and rammed northern siheyuan. “Wufeng lou” means “five Water collected in the pond can be used for
earth dug out from the building site. These phoenix house” and refers to the perfect drinking, irrigation, aquaculture, and fire
were called tulou, meaning “earthen dwell- unity of the five elements or virtues repre- protection. The symmetrically arranged
ings”, which emphasizes their strong, solid sented by the front, central, rear, left, and buildings rise up gradually, allowing the
outside walls. Tulou were built in various right buildings.A good example of a classic small courtyards to receive ample sunlight.
shapes; the wufeng lou (fig. 16,17) is an wufeng lou is the famous Yulong Lou in The wufeng lou follows the Chinese archi-
early prototype that strongly influenced the Yongding county in southwest Fujian. It has tectural principles of bilateral symmetry and
dwelling typology of the southern coastal three central halls and two side buildings. In social hierarchy. The most important spac-
region, and its form remained popular accordance with feng shui, it is situated with es, being the main entrance, family hall,
throughout the region. Its site selection, plan the hill behind it, which blocks the cold wind family temple, and the elders’ rooms are on
organization, and use of natural elements in winter, while a crescent-shaped pond in the central axis and arranged from low to
follow the principles of feng shui, the Chi- front of the compound channels a cool high reflecting status, while rooms for
nese philosophical system traditionally ap- breeze in summer. Vegetation on the hill younger generations are located in the side
plied to architecture that strives toward har- helps to conserve soil and water, optimize buildings.The name Tuolou emphasizes the
mony between nature and human beings. the microclimate, and provides fruit and tim- feature of the outside walls which are made
Its rectangular shape is an adaptation of the ber. Building on a slope avoids flooding. by earth.
17
Documentation
18 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
Long, narrow sites determine the character which accommodates planting troughs that front and rear of the building and brings the
of the “district of the 36 lanes” in Hanoi’s old are luxuriantly planted with shrubs and small daylight that enters through the roof-light
town. In this densely developed quarter a trees. and the glass block walls deep into the inte-
renovated six-storey house on a plot only To improve the ventilation of this deep rior. The air circulation is aided by a shaft
2.80 metres wide and 33 metres deep dem- house, particularly during the hot, moist beside the lift that extends the height of the
onstrates how, despite unusual building pro- summers, the architects removed the exist- building. Access to the five-storey dwelling
portions, a sense of spatial generosity can ing reinforced concrete stairs at the centre is from the art gallery on the ground floor. A
be achieved. At the same time the quality of of the building. It had hindered the circula- lift and a separate single-flight staircase at
the living space was improved by making tion of air between the rooms that face the the rear of the gallery bring you to the dwell-
optimal use of natural ventilation and green- street and the rear half of the house, which ing: from the entrance to the apartment you
ing the building.In this regard the double contained dark, stuffy spaces that were un- have a view through the entire length of the
layers of the street façade play a most im- suitable for living or sleeping in. house to the planted street front with the
portant role. Horizontal precast concrete The new lightweight stairs built of wood and vertical garden that rises through several
louvers filter the strong sunlight and hinder steel allows both air and light to flow verti- storeys. This heightens the impression of
views into the building. They also create an cally through the house. A translucent glass generosity and mediates between the intro-
intermediate zone up to 4 metres deep footbridge beside the stairs connects the verted house and the busy urban space.
Site plan
scale 1:1250 7
Floor plans 13
scale 1:250 14
1 Entrance 13
2 Art gallery 9
3 Lift Fifth floor
4 Balcony
5 Living room
6 Lobby
7 Void
8 Dining room
9 Glass floor 7 12
10 Kitchen
11 Bar 9 12
12 Bedroom
13 Roof terrace Third floor
14 Prayer room
7
11
10
9 8
Second floor
6 5 4
First floor
a 3
2 1
a
Ground floor
∂ 2017 ¥ 4 Documentation 19
20 House Renovation in Hanoi 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
Section
scale 1:400
aa
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2
3
Vertical section
scale 1:20
5
22 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
In the spectacular glacier region of the Ok- and the heavy winds provided the basis for spaces on either side have large windows
stindan Mountain Range during winter eve- dimensioning the closely spaced timber that offer fine views of the mountain range or
rything seems to disappear in a white land- frame. Local volunteers helped to erect the the valley. On sunny days the double glaz-
scape utterly devoid of shadow. Low tem- simply detailed cabin, the individual ele- ing ensures comfortable temperatures and
peratures, storms and snow drifts presented ments were transported by helicopter from plenty of light. It was originally planned to
the architects with considerable difficulties the sawmill. The silvery grey colour of the use triple glazing throughout the building to
in designing a cabin for the Norwegian Trek- spruce cladding was produced by applying provide optimal insulation. Due to the differ-
king Association which those seeking shel- a protective coating of ferrous sulphate. In ence in altitude between the location of the
ter could find even in a snow storm and response to the frequent heavy snow drifts production facility and the cabin, which
which, thanks to its aerodynamic silhouette, two entrances, positioned opposite each stands at 1200 metres above sea level,
presents a minimal surface area to the driv- other, were made to ensure access to the pressure equalization would be necessary
ing wind and snow. Two chimneys, visible building. A mezzanine floor at the centre in the cavity between the panes of glass in
from a distance, project from the Rabot with kitchen below and gallery above di- order to avoid the excessive bending stress
Tourist Cabin, named after glaciologist vides the cabin into two parts, which can be and visual distortions that can arise particu-
Charles Rabot. The extreme climatic condi- separated by means of sliding doors and larly with triple glazing. Consequently, the
tions exerted a strong influence on the de- can be heated independently by one of the architects confined the use of such glazing
sign. The average snow loads of 9.5 kN/m2 wood-burning stoves. The higher communal to the sleeping areas.
∂ 2017 ¥ 4 Documentation 23
aa bb
13 15
14 13
13 15
16 13
11
First floor
cc
5
Site plan 5 Entrance
scale 1:1500 6 Dry toilet
6 Floor plans 7 Dining room
10 10
Sections 8 Kitchen
scale 1:250 9 Living room
10 Bedroom
1 Cabin with 11 Store
a 7 8 9 a services 12 Wood
2 Main cabin store
3 Planned 13 Void
11 rescue hut 14 Gallery
b 10 10 10 b 4 Okstindtjønna 15 Bunk bed
Lake 16 Services
12 10
Ground floor c
24 Cabin for Trekkers in the Okstindan Mountain Range 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
Horizontal sections 1
Vertical section
scale 1:20
9 4
8
d d
dd
e e
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4 2
ee
26 Cabin for Trekkers in the Okstindan Mountain Range 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
6 2
ff
1
Horizontal sections
Vertical section
scale 1:20
f f
7
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6 2 9
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Video: www.detail.de/D5_2017_Jarmund
28 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
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scale 1:20
3 2
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3
10
11
12
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Vertical section
scale 1:20
10
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Sections
Architecture: Ofis arhitekti Floor plan
Photos: Janez Martincic scale 1:100
The Kanin mountain range, which straddles metres the interior consists of two distinct
the Slovenian-Italian border, is a popular spaces: the benches and shelving in the
goal for both ramblers and skiing enthusi- front part are adjoined by three platforms
asts. Shimmering amidst the rocky land- offering sleeping spaces for up to nine per-
scape a small, slender volume stands on a sons. Through the fixed glazing in the pan-
mountain saddle at an altitude of 2260 me- orama window, while lying down you can
tres – a bivouac that offers shelter and enjoy a view that on clear days extends as
serves as very simple accommodation dur- far as the Adriatic.
ing the winter months when the neighbour- The 6 cm thick three-ply panels with a sim-
ing mountain cabin is closed. The bivouac ply sanded surface give the space a warm
box is exposed to a high Alpine climate and pleasant atmosphere. Opening perfo-
characterized by storms, extreme differenc- rated elements in the floor and on the up-
es of temperature and heavy snowfall. It is per edge of the wall opposite provide natu-
one of several prototypes with which the ar- ral cross ventilation.
chitects are researching building under ex- As this region can be reached only on foot bb
treme climatic conditions and testing form, or by helicopter the bivouac had to be
construction and materials. transported by helicopter, which was taken
The tiny cabin on Kanin is a compact into account in calculating the size and
wooden volume, clad in aluminium, only weight of the modules. The timber ele-
2.40 metres wide and 4.90 metres long. ments, the glazing and the other building
Fixed to the concrete foundation by means parts were flown to the location. Volunteers
of steel plates, it is additionally secured by put the parts together on site, fitted thermal
six steel cables. Half of the building pro- insulation, wind bracing and the external
jects above the rock face, the narrow end envelope of composite aluminium panels,
wall facing down the valley is almost entire- and completed the mountain shelter in the
ly glazed. On a floor area of just 10 square space of just three days.
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36 Winter bivouac in the Kanin Mountains 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
Isometric
exploded view of interior
∂ 2017 ¥ 4 Documentation 37
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In Malawi in south-east Africa people spend considerable time, developed a prototype ings, which consequently hardly come into
most of their time outdoors. It is therefore for the Health Ministry that is influenced by contact with the rain or direct sunlight. Air
most important that buildings should offer traditional building forms in the region and is can circulate freely in the space in-between,
sufficient protection against sun and heavy located not far from the regional hospital. ensuring that the rooms below remain cool.
rainfall. The Maternity Waiting Village, a vil- There are three groups, each consisting of Opening louvers and brick screens with
lage-type complex where pregnant women three lower buildings which accommodate gaps between the bricks allow the buildings
can stay while awaiting the birth of their sleeping areas and sanitary facilities and to be cross-ventilated. The solid walls are
child, also provides basic medical care are arranged around small courtyards, the built of unfired bricks pressed into shape on
services. The mortality rate among mothers clusters are completed by communal spac- site by local people. Load-bearing piers
and newborn children in rural Malawi is es. To create agreeable conditions for projecting out of the walls create shady
high, as pregnant women often have to trav- spending time outdoors the steeply sloping niches in which benches invite people to
el long distances to reach the nearest medi- roofs project far beyond the walls. They are rest for a while. Each group of buildings has
cal facility, in the process endangering their connected with each other by gutters that a roofed veranda that also offers plenty of
own life and that of their child. The archi- direct rainwater into a drainage system in seating. Large infiltration surfaces between
tects of the Mass Design Group, who have the ground. The timber roof construction the groups of buildings prevent rainwater
been designing humanitarian facilities for a forms a second skin above the actual build- from ponding on the outdoor areas.
∂ 2017 ¥ 4 Documentation 39
1 Dry toilets
2
2 Toilets/ Washing area
3 3 Bedroom
4
4 Veranda
5 5 Kitchen
10
6 7 8 6 Dining area
3 7 Consultation room
11 8 Battery store
9 Drainage system
3 10 Courtyard with
sand bed / flood zone
11 Communal courtyard
9
Site plan
scale 1:1000
XбŨýĩğś ° #Čĩĩœ ĻČyğś
scale 1:250
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40 Maternity Waiting Homes in Kasungu 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
1
1 Truss made of pine sections
2 240/200 mm concrete ring beam
3 Concrete slab as cooking area with open fire
beneath
4 Sink
5 Tabletop for preparing food 2
6 Eating area / veranda
7 Bench, 90 mm concrete slab
8 Wall of compressed stabilised earth blocks
240/140/90 mm
9 Ventilation screen of earth blocks
7
4 4 3 8
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d d
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4
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∂ 2017 ¥ 4 Documentation 41
42 Maternity Waiting Homes in Kasungu 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
1
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∂ 2017 ¥ 4 Documentation 43
5 4
The research institute on the campus of the encloses the entire block in polycarbonate slabs distribute air that is conditioned by
University of Barcelona (UAB) focuses on panels that can be opened. In summer hot borehole heat exchangers and also reduce
environmental sciences and palaeontology. air rises in the facade and in the light-wells, the slabs’ own weight. Pipes carrying water
The demands made on the sustainability of which extend the entire height of the build- used in thermally activating the floors and
the new building complex, in which lecture ing, and escapes at the top through roof the steel reinforcement for the slab run
halls, offices and laboratories are accommo- vents. At the same time the air that is drawn above and below these tubes. The concept
dated on five floors, are accordingly high. into the building is pre-cooled in a one metre is based on three differently air-conditioned
Car parking areas and storage rooms are high hollow space beneath the basement areas: zones such as the atrium or the areas
organized on two further floors below ground and then directed into the atriums. In the used during breaks from work, which are
level. The hot, moist summers in Catalonia winter the facade vents remain closed and conditioned by passive measures, the offic-
and the sizable heat loads that arise in the the air behind the synthetic panels warms es, which can be additionally heated, and
high-tech spaces called for a carefully con- the courtyards and the office cubes, which the air-conditioned laboratories. At the very
sidered ventilation strategy. The architects are equipped with ventilation flaps. With its top, on the fifth floor, experimental green-
grouped insulated wooden cubes around thick floor slabs the reinforced concrete houses supply the users with home-grown
four atriums that serve as buffer zones. An structure represents a considerable thermal plants, while luxuriant vegetation in the atri-
economical industrial greenhouse system mass. The hollow tubes at the centre of the um helps improve the indoor climate.
∂ 2017 ¥ 4 Documentation 45
Site plan
scale 1:4000
#Čĩĩœ ĻČyğś ° XбŨýĩğ
12 scale 1:750
A Second basement
11 B Ground floor
12 11 C First floor
D Fourth floor
13
11 12
11
12
1 Storage
9 9 9 9 2 Laboratory
3 Dining room
4 Staff room
5 Atrium
9 11 6 Meeting room
11 7 Printer room
9 9 8 Lecture hall
9
9 Office
10 Management /
9 administration
9 11 Void
11 12 Experimental
9 greenhouse
11 13 Multi-purpose
space
9 9
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46 Research Institute in Cerdanyola del Vallès 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
3
2
Video: www.detail.de/D5_2017_Harquitectes
∂ 2017 ¥ 4 Documentation 47
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48 Research Institute in Cerdanyola del Vallès 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
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50 Research Institute in Cerdanyola del Vallès 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
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Architecture/Photos:
SchilderScholte architects
The community centre in Rajarhat in north- level, and offers shade and protection from tering the building, while still allowing suffi-
ern Bangladesh, built through the aid of the the rain for the two buildings placed be- cient airflow so that, in combination with nu-
Dutch Pani Foundation, is a low-tech build- neath it and for the open, veranda-like areas merous small openings on the northern side,
ing with a passive climate concept that uti- lying between them. The positioning of the the building can be naturally cross ventilat-
lises the resources available on site. The in- volumes and the considerable distance be- ed and the temperature inside the class-
tention is that, in the long term, the project tween their ceiling slabs and the underside rooms reduced by several degrees. The
will enable the poor population to achieve of the roof ensure natural air circulation. The complex was erected by construction work-
economic independence. Adults are trained northern building houses a workshop, a ers trained especially for this purpose, using
here to produce products for the regional shop and a storage area, while the south- mostly locally available materials. The
market, for instance bicycles with bamboo ern, two-storey building contains the class- blocks are built of hand-made fired bricks
frames, while the children can attend kinder- rooms, toilets and water tanks. An outdoor from a nearby brickworks; bamboo poles
garten and play on the site. The building stairs leads to the upper floor from where a were used instead of wood for the columns
and its construction method are adapted to steel footbridge connects to the covered and beams of the roof structure. Poles of the
suit the subtropical monsoon climate. A meeting area on the roof of the workshop same kind serve as façade cladding, rail-
large roof spans the U-shaped, ground floor opposite. The narrow slits in the south fa- ings and parapets and help give the com-
slab, which is slightly higher than ground çade minimize the amount of sunshine en- plex a homogeneous appearance.
∂ 2017 ¥ 4 Documentation 53
1 Shop
2 Workshop
3 Storeroom
4 Covered work
area
5 Covered plaza
6 Courtyard
7 Classroom
8 Meeting area
9 Footbridge
10 Arcade
11 Storage /
water tanks
Video: www.detail.de/D5_2017_SchilderScholte
aa cc
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a b
1 2
4 8
3
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5 6 9
d d
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7 11 11 7
a b
Vertical section
Horizontal section
scale 1:20
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56 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
Residence in Chacras
Elevation
In April 2016 the client’s family house was
Section
completely destroyed during one of the Floor plan
most severe earthquakes in the history of scale 1:100
Ecuador. As they had been made homeless,
1 Terrace
relatives gave them a site in Chacras, a 2 Entrance
small town directly on the Peruvian border. 3 Kitchen with
dining area
Following a construction period of just ten
4 Sleeping area,
days, thanks to efficient collaboration be- separable by
tween the local culture initiative Cronopios curtains
5 Bathroom
and the office of Natura Future Arqitectura
6 Kitchen garden
they were able to move into the new house
in May already. Presenting the design in the
social media attracted numerous donations
of materials and, under the direction of the
architects, many neighbours, civil and state-
employed earthquake helpers assisted with
the construction work. Sustainability through
recycling is the key aspect of this project,
which was developed through dialogue with
the client and the local council as a proto-
type for social buildings in the future. As the
main construction element transport palettes
were used, which were fitted together to
form modules with a chequer-board pattern
and are braced by vertical pieces of used
wood. In the “closed” squares of these mod-
ules the palettes were sealed with boarding, aa
while the “open” squares contain top-hung
elements that open outwards and are filled
with horizontal wooden strips with gaps be-
tween them, which guarantees permanent
ventilation. To ensure free circulation of air a a
and to prevent the formation of mould in the 3
moist tropical climate the house hovers 40
centimetres above the ground and the roof
4 4
is elevated above the building on columns.
This corrugated metal roof projects far be-
yond the exterior of the building, protecting
the façade from rain and providing pleasant
shade in the interior. The living area of
around 22 square metres is divided into 2
three zones: on the left and right are sleep-
ing areas which can be separated with cur-
tains. The kitchen – built from palettes and
fruit crates – is in the middle, adjoined by a 1 6 5
dining area for the five person family. When
needed the communal area can expand to
the terrace at the front, where the family can
join in a sing-song with friends, perform the-
atre or simply be together. MG
∂ 2017 ¥ 4 Documentation 57
58 Residence in Chacras 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
1 2
3
Vertical section
scale 1:20
6 7
8
Technology
60 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
If you want to create positive change in the Although the three examples may appear ground. This low-cost passive measure can
world education is a powerful tool. But what different at first glance, they share many be implemented economically by choosing
does high standard education need? The similarities. In each project the local climate suitable building materials that are easily
educational space and the program itself was first analyzed to understand the poten- obtainable locally. The first building, the
play a significant role. The four relevant de- tial support offered by nature: sun, wind, temporary refugee school, uses no me-
sign criteria for a sustainable and support- and earth. In all cases, the architectural de- chanical systems at all; while the second
ive environment are air quality, daylighting, sign integrates the most rewarding passive example, which has higher occupancy lev-
thermal comfort, and acoustics. In meeting measures, daylight autonomy, and air qual- els, uses fans to supplement ventilation. In
these exacting requirements buildings with ity without compromising thermal comfort, comparison, the Forum at Marvin Hall ex-
a high intensity of use pose a greater chal- while at the same time minimizing the ener- ploits the same physical principles, but
lenge. gy required for active measures. All three takes a somewhat more high-tech ap-
The following projects showcase three ex- buildings take advantage of natural ventila- proach. The building mechanically adapts
amples based on comparable design prin- tion using the physical phenomenon of the to outside conditions. Its double skin fa-
ciples: Nasma School and Shams Library, stack effect, driven by thermal buoyancy. cade creates a buffer zone that utilizes sea-
both in Lebanon, and the Forum in Marvin The first two low-tech buildings in Lebanon sonal temperature differences and allows
Hall at the University of Kansas. operate by pre-tempering the air in the ventilation that is, for the most part, natural.
B
∂ 2017 ¥ 4 Technology 61
C D
E G
62 High Comfort – Low Impact: Climate-responsive Design Strategies 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
H J
the Lebanese youth-oriented NGO, SAWA, However, acquiring an official site proved and the exclusive use of passive measures.
collaborated to investigate a low-cost difficult. Since the goal was to erect a low- Exterior walls are built from stacked, recy-
solution – a pilot project applying climate- cost prototype quickly, it was decided to cled, 30 cm-thick bags filled on site with
responsive strategies to the design of a build the school on a private site further earth and held in position by trussed frames.
model refugee school. The temporary south. Climatic conditions on both sites are It was initially planned to use goat’s wool
structure has a life span of up to five years, similar and allow informative comparisons with a minimum thickness of 10 cm as insu-
and will leave no ecological footprint. The to be made. The valley lies at the foot of the lation but in the end dried pine needles – a
team used traditional building methods Anti-Lebanon mountain range, at an alti- traditional and locally available material –
as a source of inspiration, employed sim- tude of 1000 metres on a plateau in the in- were used instead. The earth-filled bags
ple, locally obtainable materials, and in- terior of the country. This dry region suffers provide thermal mass that helps reduce the
volved the refugees in the construction from seasonal extremes of temperature. impact of the dramatic changes in the out-
process. The initial intention was to build The summers are very hot with the temper- door temperature on the spaces. Thermal
on a site in the Bekaa Valley so that the ature reaching 40 °C, while snowfall is fre- simulations showed that, as a result, the
school would be close to the major refugee quent during the winter. The construction, room temperature in the interior can be
camps. Consequently the design studies layout and orientation of the classrooms are raised by up to 3 °C in winter, and reduced
were based on the valley’s climate data. based on an analysis of the local climate by up to 5 °C in summer. The shadow cast
K
∂ 2017 ¥ 4 Technology 63
L M
on the facade helps avoid excessive solar school complex, it was planned by the par- roof consists of MDF boards, waterproof-
heat gains in summer; while in winter light ticipants in the Smart Structures for Refu- ing, air layer, insulation, and roofing of
and heat from the low level sun can enter gee Facilities workshop and erected with white galvanized zinc. In this building, too,
the spaces. the help of the later users. The Transsolar the facade is made using locally available
The ventilation of the classroom is provided Academy assisted the students from the bags which were filled with sand and fixed
by ducts running in the ground, built from American University of Beirut’s Department by timber sections to the vertical members
horizontally laid “hourdis” – precast con- of Architecture and Design in devising the of the frames. On the inside the construc-
crete blocks with tubular voids –, which in- energy and comfort concept. The library tion is lined with white plasterboard panels.
troduce fresh air into the space after it has serves a refugee school of 300 children Thanks to the sand-bags the construction
been cooled by the lower temperature of the and combines a frame that can be quickly has a high thermal mass and good acous-
ground. The system is based on a fresh air erected with climate-responsive passive tic qualities. Shelving between the frames
requirement of 20 m3/(h. per person) at a strategies. The three-pin arch of the frame provides space for books and toys. A trans-
low pressure loss of less than 10 Pa. The air allows a large span of 8 metres. Easy-to- lucent layer in the upper part of the north
flow in the ducts, with a very low maximum use steel parts that connect the timber ele- facade provides the room with a generous
velocity of just 1m/s, is achieved by thermal ments facilitate prefabrication and assem- amount of diffused daylight. In the library
buoyancy, created by exhaust vents in the bly on site. The construction of the pitched thermal comfort is ensured by a 40 metre
roof. The shape and orientation of the vents
accelerate the airflow by introducing a
chimney effect. Solar air collectors 10 m2 in
area and positioned close to the openings
help to warm the exhaust air. Steel sheets
on the collectors are painted black to maxi-
mize the warming effect. The reflective sur-
face of the metal on the remainder of the
roof reduces heat gain in the interior. A
translucent panel in the north side provides
additional daylight for the classroom. Fol-
lowing completion of construction the
temperature, humidity, and daylight in the
building were measured to check the effi-
ciency of the design. The measurements re-
veal that in combination with the solar chim-
ney the ground duct has a cooling effect of
up to 5 °C. Thanks to passive solar gains,
the air-preconditioning, and thermal mass
thermal comfort is optimised both in sum-
mer and winter. The quality of the daylight in
the interior meets international standards.
Only the sealing of the facade and the pine
needle insulation revealed a number of
flaws, as the compacting of this layer led to
gaps in the upper area. However, by simply
adding more material this weak point could
be eliminated.
Shams Library
The experience gained from the Nasma
prototype was applied to the design of the
next project, the Shams Library in Majdel
Anjar (Bekaa Valley). Part of an existing N
64 High Comfort – Low Impact: Climate-responsive Design Strategies 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
O Schematic illustration
of the natural cross-
ventilation
P Fitting the plenum
Q South facade
R Diagram of facade
ventilation:
summer, winter
natural cross-
ventilation
S Vertical section,
scale 1:50
T Auditorium
U Meeting room
O P
long geothermal duct running in the ground additionally, the period during which the ment in the project the users develop a
beneath the school complex. The planners building is used is to be extended. They positive attitude to learning, which is the
had to dispense with hollow concrete ele- ensure the supply of fresh air and by in- ultimate goal of this educational project.
ments in the ground, as concrete founda- creasing the air flow speed an additional
tions were to be made on the central plaza. cooling effect can be provided in summer. Marvin Hall
But the nature of ground allowed 1 m of The perceptible cooling effect is up to 3 °C. In comparison to the low-budget projects in
earth to be excavated manually so that lo- Natural air exhaust is through defined fa- the Lebanon the goal in designing the ex-
cally available barrels could be inserted as cade leakage. In the future the power for tension in Kansas was a building with a long
ventilation tubes and outlets made in the the fans is to be provided by PV panels on useful life and high quality interior design.
foundations. Modelling showed a level of the roof. These inexpensive strategies tan- The Forum is an addition to Marvin Hall – the
efficiency comparable with that of the solu- gibly improved the learning environment. historical School of Architecture building at
tion using hollow concrete blocks. Fans are Precise measurements check the efficiency the University of Kansas. It meets the
used to increase the rate of air movement, of the concept and provide further research school’s need for a central common space
as due to the higher occupancy levels insights. The use of local materials ensures and an auditorium. It was designed and
there is a considerably greater need for a low carbon footprint and reduces the en- constructed by 18 post-graduate students
ventilation than in the Nasma School and, vironmental impact. Through their involve- and participants in Studio 804, the Depart-
Q
∂ 2017 ¥ 4 Technology 65
ment of Architecture’s Design/Build pro- pane. Fresh air is drawn from the area in 1 photovoltaics
gram, with support from various experts shade underneath the raised building. An 2 TPO roof membrane; max. 220 mm tapered
PIR insulation; 19 mm OSB board
from the field of industry. Transsolar advised efficient displacement ventilation system 300 mm laminated veneer lumber Å-beams
on the design and architectural integration brings cool air into the interior, where it is betw. them PIR insulation; 15 mm gypsum board
of the double-wall facade and the natural distributed through the raised floor and the 38/140 mm timber framing; 25 mm acoustic panel,
50/152 mm spruce battens
ventilation strategy. The double skin creates stepped seating. In winter time, the vents in 3 25 mm low-e insulated glazing
a buffer zone that operates to the rhythm of the facade are closed, cloaking the building 4 152/305 mm automated ventilation flap
seasonality. It is made of two separate in a warm blanket provided by heat gained 5 38/292 mm automated cedar louvers
6 76/177 mm aluminium tube frame
panes of insulated glass, one metre apart from the sun. 7 152/457 mm stainless steel clad drive box
from each other. The space between them In summer the vents at the top and bottom 8 4.7 mm steel plate, coated
provides room for the cedar louvers that are opened, creating thermal buoyancy and 19 mm plywood, uprights to seating steps
8 mm cement fibre board, fire rated
shade the auditorium. These louvers are drawing the cooler air from underneath the 19 mm OSB board; 355 mm laminated veneer lum-
controlled by a rooftop weather station, and raised building into the space between the ber Å-beams between them cellulose fibre
are programmed to adapt to the changing panes. It is warmed there and escapes at insulation; 32 mm cavity, 19 mm OSB board
15 mm gypsum board coated
position of the sun. Motorized flaps are lo- the top. During the hot months additional 9 457/610 mm reinforced concrete
cated at the top and bottom of the outer mechanical cooling is needed. On mild days 10 406 mm reinforced concrete column
1 2
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3 5
T
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6
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S 10 U
66 High Comfort – Low Impact: Climate-responsive Design Strategies 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
natural displacement ventilation is activated. improve the quality of the indoor air by natu-
Here again fresh air flows in at the bottom of ral filtration. The integrated passive design
the facade, however the upper vents remain measures reduces space heating and cool-
closed and the air is distributed in the space ing demands, resulting in estimated energy
through the raised floor. It escapes through savings of over 50 %. In addition, a rooftop
the facade opposite, which is opened at the array of 45 photovoltaic panels makes the
top. Thermal simulations confirmed the ef- Forum independent of outside energy
fectiveness of the facade concept. The roof providers. The master students agreed that
and floor frame are insulated with 30 cm achieving the seemingly impossible task of
PIR-panels, which achieve an insulation val- not only designing, but also building Marvin
ue about three times the minimum required Hall in the space of one year was a most re-
by the energy code. The living wall of ferns warding experience. The students of the
and begonias improves the acoustics in the School of Architecture now have an inspiring
lecture space by absorbing and dissipating educational environment: a “structure built
sound. It is watered from a 1100-gallon rain- by us and for us”, as the Dean of the Univer-
water cistern. The lush vegetation helps to sity puts it. W
X
Products
68 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
Facades
South Shields is benefiting from a £16 mil- U-values of 0.20 W/m2K or better whilst the combine brick, concrete and glass. K15
lion cultural centre featuring an iconic circu- OSB/3 facing and ‘unique’ jointing system Rainscreen Board was used to insulate the
lar facade created with Kingspan’s TEK help to minimise unnecessary air loss. TEK rainscreen elements of the facade whilst
Cladding Panels. The National Centre for Cladding Panels and TEK Building System K12 Framing Board was installed between
the Written Word, known simply as The Panels now come in a 172-mm thickness, timber battens on masonry sections of the
Word (above and right), is a three-storey designed to achieve even lower U-values of external walls. With thermal conductivities
structure which includes library and exhibi- 0.17 W/m2K or better. as low as 0.020 W/m.K, the Kooltherm prod-
tion space, IT suite, 3D printing facilities, ucts helped to achieve excellent levels of
creative play area and a cafe. The company’s products have also been thermal performance, states the manufactur-
used for the Fitzroy Place development on er, and also contributed to the award of
Steve McIntyre of architects FaulknerBrowns the 3-acre site of the old Middlesex Hospital credits within the BREEAM assessments for
explained their vision for the project: “The in the Fitzrovia area of London. The original the office sections of the development.
form and design approach of this building site was completely flattened aside from the
seeks to establish a new benchmark in chapel and sections of the Victorian facade. www.kingspaninsulation.co.uk
terms of quality of design, use of materials The design, by Sheppard Robson and Lif-
and integration of public realm within the schutz Davidson Sandilands, includes 235
wider urban fabric of South Shields. This private apartments, 54 affordable homes,
circular form encourages pedestrian move- two office buildings, a restaurant and retail
ment between town centre and riverside spaces. The domestic elements of the site
as well as having a striking and contempo- achieve an enhanced level of energy effi-
rary presence. The circular construction ciency when compared with the Building
achieved with the cladding panels helped Regulations, and the office blocks hold a
us to accomplish the concept of the spread- BREEAM rating of ‘Excellent’.
ing pages of a book.”
To meet these requirements, a fabric-first
To provide a smooth, highly insulated exteri- approach was adopted and Kingspan
or envelope, the structural insulated panels Kooltherm products were specified across
were designed and factory-cut into narrow the site. Drawing inspiration from the original
widths, which allowed them to be quickly redbrick hospital buildings and the ‘white
and easily fixed to the concrete frame. The working buildings’ of the area north of Ox-
142 mm-thick panels can help to achieve ford Street, the facades, as seen below,
∂ 2017 ¥ 4 Facades 69
Mid-century homes get a facelift Designs aimed at making an impression on young minds
For a recent social housing programme, Natural and cultural themes have formed the ours. The council specified a mix of these
Stevenage Borough Council in Hertfordshire inspiration for Midmill Primary School in rural which has created a lively, contemporary
specified Saint-Gobain Weber External Wall Aberdeenshire, which features a facade of aesthetic. Rockclad boards used for areas
Insulation (EWI). The 1940s and 1950s brick Rockpanel® Woods combined with colourful of the facade are in vibrant orange, yellow
and Wimpey No Fines system-build homes Rockpanel Rockclad boards routed to de- and green. To help engage and inspire the
have achieved U-values of 0.30 W/m2K, pict local fauna and Pictish culture. These students, the project team were keen to in-
down from the original 1.98 W/m2K rating, are all produced from compressed natural corporate art within the design and appoint-
using webertherm XM EWI and meshcloth- basalt, a sustainable and readily available ed surface designers Bespoke Atelier to
reinforced polymer render system. Render volcanic rock, and bonded with an organic create the external artworks.
colours chosen from the weberplast TF binder, to combine the advantages of stone
acrylic based, pre-mixed decorative finishes and the workability of wood. Said designer Marion Parola, “The boards
were Antique Ivory, Winter White, Palest were easy to engrave, and are a great mate-
Pink and the new Marshmallow. Built by Morrison Construction, the school rial to work with; a blank canvas ready to be
can accommodate around 540 students. It drawn on, with a great colour palette.” The
The company’s products were also used to was designed with a U-shaped footprint set engravings do not affect the weather resist-
upgrade post-war and 1960s properties with around a central courtyard and includes ance and, over time, the routed areas will
similar thermal deficiencies in North Wales, high-quality teaching and sports facilities. mature to a deep brown, providing a con-
owned by housing association CCG. Here, Said architect Craig Matheson, from Aber- trast with the intense facade colours.
webertherm XP EWI lightweight mineral ren- deenshire Council’s design team, “The
der for one-coat application was chosen. building is constructed out of timber so we As well as for exterior cladding, the boards
Homes in Bangor have seen U-values down were keen to express this externally, and are suitable for use in applications along the
from 1.42 W/m2K to 0.28 W/m2K whilst the Rockpanel Woods provided the opportunity roofline and for building detailing. Midmill
1960s Trusteel frame houses in Y Bala saw to have a visually prominent material with Primary School has been designed to
an even bigger improvement, down from strong horizontal emphasis. The subtle col- achieve a BREEAM ‘Very Good’ rating, and
1.60 W/m2K to 0.29 W/m2K. A dash finish in our variation of the product allowed us to with the Durable and Durable ProtectPlus
Ashton Cream was chosen to match other use this to give the impression of movement boards holding a BRE Green Guide rating of
homes in the region. as it wraps around the building.” A+ these products were able to contribute
to the award of credits within the BREEAM
www.saint-gobain.co.uk Claimed to be virtually indistinguishable assessment.
from real woods, the boards are available in
a variety of light, rich and muted wood col- www.rockpanel.co.uk
Edition
Roland Krippner (Ed.)
NEW
u lding Integrat
ol r Technolo
Building Integrated
Solar Technology
NEW June 2017
Roland Krippner (Ed.).
144 pages with numerous
drawings and photos.
Format 21 × 29,7 cm.
Bilingual English/German.
ISBN 978-3-95553-362-5
Hardcover:
€ 59.90 / £ 48.– / US$ 84.–
+ postage/packing
∂ Green Books
+ VAT, if applicable
∂ Green Books
46
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einer Kunststoffverbundfolie (z B Tedlar) auf der Rück
seite verkapselt, indem sie beidseitig in den durchsichti
gen Kunststoff Ethylenvinylacetat (EVA) eingebettet wer
and systems
1 kW 500 kW
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Frontglas dient ein spezielles, gehärtetes Solarglas, das 45
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47 48
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detail.de/solar-technology
72 Facades 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
NEW
Die Londoner haben sich fast schon ge zw ngt die Mauer den Besucher zu einer um Sensation: Herzog & de Meuron entkernen
wöhnt an ihren neuesten Museumsbau laut kreisenden Bewegung hält ihn zunächst auf die 200 Meter lange fünf Geschosse hohe
dem neuen Bürgermeister Sadiq Kahn der Distanz und macht ihm so d e optischen Ver Turbinenhalle zu einem leeren Raum der
»bedeutendste Kulturbau Großbritanniens schneidungen der scharfkantigen Hü le des selbst zum Exponat w rd und als Foyer Vor
der letzten zwei Jahrzehnte« Denn obwohl er
Turms bewusst auf der das Licht sekunden tragssaal und Ausstellungsf äche genutzt
m t seinen schmalen Sehschlitzen und der schnell wie auf einer kinetischen Leinwand werden kann Nicht zuletzt der Bau von Nor
vorgehängten perforierten Ziegelfassade
etwas düster wirkt und entfernt an das Ket
tenhemd einer R tterrüstung erinnert haben
d e Arch tekten die wicht gste Zielvorgabe
spielt und sich bricht Im Inneren wird es zum
Abenteuer we ter hinaufzusteigen kein
Grundriss gle cht dem anderen und auch die
Geschosshöhen var ieren Durch das großzü
man Fosters Millennium Br dge die die
Blick achse von St Paul s Cathedral zur Tate
für Fußgänger begehbar macht sorgt für
we tere Besucherströme nicht nur entlang
Herzog & de Meuron in DETAIL
der Tate bravourös gemeistert: Eine einzigar
gige Foyer das mit se nem schluchtartigen der Southbank Promenade sondern direkt
tige künstler sch inspirierte Architekturspra
Luftraum dem Besucher noch einmal Atem aus der C ty
che zu erf nden und gleichzeitig ein Ensemb
verschafft geht es über gewundene Treppen
le mit dem Altbau zu bilden ohne ihn zu doempor und immer enger am geräumigen Clu Sw tch House versus Boiler House
m nieren Und das trotz einer Gebäudehöhe braum und der Bar für die Members vorbei Nur wen ge Jahre später liegt die Besucher
von 64 Metern die den bestehenden schlan
ken Kamin überragt
became its own exhibit and could be used as Oil tanks as foundation facade texturing and the different ncl nations
A Brick Coat of Mail for the Tate Modern Switch House Text
Frank Kaltenbach
a foyer and as a space for talks and exhibi The conceptual starting point and foundation and orientations of the ind vidual facade sur
Londoners have already become accustomed members the staff canteen and special spaces almost 5 000 m2 in extent occupy tions The creation of the Mil ennium Bridge of the new structure are the more than faces enhance the constant y changing play
to their latest museum building wh ch accor events nearly a quarter of the overa l area forming by Norman Foster forming a visual axis with three metre thick re nforced concrete wa ls of light But even on dark and rainy days the
d ng to mayor Sadiq Khan is the most signi Like the outer walls of a cast e a circular the dominant mpression in comparison w th St Paul s Cathedral opened a route for many of the underground oil tanks with their surface creates a v vid mpression A pixel of
ficant cultural bui ding in Britain of the last tamped concrete retaining wa l screens the the often lower and more intimate exhibition more visitors not just along Southbank Pro clover eaf ayout Today they form a nether the brick facade consists of two light and
two decades With its narrow horizontal vie entrance area from the pedestrian zone allo cabinets and neutral wh te box galler es menade but also d rectly from the City world for videos and performance art Newly dark bricks mortared above each other The
wing slits and perforated brick sk n remini wing the creation of a level entrance fore instal ed concrete pil ars can be clearly dist n d fferent colour combinations are distr buted
scent of a coat of mail this add tion to the court with stepped terraces for a cafe The Sw tchboard of the Tate Modern project Switch House vs Boiler House gu shed by their tilt The originally planned n such a way that they create a homogenous
Tate Modern speaks an artistically inspired wa l a so keeps visitors initially at a distance As an extension of one of the most success Just a few years later vis tor numbers have opening date of the £260 mi lion new buil b anket of 336 000 bricks On the edges the
architectural language Desp te its 64 metre from the tower so that they can perceive the ful cultural inst tut ons in the wor d the reached five mill on per year instead of the ding had to be moved by four years due to a bricks are joined l ke hinges and appear ran
height which is higher than the existing th n ntersections of the various planes of the an Sw tch House plays a surprisingly restrained anticipated two mill on The d rectors have lack of sponsorship during the financ al crisis domly cracked The perforat ons also have
chimney it forms an ensemble w th the exis gular outer skin and the interplay of light and role continuing the design anguage and se taken the new building not just as an oppor Thus during the Olympic Games in 2012 statistical benefits: consoles and anchors are
ting structure without dominating it shade on these Ascending ins de is almost ries of spaces with contemporary means and tunity to extend the exhibition spaces but on y the tanks with art installat ons were open open to the w nd result ng in less push and
ike going on an adventure no floor plan is forming simply one further component of the also to sharpen the Tate s profile by sh ft ng to visitors But even after construction of the pull forces and less we ght and their dimen
Lots of movement little art? alike and the storey heights vary From the long term Tate Modern project In 2000 Her attention to areas of art hitherto underrepre Switch House traces of the tanks are still vi sions can therefore be reduced
Not only works of art are housed n the new generous foyer with ts chasm like space zog & de Meuron s convers on of the 1950s sented n the international art scene: the re sible From the roof of the Sw tch House one
bu lding however Of the 21 000 m2 f oor providing air for a breather the route leads Banks de power station into a gal ery for mo levance of fema e artists performance art can still see the clover leaf layout of the Catalyst for the South Bank
area only 3 500 m2 are exh bition areas in up a wind ng sculptural staircase past the dern art caused a sensat on Herzog & de photography and video Herzog & de Meu outer walls which is traced by the l ne of the The Switch House helps reposition not just
the basement and on the first to third floors club room and members bar to a public res Meuron turned the 200 metre long five sto ron s successful competition entry in 2005 forecourt retaining wa l the Tate Modern but the who e area The
The sixth to eighth storeys are reserved for taurant and roof terrace The circulation rey Turbine Hall nto an empty space that proposed a wide range of spatial qual t es to huge volume of the former power station no
complement the existing faci ities Where the Transparent brick building? onger has its old rear face At pedestrian
1 Ausstellungsflächen im Exhibition areas in the former transformer station stood the new From across the Thames the s lhouette of evel it has been opened to the Thames and
Bo ler House former bo ler house 8 structure rises with a geometry that seems to the Sw tch House seems almost to merge to the neighbourhood with entrances and th
2 Tu binenhalle m t Verbin Turbine hall with l nking 7 turn itself by 45° from the ground floor to the with the neighbouring sim larly high and fully roughways from three sides Despite its rela
dungssteg im dritten br dge at th rd floor level
Obe geschoss roof terrace so that the latter is paral el to glazed housing scheme by Rogers Stirk Har tively low he ght the 9th floor roof terrace of
the f rst museum and enters a visual relati bour One can see why Herzog & de Meuron the Switch House offers a spectacular 360°
3 Foyer mit E ngang aus der Foyer with entrance from
Tu binenhalle tu bine hall
onship with t The dynamic vertical ty of the in tially proposed a glass sk n for the r new view and many w ll choose this free v ew over
structure s dialectically juxtaposed with the bu lding On y in the revision phase was the the horrendous entry prices for the viewing
4 erformance und Video Performance art and
nstallat on in den ehe video areas n former oil 1 restrained enfi ades of the exist ng Bo ler glazed tower enclosed in a br ck coat of mail p atform on the 72nd floor of the Shard
6
maligen Ö tanks tank structure House where the steam used to be pro which engenders a greater sense of unity
5 Foyer Shop und Café Foyer shop and cafe duced while the large Turbine Hall forms a between the Switch House and Giles Gi bert
2
linking element At basement level and via a Scott s exist ng structure as well as providing
6 Ausstellungsflächen im Exhibition areas in Switch 5 3
Switch House House
new bridge at th rd floor evel vis tors have sunshading and retaining the monolith c
4 3 access through this belly of the New Tate overall character At dusk light shines th
7 Restaurant Restaurant
from the Switch House to the former Bo ler rough the brise sole l brick sk n transforming
8 Dachterrasse Roof terrace House the building into a lantern By day the strong
038 DETAIL 9/2016 Tate Modern, London 039
detail.de/herzog-de-meuron
76 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
Interior Design
Simon Orrell Designs is a bespoke furniture reminiscent of rock crystal. A material said to
designer located near London’s Chelsea be making a big impact in high-end interior
Design Quarter and offering distinctive piec- design is shell, and the drum table shown
es for high-end interiors. Handmade finishes left taps into this trend. Black lip shell gives a
include shagreen, straw marquetry, parch- distinctive and dramatic look to the table,
ment, gesso, paua, penshell, violet oyster, which is described as an adaptable piece
mica, mother of pearl, cracked eggshell and that can be used in a bedroom, dressing
other opulent materials. Many of the pieces room or living room. It stands 50 cm high
can be customised and a wide selection of and the diameter is 30 cm at the top and
home accessories is also available. base and 40 cm at the centre. Custom sizes
and finishes are available.
As well as creating bespoke furniture with
these rare and unusual finishes, the work- Finally, the Cellini bedside table seen below
shop also creates architectural elements for features a finish that offers a contemporary
interiors such as wall panels, fitted ward- spin on the skilled technique of straw mar-
New looks added to the range robe fronts and surfaces for columns or oth- quetry. Used in the 18th century, this is a
er design features. In the luxurious dressing technique in which split and pressed strips
The launch of 153 new patterns enhances room seen top, designed by Studio Indigo, of straw are dyed and applied to the surface
3M’s extensive range of over 800 DI-NOC bleached parchment panels by Simon Orrell of objects to create patterns. Evoking the
Architectural Finishes. Designed as crea- Designs are combined with a high-quality glamour of the Art Deco era, Cellini is seen
tive, cost-effective solutions for a variety of bespoke installation by Halstock. A selenite here in vibrant turquoise, with a blackened
decorative, refurbishment and resurfacing drinks cabinet was also a recent commis- steel base, and measures 65 cm high
requirements, the finishes can be applied sion for Studio Indigo; this composite made ≈ 55 cm wide ≈ 45 cm deep.
directly to existing substrates, on projects of gypsum was transformed into a sumptu-
such as retail, hotel and leisure, shopping ous surface with a luxurious milky finish www.simonorrelldesigns.com
malls, offices, marine and rail. The designs
supplement all existing product families in
the range, offering the look of wood, metal,
textile, stucco, ceramic, stone and leather,
as well as plain colours. Examples include
Effect patterns, where the colours change
depending on the viewing angle and light
level. Overlaying wood grains and combin-
ing them in blocks is a popular theme and in
Fine Wood the random nature of the wood
blocks creates interesting walls with a sense
of rhythm. Metallic coatings applied to wood
grain are also on trend: the gloss finish of
Metallic Wood patterns is said to offer a
unique feel to a space and combines well
with other materials. The Haku pattern with
gold, platinum and copper colour squares
fits comfortably into European and Japa-
nese design styles to add reflectivity and
create a sense of space.
www.3M.co.uk/innovativefinishes
∂ 2017 ¥ 4 Interior Design 77
Wallcoverings collections add depth and texture to surfaces with new graphics
The WallPepper Trend-Line catalogue for of use. Shown, below, left is Lena from the fields, from illustration to digital art, photog-
2017 offers many new designs with influenc- Monochrome series of marbles, minerals raphy and painting, to give art an unlimited
es including monuments, decorations and and concrete effects, whilst in the centre is surface without borders, says the company.
frescos from the past, references to different Giardino Segreto from the Silk Way collec- Photographer Saverio Lombardi Vallauri has
materials and to many countries, alongside tion, depicting delicate flowers, symbols taken as his subject Frank Gehry’s facades
elegant trompe l’oeil and tropical designs. and colours which echo the decorative tra- on the Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health in
The tailor-made and eco-friendly wallcover- ditions of China, Japan and other Eastern Las Vegas, Nevada for this print entitled Las
ings are PVC-free, fireproof (certified Bs1, sources. In complete contrast is the image Vegas #03.
d0), and wipeable with a damp cloth, and on the right, from the Fine-Art catalogue, de-
are affixed by glueing the wall first for ease signed by artists from different creative www.wallpepper.it
ADVERTORIAL
Ceramic expertise for the bathroom
Using new materials, glazes and processes, The surface of CeramicPlus is refined using
Villeroy & Boch creates products that im- a special process. The water concentrates
press with their design, quality and attention into drops and at the same time absorbs
to detail. The company is a leading innova- residues such as lime and dirt. TitanCeram enables precise bathroom ceramics
with filigree shapes and sharply-defined edges to
tor in the bathroom and wellness area and be manufactured. The first example is the Octa-
has received numerous design awards. Its http://bit.ly/2qyPLUD gon premium washbasin.
latest development is TitanCeram. The ma-
terial makes it possible to produce precise
bathroom ceramics with filigree shapes and
sharply-defined edges. The first example is
the Octagon premium washbasin, which is
exclusively cast by hand and realized in
ceramic form. The double seal protects the
surface from external damage. Artis, Finion,
Antheus and Memento series washbasins
are also made from TitanCeram.
Designer wallpaper portfolio enhances bathroom company’s offering Room at the top for dining in style
Bathroom brand Devon&Devon recently glossy hues. Francesca Greco is a painter Dining chairs by Alma Design feature in this
launched its debut wallpaper collection. The and illustrator, and began working with Ital- exclusive top-floor apartment in Milan, which
32 themes vary in style and every pattern is ian and international publishers after study- has views over the cathedral and other his-
offered in multiple colour choices, giving ing art and literature. Her artistic catalogue toric buildings in the heart of the city. Inter-
126 different options. Produced in co-opera- ranges from painting and sculpture to the nally it boasts a very contemporary interior
tion with designers Francesca Greco, Nina design of fabrics and ceramics. Below is her design style, which is characterised by pure
Farré and Vito Nesta, this portfolio is entirely design Corolla in colourway 5. lines and chromatic details.
made in Italy, from conception to design
and production. The wallpapers are described as adapting The project, by Mario Mazzer Architects, in-
seamlessly to a wide variety of different con- volved two adjacent apartments from which
“We felt the need to complete our offer with texts, suggesting interior ambiences from has been created a single dwelling. Inside,
a collection of wallpapers that enabled us the classical to the eccentric. Themes range luxury features abound – the white walls and
to enhance the decorative possibilities for from geometrical motifs and three-dimen- ceilings throughout are contrasted with
private homes, residential projects and ho- sional and optical effects to designs in- leather panels, metallic inserts and wood
tels,” explained Devon&Devon CEO Gianni spired by Art Deco, together with Oriental boiseries – and these rich materials provide
Tanini. “Therefore, we decided to work to- and Arabesque patterns, including brightly an elegant and sophisticated effect.
gether with emerging design talent, sharing coloured and surreal floral and animal mo-
through this collaboration a completely new tifs; imagery includes goldfish, dreamlike Lips design armchairs by Alma were chosen
creative process for the brand, which has landscapes and retro fabrics. for the dining room. They have a bentwood
resulted in a significant and extensively shell with upholstered seat, back and arm-
broad collection.” The product aims to be as eco-friendly and rests. The ash frame is stained Iron Grey
eco-compatible as possible. The wallcover- and is complemented with velvet fabric in
Vito Nesta is a designer, art director, interior ings are washable, flame-retardant, do not Anthracite colour. The Italian-made chairs
decorator and craftsman. Travel is a con- shrink, lose their shape or tear during glue- are a harmonious addition that resonates
stant in his work, and he is inspired by ing, says the company. The water-based with the international style of the newly cre-
graphic design, architecture, photography inks are non-flammable, non-combustible, ated apartment, says the company.
and painting. Shown above, left and right re- odourless and nickel-free.
spectively, are Majestic in Gold colourway www.alma-design.it/en
and Casablanca in Coffee. Nesta’s Botanica www.devon-devon.com
in Grey is seen below with the new Holly-
wood bathtub, which comes in 500 matt or
Edition
150
ma
gy nc ud ng househo d e ec ric ty in one year Sur consumpt on was approx ma ely 10 % h gher than heat recovery of he heat exchanger wh ch is lower
er
en plus generated electr ci y s ed nto the public grid ni ia ly expec ed han planned for appears dec s ve for he increased
ro
Pr mary energy c ed t [kWh
120 ze (Fig B 05 08 p 76) The displays that show nd v dual energy consump consumpt on of the heating coil However raising
Net t on figures had less influence on energy use than he air low vo ume of the exhaust a r heat pump 1
76 LESSONS LEARNED The build ng was complete y ni ia ly assumed The balance is ef ec ive only with would not of er any overa l energy advantage on 77
90
60
occupied between March 2009 and July 2010 so
hat the figures from the irst year of opera ion be ore
hat do not represent the performance of he ul y
occupied building and in a number of cases had to
be extrapo ated Over a period of two years a pro
res den s who are h gh y aware of he theme of
susta nabil ty or are interested n lower service costs
Desp te carefully selected tenants a bonus /ma us
of between 70 and 150 €/a does not seem to offer
suf ic ent incentive for people to adapt their living
account of the increased vent la ion heat osses A
vo ume f ow regulator now allows operation at two
evels Level 1 with 50 % of the maximum air f ow
vo ume is the standard setting evel 2 a lows 100 %
or operat on at maximum heat pump loads For
B 05 08 Energy evalua ion
B 05 09 View of inte ior w th small wood bu ning stoves and
k tchen
B 05 10 Diagram of mon hly balance p imary energy
B 05 11 Detail cross sec ion roo /floor slab/exterior wall
Representation of a comprehensive
scale 1 20
balancing methodology
gram recorded the metered consumption the in eri hab ts condit on ng he ooms by he intake a r of the venti 1 Oak boards on heating screed 90 mm
30
or temperatures and the performance of the so ar On exam ning the performance of he plant and at on system 500 m /h at a total interior volume Impact sound absorption 20 mm
electricity plant the facade col ectors and the the nterac ion of the individual components t was of rough y 7000 m is suff cient The annual perf Thermal insulation 10 mm
Reinforced concrete 220 mm
0 storage system revealed that he heating output of he exhaust air ormance coeff cient of the exhaust air heat pump 2 P isma ic safety glass 6 mm
0 30 60 90 120 150 The first resu ts indicate hat small departures from heat pump s of cr tical importance for supplemen of 3 5 mee s expectations The fact hat the poorly as cover
Primary energy supply kWh /m a] planning data can endanger the concept of he zero tal hot water provis on on co d and overcast winter nsulated heat pump cools down the ut l ty room and Facade co lecto s
or energy p us bu lding n opera ion The behav our days If there is no solar heat ava lable n the her he venti at on duc s f tted there which are not nsu Absorber/air cavity 42 mm 2
The following aspects result in the Net ZEB 11 Standard of the tenants di fered from that of simulated “ideal mal storage tanks only the wood burning storage ated s regarded as problematic Insula ion 60 mm mine al wool
z Measured annual total primary ene gy consump ion includ Wood frame 100 ≈ 45 mm
ing household elect icity (45 kWh/m a)
enants” The assumed room temperature of 20° C n stoves (F g B 05 09) and the heat pump se ve as Desp te hese diff cu ties the annual energy balance Rear wall 8 mm OSB
z Bu lding specific p imary ene gy consump ion w nter was too op im s ic the rea ity were tempera back up As hey are subject to he nf uence of of the f rst year of measurements 2009/2010 was Gypsum f b e panel 15 mm
Annual mean temperature at site 9 5 °C Photovoltaic capacity 32 kW Gross loor area GFA 1403 m
9 Context ural Capac ty per m 23 00 W /m Gross volume V 3941 m
[kWh/m
detail.de/green-books
80 Interior Design 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
New colours and ranges join extensive collection of rugs and runners Sofa will suit gentlemen and ladies
Tapis d’Avignon rugs are made by Roger shades to give bold stripes that are non- The Elliot by Ditre Italia is described as a
Oates Design from a traditional French cloth symmetrical but balanced in hue and tone. gentleman’s sofa for the retro living room.
that combines rich colour with subtle soft- Both come in the soft pastel shades of Blos- Designed by Stefano Spessotto and Lorella
ness underfoot. Individual geometric pieces som, the exuberant colours of Lantern, the Agnoletto, it has a high back for comfort,
of the heavily felted Mouflon wool are used elegance of Jade and the harmonious grey whilst the slender armrests give an elegant
in chequerboard and striped designs. Con- hues of Storm. Kobe is additionally available effect. The sofa is available in fabric, leather
trasting or toning decorative stitching is in Mimosa, a warm lemon mixed with soft or a combination of the two, creating a con-
used to join the pieces. greys, and Strata, which interweaves the trast between the upholstery of the exterior
rich tones of a volcanic landscape. and the cushions.
Colours added to the collection for 2017 are
Blush, Buckskin, Rust, Coral, Gris, Taupe, Each design stands alone or they can be It comes in 2- and 3-seater options, with a
Sage and Pewter. This brings the total to 29, laid together for added impact, as shown choice of foot types including the Epoque
giving an extensive choice of combinations, below in Lantern colourway. When using foot, a vintage design inspired by the shape
which means the rugs can be bold and them together the customary arrangement of a walking stick, and the wood foot with a
modern or calm and understated. They can would be to upholster the stairs in the more brass tip. Also available are corner units,
be sized to suit any space. dramatic design, as has been done here, chaises longues and a footstool that can be
but this can be reversed to give a finely used as a seat or as a multi-purpose top if
Also new this year, in the Eastern Collection, striped runner on the stairs leading on to a fitted with a lacquered sheet metal tray.
are Kobe and Kyoto 100 % wool flatweave boldly decked landing. Seen top is an area
stair runners. The fine, delicate lines of col- rug in Kyoto Blossom. www.ditreitalia.com
our in Kobe create a subtle, flecked ‘tweed’
design, whilst Kyoto magnifies the dominant www.rogeroates.com
Edition
Green building
certification systems
Thilo Ebert, Natalie Eßig,
Gerd Hauser, 2011.
144 pages with numerous
drawings and photos.
Format 21 × 29.7 cm.
ISBN 978-3-920034-54-6
Hardcover: € 59.90 / £ 48.– / US$ 84.–
+ postage/packing
+ VAT, if applicable
∂ Green Books
the complete absence or low levels of these areas w th fresh a r and cond tions 90 1 2007 Append x G The assessment compact building envelope w th good
C ed ts ach eved n
the p ann ng phase
the bu d ng phase
Number of cred ts
Max mum cred s
harmful substances in the Katha inum them by means of a VRV system that is is based on an hou ly year round s mula nsulat on qualit es
F na comp ance
Not ach evab e
project from the very start laid out acco ding to he individual tion of the ent re bu ld ng in which all external shading devices contro led via
spaces and can be operated in both energy elated systems and demands a metrolog cal station
a med for
cred ts
Energy and indoor c imate concept heating and cooling modes includ ng o fice appliances are taken nto ntelligent operat on of l ghting by
eve
LEED Category
The Kathar num is suppl ed wi h heat from The energy requi ements for the project account The ASHRAE Standard means of movement sensors LEED-NC 3 0)
the city of Le pzig s distr ct heating net were calculated during he plann ng assesses the energy e ficiency of he controlled vent lation in the living areas Sustainable si es 26 3 2 21 23 88 5 %
work The primary energy factor of distr ct phase accord ng to the German energy building on he bas s of energy costs eff c ent plant technology Wa er e ficiency 10 4 0 6 6 60 0 %
heat ng (end energy consumed d v ded saving ordnances EnEV 2007 as well as ra her than energy demands This means shutdown of active cooling n off ce
Energy and atmosphere 35 16 5 14 19 54 3 %
by the prima y energy used in prov d ng it) EnEV 2009 The Katharinum achieves a that he d fferent values of the var ous space when the w ndows a e opened
Materials and resources 14 10 4 0 4 28 6 %
is 0 42 Underfloor heating w th low supply f gure 45% below the legal maximum pri k nds of energy are inhe en ly cons d
flow tempe atures heats the inter or mary energy requirements as defined in ered In direct compa ison to the mini The ndoor climate concept appl ed Indoor environmental qua i y 15 5 4 6 10 66 7 %
space A contro led vent lation system w th EnEV 2007 and 22 % below the max mum mum requ rements of a reference bu ld ensures hat the requirements of thermal Innova ion in design 6 2 3 1 4 66 7 %
Certificat on the systems in deta l LEED heat recovery m nim ses the vent lation f gures in EnEV 2009 According to ing according to ASHRAE Standard comfort as ca led for n the standard Final sco e 106 40 18 48 66 62 3 %
heat ng demand of the apartments and in DIN V 18 599 the primary energy 90 1 2007 the planned building achieves ASHRAE 55 (room temperature room air Cer ification rating (with the credi s achieved in the cons ruction phase) Gold
winter offers a h gh level of hyg enic com demand of the building s approx 114 a sav ng of 38 % n energy costs In speed rad ation asymmetry vertical tem
including credits to be achieved in the construc ion phase
fort The res dents can however st ll open kWh/m a te ms of LEED NC 3 0 h s rep esents perature asymmetry) are met The LEED 6 13
since rece v ng cert ficat on A terat ons to Apart from the minimum number of points meet m nimum requi ements of indoor equirements of the cred t are e ther met Index Category Credit Points
the w ndows The o fice spaces can be In add tion to high qual ty in terms of 14 out of 19 possible po n s for the c ed t requ rements rega ding ndividual control 40 50 60 80 106
the bu ld ng services pr or to re certif ca required for he level of LEED cert ficat on air qual ty based on he standard or not The only exception s made for the SS Sustainable Sites 26 naturally ventilated by operable w ndows energy the client attached particular “Energy Eff ciency” The final energy of thermal comfo t for at least 50 % of
t on are ncorporated in the assessment aimed at he e are so called prerequi ASHRAE 62 1 2007 [20] credi s WE 3 Water Use Reduction SS P1 Construction Ac ivity Po lution Preven ion R When the outdoor temperatures n sum mportance to an energy eff c ent opera demand calculated according to building users are met due to operable Not classi ied Cer ified Silver Gold Platinum
SS 1 Site Selec ion 1 mer are high the heating load n he t on and carried out the commiss oning ASHRAE Standa d 90 1 s 46 % below the windows as well as thermal control pan
of the bu ld ng’s energy efficiency All sites which must be met In he case of Indoor Envi onmental Quality ( EQ P2) EA 1 Opt m se Energy Pe formance and SS 2 Development Density and Communi y Connectivi y 5
cert fication processes are based on the he rating system LEED NC the following prohib t smoking n he entire build ng EA 2 On site Renewable Energy The office spaces s removed by means of a (enhanced start up and optimisation of figure for the reference build ng defined e s in each room
were not part of the or ginal cert fication reduce dust generation waterway sedi Dependent on existing environment pro he case of LEED there is no mult plying
SS 4 3 Alternative Transpor ation Low Emi ting and Fuel E ficient Vehicles 3 the media water or air transpo ts the future the build ng operator and the facil defined by EnEV 2007 (45 % primary The cl ent decided upon a LEED certifica 48 66
SS 4 4 Alternative Transpor ation Parking Capacity 2 6 14
scheme can be ncorporated and consid mentation and soil erosion caused by tect on requ rements and local building system similar to hose for other rating energy out of the space The windows in ty management team w ll carry out energy sav ng) and ASHRAE 90 1 2007 tion at the sta t of the design stage Spe
SS 5 1 Site Development Protect or Restore Habitat 1
ered in the re cert ficat on construction act v ties standards in the nd vidual countr es systems and points are awarded d rectly SS 5 2 Site Development Maximize Open Space 1
the office areas are fitted with electr cal energy monitoring (measurement and (46 % final energy saving) are practically c fic investments in innovat ve technology
requirements
IEQ 4 1 Low Emi ting Materials Adhesives and Sealants 1
ence year in accordance w th the
IEQ 4 2 Low Emi ting Materials Pain s and Coatings 1
10 14 ASHRAE Standard 90 1 2007 Append x IEQ 4 3 Low Emi ting Materials Floo ing Systems 1
15 days 2nd review by GBCI 10 11
11 G [21] In contrast to the German Energy IEQ 4 4 Low Emi ting Materials Composite Wood and Ag i iber Produc s 1
Performance D rective (Energ ereinspar IEQ 5 Indoor Chemical and Pollu ant Source Con rol 1
verordnung EnEV) not he pr mary IEQ 6 1 Contro labi i y of Sys ems Lighting 1
IEQ 6 2 Contro labi i y of Sys ems The mal Comfo t 1
26 28 26 24 energy demand s evaluated but the sav IEQ 7 1 Thermal Comfort Design 1
21
ngs in energy costs n relation to a refer IEQ 7 2 Thermal Comfort Ve i ication 1
25 days App oval of review
ence value All energy flows within the IEQ 8 1 Daylight and Views Daylight 75 % of he Surface 1
bu ld ng are cons de ed Apart from the IEQ 8 2 Daylight and Views Views 90 % of he Su face 1
2 20 LEED NC LEED CS LEED EB LEED for Schools LEED CI ID Innovation & Design 6
2 20 Timescale of a LEED review energy demand for bu ld ng services and
ID 1 1 1 5 Innova ion in Design 5
42 43
Certification costs
Project examples
detail.de/green-books
82 Interior Design 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
Iris Ceramica continues its collaboration at the service of the world of contract.” Top
with international lifestyle brand Diesel Liv- is Grunge Concrete – on the wall in Rebel
ing by launching seven new product lines of Black 60 ≈ 60 cm tiles and on the floor in
floor and wall tiles. The surfaces accentuate Scratch Tan 120 ≈ 60 cm tiles. Above, left,
the aesthetic characteristics of materials is the 10 ≈ 30 cm Shades of Blinds wall tile
marked by time and stressed by heat and in Pink with Grunge Concrete Scratch Black
light. Wood and stone combine with oxi- 120 ≈ 60 cm tile used for the flooring. Be-
dised sheets and grids of metal, glass and low, Combustion in Black Cracked 120 ≈
cement in a continuous play of reflection 20 cm size tile on the wall has been teamed
and shade, offering a new outlook for con- with Combustion in Beige colourway on the
temporary living, says the company. floor in size 120 ≈ 30 cm.
Said the Iris Ceramic Group CEO Federica Other new designs comprise: Arizona Con-
Minozzi, “If the goal of this collaboration in crete, which resembles a cement-like sur-
2016 was to demonstrate the potential of face; Fence, a woven mesh decoration;
porcelain stoneware and the ability of Iris Ribbed Monochrome whose surface is char- New colours refresh the palette
Ceramica to make it take on original visual acterised by metallic and crazing finishes;
aspects and unexpected tactile qualities, and Ribbed Oxide, with nuances of shaded Forbo Flooring Systems has refreshed its
this year it’s to develop a more extensive colour and relief markings giving an effect of Furniture Linoleum Desktop surfacing col-
design disposition around these technical oxidised metal. In total there are now 12 col- lection with a new contemporary colour
skills, fully capitalising on the distinct, lections of surfaces, between them offering palette. The rejuvenated range now offers
unique character of this partnership. a rich colour palette with a wide choice of specifiers and designers a modern, natural
different finishes and decorative designs to surfacing material that delivers a beautiful
“The new offerings were designed to meet enable the creation of individual, contempo- high-end finish to a variety of furniture de-
the requirements of the most demanding rary room schemes. signs, says the company.
and creative consumer, but are also offered
as a broad and alternative array of solutions www.irisceramica.com This product has won a number of design
accolades, including the Red Dot design
award, the award for Good Industrial Design
and the Interzum Award. Sustainability is al-
so a key factor; Furniture Linoleum Desktop
is manufactured using a very finely ground
linoleum granulate, created from linseed oil
and natural pine rosin, to which wood flour
and colour pigments are added.
www.forbo-flooring.co.uk/furniturelinoleum
Edition
Roberto Gonzalo
Rainer Vallentin
Planning and design of
energy-efficient buildings
Client:
Freiburger Stadtbau, Freiburg i Br
Project planning and energy balancing of
passive houses
Architect:
Roland Rombach, Kirchzarten 10 14 Site p an scale 1 5000
Bu lding services: 10 15 View from sou h west
10 16 Section a a scale 1 1000
Ingenieurbüro Lenz, Umkirch 10 17 Standa d floor plan before the re urb shment
Bu lding physics: scale 1 400
Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy 10 18 Standa d floor plan a ter he refu bishment
scale 1 400
Systems, Freiburg i Br 10 19 Refurbished b ock immed ately next o iden ical
not yet refurb shed bui ding
Bu lding construction
Due to the high degree of compactness
the tall structure is very beneficial in
terms of energy efficiency Nevertheless, a
10 15 10 18 10 21
110 111
detail.de/passive
84 Interior Design 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
www.thonet.de
Edition
Sebastian El khouli
Viola John
Martin Zeumer
Sustainable Construction
Techniques
Sebastian El khouli, Viola John,
6 26 Entwurfsvar an en
Neben passiven wurden auch aktive Maß Luftfeuchte sowie die Konzentrationen Die »Basismodernisierung« sah ledig (Grundr sse Maßs ab 1 500)
nahmen an der Gebäudehülle umgesetzt
Der neu errichtete Anbau fungiert dabei
als kleines lokales Kraftwerk zur Versor
gung der Bewohner Als sichtbarer
von CO2 und VOC (f üchtige organische
Verbindungen) in der Raumluft Eine auto
matische Fenstersteuerung reguliert
abhängig von den Messwerten den Min
lich eine energetische Ertüchtigung
der Gebäudehü le vor Die Gebäude
struktur blieb ohne große Veränderun
gen erhalten Gezielte Durchbrüche
a Bas smodern sierung
b Erweiterungsmodern sierung
c Aktivhaus Modernisierung
(rea is erte Variante)
6 27 Verg eich der Entwurfsvarianten
Life Cycle Analysis for buildings
6 28 Dachgalerie im san erten Bestandsgebäude
Bestandteil der Architektur kamen dach destluftwechsel und das Innenraumklima machten den Grundriss offener und 6 29 Schnitt Fassade/Dach Bestandsgebäude
integrierte Solarthermie und Photovoltaik Im Gegensatz zu einer mechanischen zeitgemäßer Maßs ab 1 50
1 Dach
module zum Einsatz Die 19,8 m2 große Lüftungsanlage kommt diese Technologie Die Variante »Erweitungsmodernisierung« Doppe deckung Faserzement l ch grau
Solarthermieanlage liefert in Kombination ohne kostenintensiv nachgerüstete Lüf beschre bt eine Generalsanierung, bei Lattung 40/60 mm
mit einer Luft Wasser Wärmepumpe Heiz
wärme und Warmwasser Das System
verfügt über einen m t 940 l groß dimen
tungsschächte aus Weiterhin steuert das
System auch automatisch den Sonnen
und Blendschutz Der Sonnenschutz wird
der das Gebäude in seinen Rohzustand
zurückversetzt wird Der Altbau sollte ent
kernt, die Hülle energetisch saniert wer
Konterlattung 30/50 mm
Unterspannbahn (s = ca 0 15 m)
Wärmedämmung Ho zfaserplatte 35 mm
Sparren 100/220 mm dazwischen Wärme
dämmung Minera wol e (WLG 035)
Embodied energy and recycling-friendly
sionierten Warmwassertank, der sowohl dabei nicht nur zur Regulierung der Innen den Ergänzt wurde das Wohngebäude OSB Pla te 15 mm als Dampfsperre
die Entnahmestellen in Alt und Neubau
als auch die Fußbodenheizung speist
Den für den Gebäudebetrieb (Hilfsstrom
inkl Wärmepumpe sowie Haushaltsstrom
raumtemperatur im Sommerfa l eingesetzt
in kalten Winternächten sorgt er zusätz
lich zur Verbesserung der Dämmwirkung
und somit zur Reduktion der Transmis
durch einen kleinen Anbau in Holzrah
menkonstruktion
Die Variante »Aktivhaus Modernisierung«
beschre bt in ihren wesentlichen Grund
Fugen uftdicht verklebt
Gipskarton 12 5 mm
2 Fenster
Dreifachverglasung in Ho z A umin um
Rahmen
construction
3 Außenwand
inkl Beleuchtung) erforderlichen Strom sionswärmeverluste durch die Fenster zügen den Umbau, der letztlich in Ham Außenputz m neralisch 10 mm
stellt die 75 m2 große Photovo ta kanlage Durch die Sanierung sank der jährliche burg Wilhelmsburg realisiert wurde Wärmedämmung Minera wol e 200 mm
bere t Die polykristallinen Zellen in der Endenergiebedarf des Gebäudes um fast Nach der Fertigstellung und einer Zeit Mauerwerk Bestand 240 mm
nnenputz 10 mm
Dachhaut und die transluzenten Glas 65 % Der Primärenergiebedarf beträgt der öffentlichen Ausstellung im Rahmen
Glas Module über Terrasse und Carport
sind auf jähr ich rund 7000 kWh Strom
ausgelegt; Überschüsse werden ins ört i
nun 47,2 kWh/m2a und unterschreitet
damit den Grenzwert der EnEV 2009
um 65,7 %
der IBA startete das Projekt in eine
zwe jährige Testphase mit einer Probe
familie Diese wurde im Rahmen eines Innenraumluftqualität, das Verhalten der machen, wurde die Gebäudetechnik für
6 28
Key certification standards and databases
che Netz eingespeist [9] Monitoringprogramms durch ein inter Gebäudesteuerung sowie manuelle Ein das zweite Testjahr um eine Geothermie
Zur Reduktion von Lüftungswärmeverlus Planungsprozess und erste Betriebserfahrungen disziplinäres Forschungsteam aus griffe anlage zur saisonalen thermischen Zwi
ten sowie zur Verbesserung des Innen Während der Planungsphase wurde der Architekten, Soziologen, Gebäude und Neben quant fizierbaren Messgrößen wur schenspeicherung ergänzt Dam t soll
raumklimas und der Behaglichkeit sind Umgang m t dem Bestandsgebäude Solartechnikern betreut Sensoren und den auch Alltagserfahrungen der Bewoh die im Sommer in den Erdboden einge
darüber hinaus alle Fenster mit einer um
fangreichen Sensor k ausgestattet Diese
erfasst die Innenraumtemperatur, die
anhand von drei Modernisierungsvarian
ten mit unterschiedlichem Budgetrahmen
untersucht (Abb 6 26)
Zähler erfassten den Energie und
Wasserverbrauch der Familie, die Raum
temperaturen, den Tageslichtanteil, die
ner mit dem Gebäude über Interviews,
Fragebögen und ein Onlinetagebuch auf
gezeichnet Auf diese Weise hoffen die
Soziologen, Faktoren identifizieren zu
speiste Wärme künftig im Winter zu Heiz
zwecken zur Verfügung stehen
Sowohl im Alt als auch im Neubau stel
len sich bezogen auf Normen des Kom
1 Design optimisation during the
können, mit denen sich das Wohlbefinden fortmonitorings [10] ganzjährig eine
in Gebäuden über den heutigen Wissen
stand hinaus wissenschaftlich quantifizie
ren lässt
hohe thermische Behag ichkeit sowie
Qual tät der Raumluft ein Nur selten
kommt es zu Überhitzungen [11] Die
planning process
Erfahrungen aus dem ersten Jahr zeigen, Jahresverteilung der Temperaturen
dass die Maxime der Ressourcenscho (Abb 6 30, S 114) an unterschiedlichen
nung mit jener der Wohnqualität gut in Messpunkten im Gebäude zeigt, dass
Einklang gebracht werden konnten Die vor allem die Räume im Erdgeschoss
Erträge der Photovoltaikanlage übertreffen
die Ka kulation um etwa 10 %, Heizwärme
und Warmwasserbedarf fallen (mit
zusammen 58 kWh/m2a statt der voraus
des A tbaus durch die vorhandene
Speichermasse weniger stark auskühlten
und überhitzten Das massive Mauer
werk sowie die Durchlüftung im Treppen
Comprehensive documentation
of building projects
berechneten 84 kWh/m2a) rund 30 % raum sorgen für den intendierten Kamin
geringer aus als erwartet Im Sommer effekt Der leichte Anbau in Holzständer
übersteigt der Wärmegewinn aus der bauweise verhält sich thermisch ähn ich
solarthermischen Anlage den Bedarf der wie die Räume im Obergeschoss des
a b c 6 26 vierköpfigen Fam lie deutlich Lediglich Altbaus, bei denen die (leichte) Dach
der Stromverbrauch der Anlagentechnik konstruktion den größten Teil der Hüll
2
Bas smodern sierung Erwe tungsmodernisierung Akt vhaus Modernis erung liegt über den theoretischen Berechnun fläche bildet Die Nutzer selbst berichten,
Gebäudehülle saniert saniert san ert gen Insgesamt beträgt die gemessene dass sie den Neubau im Sommer trotz
Durchbrüche im Grundriss entkernt entkernt
Abweichung etwa 55 % oder absolut der Verschattungsmöglichkeiten zeit
Gebäudestruktur
rund 2500 kWh , sodass das Ziel des weise als zu warm wahrnehmen An
Dach saniert + Dach enster saniert + Dachfenster neues Sparrendach + Dachfens er
Nettonullenergiebedarfs im ersten kalten Wintertagen wird von unangeneh
Gebäudetechnik Öl Brennwer kessel Heizkörper Luft Wasser Wärmepumpe So ar Luft Wasser Wä mepumpe So ar Betriebsjahr um ca 2300 kWh verfeh t mem Luftzug berichtet Die automatische
So arthermie + Tr nkwasserspe cher hermie Pufferspeicher Fußboden thermie + PV Pu ferspe cher Fuß 3
he zung Trinkwasserspeicher bodenheizung Tr nkwasserspe cher wurde Dies ist unter anderem auf die zu Öffnung der Fenster über Sensoren ist
Anbau bleibt bestehen + Über irstverglasung kleiner Ho zrahmenbau großer Ho zrahmenbau
groß dimensionierte Solarthermieanlage zudem nicht geräuschlos und wird ins
und die daraus resultierende Notwendig besondere im Altbau (in den privaten
Platzbedarf 2 3 Personen 3 4 Personen 4 Personen
keit zurückzuführen, überschüssige Räumen) zeitweise als störend beschrie
Energiebedarf + CO Emissionen 50 % Energie 60 % CO 70 % Energ e 65 % Erträge durch die Wärmepumpe an die ben In der Nacht schalten sie die Gebäu
(zum unsanierten Bestand)
Außenluft abzugeben Um die sommer desteuerung daher manchmal komplett
Kosten (brutto) 140 000 € 274 000 € 460 000 €
lichen Überschüsse künftig nutzbar zu aus [12]
6 27 6 29
112 113
detail.de/sustainable-construction
86 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
Solar Power,
Solar Protection
Glass and metal fins provide screening, shading, ventilation and solar panels
The Francis Crick Institute in central London signed, fabricated, supplied and installed. were installed to create protective enclo-
boasts custom-designed solar PV panels The screening provides shading and a natu- sures around key items of plant and equip-
and screening solutions supplied and in- rally ventilated enclosure to allow mechani- ment. The extruded aluminium louvres are
stalled by Levolux. Designed to achieve a cal and electrical plant and equipment to designed to provide optimum levels of air-
BREEAM ‘Excellent’ rating by architects operate efficiently, and also incorporates flow and weather resistance.
from HOK with PLP Architecture, it is one of what is said to be one of the largest build-
Europe’s largest biomedical research cen- ing-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) installa- Levolux products were also specified, in the
tres and is equipped with a vast array of tions in the UK. form of a brightly coloured solar shading so-
specialist, highly sensitive plant and equip- lution, for the Meadowvale Community Cen-
ment, much of it located at roof level. Over 800 custom-built solar panels have tre and Library in Mississauga, near Toronto
been incorporated into more than 400 of the in Canada. The building reopened last year
To satisfy planning requirements, it was glass fins, fixed to south-facing sections of after an extensive refurbishment costing
necessary to limit the visual impact of the the roof. The laminated glass PV fins are around $37 million. To satisfy LEED Silver
building, particularly at high level, as it over- formed from toughened glass, sandwiching specifications the development capitalised
looks St Pancras International Station, the a PVB interlayer and mono-crystalline PV on state-of-the-art technologies, including
British Library and housing in the Somers cells. In addition, the company supplied and incorporating external solar shading on east
Town area of Camden. installed the associated micro inverters, iso- and west-facing elevations as seen below,
lator boxes and two central distribution box- right and centre.
The roof screening extends 160 m in length es, mounted within a PV plant room.
and 80 m in width, reaching up to more than The Infiniti® Fin system was combined with
43 m above street level. The structure re- The complete PV array, which is connected the Triniti® bracket, which incorporates a
sembles a modern vaulted roof, divided into to the Building Grid, the BMS and EMS, is comprehensive thermal break. As a form of
two interlocking shells with each shell expected to generate around 204,200 kWh/ brise soleil, the 350 vertical fins are angled
formed from a variety of screening fins, or year from a renewable energy source. This at 45 ° to counter the sun as it passes
louvres, that combine to create an attractive, helps to satisfy the energy demands of the across the sky, and the aluminium fins cre-
multifunctional enclosure. institute, while significantly reducing its envi- ate a striking feature in colours from greens
ronmental footprint. and blues to lilac and purple.
Solid, perforated and twisted aluminium fins
all feature, along with glass fins. Around Beneath the myriad of fins that cloak the www.levolux.com
2,400 screening fins in widths of 150 to roof, HP75 and HP50 ventilation louvres,
750 mm and lengths of up to 9 m were de- with pitches of 75 and 50 mm respectively,
Edition
Holistic Housing
Hans Drexler, Sebastian El khouli, 2012.
288 pages with many illustrations,
graphics and photos. 24 × 33 cm.
ISBN 978-3-920034-78-2
Paperback: € 49.– / £ 40.– / US$ 69.–
+ postage/packing
+ VAT, if applicable
of buildings
General contractor: Implenia Generalunternehmung AG
PAR AMETERS
Site: Win erthur, Sw tzerland
Geodata: 47°30‘0.72“N – 8°44‘12.69“E 01 Site p an, scale 1 : 20,000
Planning period: 1999 (competit on) – 2006
Construct on period: 2007 – 2008 1st + 2nd phase
(5 bui dings)/2009 – 2010
Living in a green environment is still a widespread ideal.
3rd phase (1 building), A house of one’s own with a small garden, a safe place
4th phase to be completed for the children to play, where one can escape from the
Use:
Accommoda ion:
57 apartments, 10 of which
condominiums
7 x 2.5-room apartments
20 x 3.5-room apartments
22 x 4.5-room apartmen s
hectic pace and noise of the city at the end of the work-
ing day and at weekends. The consequences are known
and vis ble wherever one turns. The architecture critic
Benedikt Loderer has sa d that the h'ÚRKHODRSi (roughly
Sustainability in a dialogue between a
home and its residents
8 x 5.5-room apartments the hBNLOTKRHUD CDRHQD ENQ GNLD NVMDQRGHOi) HR SN AK@LD
Users: approx. 140 residential users + ENQ TQA@M ROQ@VK HM 2V SYDQK@MC, and few would contra-
30 workspaces in the former villa
dict the statement. But the endless patchwork of row
Plot size: 14,636 m
Floor space: 3,945 m
houses and single-family homes is not only spreading
Gross floor space: 10 004 m across the countryside and leisure areas near the c ty,
Main usable area: 7,163 m but is also linked to a correspondingly steep increase in
Energy reference area: 9,666 m energy required for mobility, which cannot be halted
Occupancy ndex: 0.27
w th more energy-efficient houses and vehicles alone.
Floor space index: 0.68
Gross capacity: 32 150 m
(w thout ex sting buildings) The alternatives that are usually offered are not regard-
Land use: 99m plot size res dent ed as equal by a majority of people. Not everyone is
28m floor space resident enchanted by the dea of enjoying their evenings after a
Living space: 51 m /resident – average
workday in densely developed inner-c ty districts, sur-
Switzerland: 44, average
Winterthur: 52
rounded by trendy ca es, organic food shops and park-
Building costs: approx. 19 000,000 CHF ing chaos, and to raise their children there – regardless
(1st + 2nd phase) of how many day care centres and playgrounds the area
3,095 CHF m gross f oor space might offer. But central and qu et properties are rare
(1st + 2nd phase)
and unaffordable for a large part of the popu ation;
4,330 CHF m ma n usab e area
(1st + 2nd phase)
development to a degree of density that preserves the
680 CHF/m gross capacity (1st + sense of living in a green environment is therefore a
2nd phase, ncl. underground garage) challenge.
detail.de/sustainable
88 Solar Power and Solar Protection 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
detail.de/gmp-architects
90 Solar Power and Solar Protection 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
However, similarly as the prefabricated house, the modular system EISAN research project at the University of Karlsruhe, as well as the sub-
approach tended to be pushed into the background during the phase of sequent automated manufacture and assembly based on an individual Concerning fur her a pects of the inte-
Concerning he scope of tendencies individualisation – especially in the field of residential building – that measurement and topological analysis of buildings. gration of planning, construction, and
towards individualisation, see The began in the 1980s. manufacturing processes, see also
Operationality of Data and Material
» p. 15, Parametric Design Systems
» p. 43, 52, Construction Processes of
Individualisation and
Automated one-off production
Another highly promising approach for the efficient project-specific
» p. 21 as well as The Operationality of
Data and Material » p. 9, Material,
Information, Technology » p. 31, Para-
Trends, developments and predictions
the Future » p. 128 mass customisation metric Design Systems » p. 43, Construc-
Individualisation can be observed in both socio-cultural and economic
terms. In the 1980s the sociologist Ulrich Beck contributed substantially
development of one-off products is automated manufacture , also
referred to as CAD/CAM integration (Computer-Aided Design/Com-
puter-Aided Manufacturing). A prerequisite for this is an integrated
tion Processes of he Future » p. 126 for the architecture of tomorrow
to this topic, which also plays an important role in the discussion relat- planning and manufacturing process based on CAx technologies. This
17 ing to social change within modern society, involving a “dissolution of requires the existence of a complete digital, and thus, validatable
http //insm de/ nsm/Akt onen/ traditional ways of living, lifestyle norms and behavioural orientations”17. description of the planning object by means of a virtual building model Building
Facade survey
Lexikon/i/Individualisierung html
One important aspect here is the individualisation of the value system: (Building Information Modelling – BIM), which can represent the vari-
Presentation of scientific methods
Topological analysis
(accessed on 05 08 2011)
Elementisat on/
from an economic viewpoint, individualisation can also be seen as a ous structural, functional, and technical aspects, as well as manufac- Parameterisation
“trademark and competitive factor”.18 An improved focus on customers turing-related constraints. The BIM then serves as data reference for Customisation/
Manufacture/
18 on the part of corporations, combined with precisely specified market later manufacture.21 Logist cs
bid
merce. But how can this approach be applied to the building industry? continuous process from the real object context to the virtual planning
model and combined CAD and CAM technologies, as well as rapid pro-
VDI Yearbook 2008 Düsse dorf 2007
22
resulting implications for the future
19
Individualised system building totyping (RP).
Within the building industry, this integrated BIM approach to linking Maisberger Whiteoaks New Business
Potent al for Architects and
Pil er Frank T Mass Custom zation Individualised system building attempts to expand the planning freedom planning and manufacture has primarily been adopted in practice by the
Engineers Study commissioned by
A Strategic Concept for Compet t on
that is generally limited by consequently employing a systematised mod- larger general contractors and coordinating contractors, since these are Nemetschek AG Munich 2005
n the In ormat on Age
Wiesbaden 2006
20
ular building system. It aims to achieve this by combining standardised
system components with individual details in order to create customer-
specific solutions. However, the disadvantages of limited individual plan-
able to exploit a high added value. This is due to the high degree of con-
tinuity within their own in-house processes. In addition to a considerable
increase in efficiency, adherence to deadlines, and cost certainty, this also
see note 2
23
Opportunities for research into trends
ning solutions associated with system building cannot be fully compen- leads to a significant improvement in product quality. In steel construc-
in architecture
Dörf inger Markus Marxt Christian Ga laher Michael P et al Cost Analy
Mass Customization New Potential sis of nadequate Inter Operabil ty
sated by this rather configuration-based approach. tion, for example, tolerances of less than 0.1 millimetres can be achieved
through Customer Spec fic Mass n the U S Cap tal Faci ities ndustry
Production (I) Combination of Effi Still, such an approach, when based on parameterisable components, through systematic CAD-CAM control of the manufacturing machines.24 U S Department of Commerce
cient Mass Product on with Cus can be suitable for renovation projects, and particularly energy-efficiency Particularly in infrastructure projects where quality is critical, such as Techno ogy Administration National
tomer specific Indiv dual Product on Inst tute of Standards and Techno
n o Management 03/2001
modernisation. Figure 25 | 1 shows the elementisation and parameterisa- the construction of rapid transit rail lines, the use of CAD/CAM can ogy Gaithersburg MD 2004
tion of a thermal insulation composite system realised as part of the become a decisive competitive factor. In concrete construction, the com-
24 Industrialisation versus Individualisation New Methods and Technologies Petra von Both 25
detail.de/s-future
92 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
Vectorworks 2017 BIM software includes ty to check out individual objects or layers. drafting and 3D modelling to creating coor-
more than 100 updates designed to simplify Professionals can easily share designs with dinated construction documents and fully
and speed up workflows and enhance pro- clients and collaborators using the soft- developed BIM models, its broad set of de-
ject sharing, with over 70 % of the features ware’s immersive web view and virtual reali- sign and BIM capabilities allow architects to
stemming from direct user feedback. The ty features – this generates a link that allows do more than just information modelling,
Resource Manager enables designers to anyone, anywhere, to view and experience whilst increasing productivity and unlocking
create, find, edit and apply desired resourc- models in 3D on any device without any ad- creativity, states the company.
es to their projects. Offering direct browsing ditional hardware.
of resources from multiple content locations, The third annual Vectorworks Design Sum-
this new feature also includes all the Service The company has just announced version mit, aimed at professionals, educators and
Select libraries for subscription users. 2.5 of the SimTread pedestrian simulation students in the AEC, landscape and enter-
add-on for its 2017 software, available to tainment industries, runs from September
With advanced door and window object purchase separately. Created by Japanese 18 to 20 at the Baltimore Marriott Waterfront
styles, architects have improved flexibility in distributor A&A Co Ltd, in partnership with Hotel in Maryland, USA. The conference will
design processes when modifying the style, Waseda University and Takenaka Corpora- include three days of industry sessions,
data and geometry of doors and windows in tion, the software helps in simulating and technical support, networking events and
their models and producing accurate work- analysing a variety of crowd-control needs keynote addresses, as well as hands-on
sheets in a few quick clicks. The improve- such as building egress and traffic flow. training opportunities.
ments simplify BIM workflows and manage-
ment of sweeping model changes. The Slab Updates include a more detailed analysis Session and training topics span a variety
Drainage tool allows designers to create that offers the ability to efficiently add time- of areas, including the basics of Building
sloped slabs and flat roofs featuring tapered dependent events like evacuations as well Information Modelling (BIM), moving from
components. This feature will help inform as account for needs of different occupants, 2D to 3D modelling, water-efficient land-
design decisions, document all essential such as individuals in wheelchairs. scape design, working with DWG files and
data and allow for easy change manage- graphical scripting. For full details including
ment across a given BIM design. Vectorworks Architect is claimed to have the registration and accommodation costs, use
largest number of import and export capa- the ‘design-summit’ website below.
Cloud integration allows project files to be bilities in the industry, allowing designers to
saved in Dropbox, OneDrive, Google Drive seamlessly collaborate and share with all in- www.vectorworks.co.uk
and Box. There are also more options to volved in the design process from concept www.vectorworks.net/design-summit
customise multiuser workflows with the abili- to construction in one platform. From 2D
∂ 2017 ¥ 4
∂
Downloading BIM models made simpler
Newsletter
Eurocell has reimagined the way designers
and specifiers access its BIM models, and
the result is the BIM Centre, where finding
and downloading the right models is de-
signed to be quick and simple, and updates REGISTER NOW
are delivered automatically. Users sign up
free and can then use the new search-and- Read about the latest developments in
filter tool to find the models needed. Rather architecture and design: Every day, we keep
than downloading them one-by-one, these you up to date with background on ground-
all go into a BIM basket to be downloaded breaking construction projects, research
at the end of the process. news and the most important events, as well
as providing information on our magazine
The downloaded models are also stored in a topics and new book releases.
personalised BIM library for easy access at
a later date. And by signing up for automat-
ed updates, BIM Centre members will re- Intelligent lighting design system
ceive an email to let them know when mod-
els have changed. LED and HID lighting specialist Venture news
Lighting Europe has recently unveiled a new GET WEB BROWSER VERSION
A ‘Request a BIM’ function is available for and refreshed website to display its range of
BUILDINGS ·
specifiers when they can’t find the model products and technologies. The company
they need, handled by the company’s tech- upgraded the site to match new branding
nical support team. “We know from talking developed alongside the launch of its latest
to our customers that getting the right BIM product catalogue, featuring new ranges
models can sometimes be a frustrating and which include LED Edge Lit Panels, Glass
time-consuming experience,” commented Tubes, LED Midibays and Highbays and
head of marketing Chris Coxon. “The idea IDT Streetlights.
behind our BIM Centre was to make every-
thing as hassle-free as possible, and to The website also features a new Lighting
make sure that people always have access Design Tool, enabling specifiers and de-
to the latest information.” signers to select the luminaires and calcu- Graphic interpretation: Le Signe National
late, design and build the lighting scheme Graphic Design Centre
At the launch of BIM Centre it contained for a project. The company says this will The Le Signe National Graphic Design Centre stands out
nearly 40 models covering the company’s help improve the product selection process as an expressive duo of buildings involving a combination
of a new structure with an existing one.
most popular ranges, Modus and Eurologik; and overall user experience.
that number is growing all the time as new » Read more «
models are being added. The models are in The intelligent system requires users to se-
RFA or Revit Family format, which requires lect a product that is compatible with the
Autodesk Revit software. programme and gives the ability to adjust BLOG ·
The new design is intended to make it easi- Pixelated: New Science Building for
er to browse and find products, as the full Dulwich College
range is categorised into applications in- The new building for this college in the south of London is
cluding commercial, industrial floodlighting, the first school structure in the portfolio of the well-known
Grimshaw architecture studio.
street lighting, emergency, domestic and
retrofit lamps. These categories have been » Read more «
updated to include the new VLUMA and
Emerg-EVAC brands.
www.venturelightingeurope.com
detail-online.com/newsletter
94 CAD, Software and BIM 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
www.marleyalutec.co.uk
Edition
Photovoltaics
Bernhard Weller, Claudia Hemmerle,
Sven Jakubetz, Stefan Unnewehr.
2010. 112 pages with numerous
drawings and photos.
Format 21 × 29.7 cm
ISBN 978-3-0346-0369-0
Paperback: € 42.95 / £ 35.– / US$ 60.–
+ postage/packing
+ VAT, if applicable
∂ Practice
Min m s ng
reflect on osses
The sun as source of energy
Reducing the
Light trap ef ect
degree of eflect on
AR coat ng
Engineering and systems
Glass Glass
manufacturing fac lities will enable individ film technology, tinting or printing the
tions Yield and architecture must be Part of the incident solar radiation is 24
Cell Texture
weighed up carefully against each other reflected directly at the boundary surface
Size Form Type Contacts Transparency Separating cuts Many different factors determine the case of standard float glass and an angle
appearance of a PV installation The vari of incidence of 90° The reflections are
ous influencing factors are described normally regular (or specular) reflections
below in line with the scheme given in because the surface of the glass is smooth
Fig 21 compared to the wavelengths of light
Form
Dummy ce s
Proport ons
Generator a low absorptance so that the maximum Secondly, the quality of the reflection can
Modular ty
Rhythm amount of solar radiation passes through be controlled via the roughness of the 20 Balcony balustrade w th PV modu es
Private house in Passail (A) 2007
Volume the glass and reaches the solar cells The glass surface Patterned glass specially Arch tekturbüro Kaltenegger
P as ic ty
Applicat ons Types of ntegrat on production of this so ca led extra clear or developed for PV applications contains a 21 The features affecting the appearance of pho o
low iron glass requires a glass melt with a macroscopic surface structure that func vo taics influenc ng factors and boundary cond t ons
22 The princ ples of the opt ons for minim sing
low iron oxide content, which considerably tions as a “light trap” according to the reflect on losses
reduces the green tint so typical of stand principle of multiple reflections The trans 23 Schemat c presentat on of types of reflection
depending on surface propert es
ard float glass (Fig 24) The higher cost mittance is up to 91 5 %, which compares a Regu ar (or specular) ref ection
Surround ngs
Urban and
of this glass and, in turn, the price of the to about 90 % for a non textured low iron b Di fuse reflection
Ensemb e capabi ity 24 Owing to its i on ox de content standard float
rural Ef ect from a distance panels is offset by the improved effi glass of the same thickness Textured
glass (lef ) has a green sh tint Extra c ear low
landscape Dominat ng effect ciency Body tinted glass is not generally glasses of this kind produce unfocused ron glass (right) s ma nly used in PV echnology
used with the very expensive crysta line reflections but do not appear matt If dif n order o ncrease the conve sion efficiency of
the module
Ensemb e Urban & rural andscape Dom nant so itary
cells because of its negative influence on fuse reflections (p 43, Fig 23b), which 25 Patterned glasses with surface texture op imised
21 the conversion efficiency When using thin results in a matt appearance, are required for PV applicat ons
42 43
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102 2017 ¥ 4 ∂
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Oriol Vidal
Barcelone (ES)
www.ovingenieria.es
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b] By Ņ T
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Zhu Tan
Zhu Tan studied architecture and architec-
tural theory in Beijing before coming to Mi-
lan in 2009 for her PhD at the Politecnico di
Milano. Since 2014 she has been working
as an architect and urban planner with Recs
Architects in Milan, and consults the studio
on Chinese projects. She has been an ad-
junct professor at the Politecnico di Milano
since 2014/15. Zhu Tan has researched ex-
tensively on traditional Chinese building ty-
pologies and co-authored the book “Habitat.
Vernacular Architecture for a Changing
Planet” (London: Thames & Hudson, 2017), Rames und Karim Najjar
which will be published in German by Detail For Rames und Karim Najjar, planning and
this October. In the current issue of Detail, construction is more than just building de-
she explains the relationship between the sign. The brothers see research and experi-
typology of Chinese courtyard houses and mentation as an integral part of their work.
regional climatic conditions (see pp. 10ff). Rames has been a professor in Innsbruck
since 2014 and Karim currently teaches ar-
chitecture and design at the American Uni-
versity in Beirut. In 1999, they co-founded
Najjar Najjar Architects, with offices in Vien-
na and Beirut. Their projects include the
UNESCO Marine and World Heritage Center
in Krems an der Donau and the Semperit
F&E building, for which they developed a
system to produce double curved facades.
Studio 804 Habitat: Vernacular Architecture Najjar Najjar are also working on the design
for a Changing Planet
Sustainable, affordable, and inventive – Thames & Hudson Ltd, of buildings for refugees. As part of an inter-
these are the operating principles of Studio London 2017 disciplinary team with Transsolar Academy
804, a not-for-profit corporation. The Univer- and SAWA, a Lebanese NGO, they are cur-
sity of Kansas Department of Architecture rently developing a pilot project that uses
offers the nine-month program to graduate climate-responsive design strategies to con-
students, professional architects, and all struct a model school for refugee children
others who wish to deepen their practical (see pp. 60ff).
knowledge. Every year one building is pro- www.najjar-najjar.com
duced, in which the participants carry out all
aspects, from the initial design to construc-
tion, detailing, permits, cost control, land-
scape, and more. The initiative was founded
22 years ago. Today the Studio 804 portfolio
includes nine LEED Platinum buildings and
three passive house-certified projects (see
pp. 60ff).
www.studio804.com
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