Issue no.

29 April 2021

FG Approves Transmission Lines

& Sub-stations Contracts

TCN Boss Tasks Stakeholders on

Efficient Grid Management

Minister of State, Power, Urges

NAPTIN Graduates to Be Entrepreneurs

April 2021

TCN is Working to Further

Expand the Nation's Grid
March 2019
June 2019
19
ber 20
Septem

19
ber 20
Decem
2020
June
Jan -
2020
mber
Dece
 CONTENTS
13 MOBILISE
TCN, BORNO STATE

08 TO RESTORE POWER
SUPPLY IN MAIDUGURI AND
ENVIRONS

TCN MANAGEMENT VISIT SITE OF

23 PROPOSED SECOND NATIONAL
CONTROL CENTER IN ABUJA

27
TCN BOSS TASKS ELECTRICITY
05 STAKEHOLDERS ON
STRATEGIES FOR EFFICIENT
27
FG APPROVES
07
GRID MANAGEMENT CONTRACTS
FOR THREE
TRANSMISSION
07 TCN ASSURES
TRANSPARENCY AT SLA SUB-STATIONS,
MEETING WITH KEDCO EXTENSION OF
TRANSMISSION
MAINTENANCE, UPGRADE
08 AND EXPANSION: LINES
KEY TO GRID STABILITY
-MD/CEO 34
MINISTER OF STATE, POWER GRID TO
11 POWER, URGES GET 4,000MW
NAPTIN GRADUATES TO WITH ONGOING
BE ENTREPRENEURS TRANSMISSION
PROJECTS
42 TCN MANAGEMENT ASSURES REGIONAL
OFFICES OF EQUIPMENT AND SPARE PARTS

13 55 30
pag e 3 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 EDITOR’S
NOTE

pag e 4 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A

ED (ISO) Engr. Maman Lawal
TCN TASKS ELECTRICITY
STAKEHOLDERS ON STRATEGIES FOR
EFFICIENT GRID MANAGEMENT
T
he Ag. Managing
Director and Chief
Executive Officer of
t h e Tr a n s m i s s i o n
Company of Nigeria
( TC N ) , E n g r . S u l e
Ahmed Abdulaziz, has tasked
electricity stakeholders in the
generation, transmission and
distribution subsectors to come up
with strategies that will enable them
handle risks associated with the
management of the nation's power
grid as every player is an important
component of the structure that
produces an efficiently managed
grid.
Engr. Abdulaziz, represented by the
Executive Director Independent
System Operator (ISO), Engr.
Maman Lawal, made this known
during a two-day Joint
Generation/Operation/ Distribution
Planning meeting on Wednesday
pag e 5
GM, System Operations (SO), Engr. Nafisa Ali
17th March 2021, to appraise
operational performance related to
generation data, available units,
water, gas constraints and load
intake in the last six months, as well
as projected data for the next six
months. The data will aid efficient
operational planning and
management for enhanced system
performance and stability.
He posited that all stakeholders
should adopt the principal objective
of planning which entails
maximizing profit and conversely
minimizing losses, managing
uncertainties and coming up with
ways to handle risk involved in grid
management. He equally harped on
the importance of critical
observations in reshaping the
industry.
Engr. Lawal explained that the
GM, (NCC), Engr. Balarabe Abdullahi
By Bili Kazah Akau
process of attaining an efficient grid
includes setting the right
environment which would inspire
confidence amongst industry
players, contrive the process that
players can look up to and calibrate
the same to ensure an efficient,
viable and economic model. All
these, he noted, cannot be done
without first having a proper
planning mechanism in place.
Speaking also in the meeting, the
General Manager, System
Operations (SO), Engr. Nafisa Ali,
opined that the sector had generally
performed well in 2020 with records
of multiple maximum daily energy
peak generation amid prevalent
challenges, including the Covid-19
pandemic. She pointed out that in
less than three months into the year
2021, the system has continued to
record increase in both generation
T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 Engr. Abdullahi highlighted achievements by all stakeholders
within this appraisal period to include; all-time peak generation and
transmission of 5,801.60MW on 1st of March, 2021 and the reduced
incidents of system collapses

peak and daily maximum energy months and gave a high score to the
peak. This, she said, signals hope that performance of industry players
the sector would do better moving within the period, evidently revealed
forward. in the multiple maximum peaks in
energy and generation experienced
She lauded the efforts of participants on the grid.
and noted that any success recorded
in the sector is a result of collective They also adopted resolutions
effort, and urged participants to expressing the concern of all
sustain the momentum for a more participating companies on a
efficient management of the country's number of issues which include the
grid network. provision of spinning reserve for
improved grid stability, deployment
In his remark, the General Manager, of a SCADA system with a coverage
National Control Centre (NCC), Engr. area beyond legacy generation
Balarabe Abdullahi, explained that the stations and fast-tracking the
Joint Generation/Operation/ upgrade and completion of various
Distribution Planning bi-annual transmission projects that would
meeting is a forum where operators further expand the grid and provide
come together to appraise grid quality power delivery to more
operations and make forecast based electricity users in the country.
on critical technical assessments.
Also mentioned in the communiqué
He also explained that the forum is an is the low load utilization by DisCos
avenue to inform the DisCos of which impacts negatively no grid
expected load supply for the next six stability and load evacuation from
( 6 ) m o n t h s a n d m a k e GenCos as well as recruitment of
recommendations on ways to plant and system operators and
improve grid facilities. The outcome general infrastructural challenges
of the meeting, he said, is expected to bewailing the industry. The
form the fulcrum for making salient communiqué also noted the poor
decisions on the operational aspect of implementation of past
the power sector. communiqué recommendations
and constituted a committee to
Engr. Abdullahi highlighted monitor and report progress made
achievements by all stakeholders on issues cited in subsequent bi-
Participants
within this appraisal period to include; annual meetings.
an increase in generation capacity to
13,014.40MW, maximum daily Energy
ever attained of 119,471.15 MWH
recorded on 5th March, all-time peak
generation and transmission of
5,801.60MW on 1st of March, 2021,
and the reduced incidents of system
collapses among others.

In a communiqué signed by the

Executive Director, ISO, Engr. Maman
Lawal, the participants appraised the
industry's activities in the last six

Group Photograph with representative of Generation Companies

pag e 6
 Corporate Headquarters
in Abuja, to reconcile areas
of dispute in the SLA.

In his remark , the

E x e c u t i v e D i r e c t o r,
Tr a n s m i s s i o n S e r v i c e
Provider (TSP), Engr. Victor
Adewumi, also assured
that TCN engineers were
prepared to work with
KEDCO to resolve all issues
of electricity supply to
feeders of their choice
within their network and
opined that issues of this
nature are best tackled by
field engineers rather than
regulators.
TCN Management and KEDCO team led by Engr. David Omoloye
Responding, Engr. David
Omoloye outlined issues
affecting KEDCO to

TCN ASSURES
include over allocation of
load, misapplication of
load schedule and wrong
compilation of invoices as
topmost among other

TRANSPARENCY AT SLA
issues contained in their
formal complaint.

The Market Operator

MEETING WITH KEDCO

(MO), Engr. Edmond Eje,
requested that KEDCO
provides data such as the
number of 33kV feeders
affected and load lost; the
By Kazah Bili Akau number of 132kV
interruptions with time of
interruptions and

S
equel to a formal complaint filed by the Kano
Electricity Distribution Company (KEDCO) Plc to
the Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission
(NERC) on disagreements with issues contained in the
Service Level Agreement (SLA) signed with the
Transmission Company of Nigeria (TCN), the Acting
Managing Director of TCN, Engr. Sule Ahmed Abdulaziz
has assured KEDCO of transparency and openness.
Engr. Abdulaziz gave the assurance when a team from
KEDCO Plc led by the Chief Technical Officer to the
Managing Director/CEO, KEDCO, Engr. David Omoloye,
met with TCN on 23rd February, 2021 at the TCN
Megawatts lost, among others.
Engr. Eje also noted that KEDCO would also need to
disclose the availability or otherwise of its own facility
especially the 33kV feeders upon which the SLA
depends to enable TCN align appropriately.
At a subsequent meeting held on 1st March, 2020, both
TCN and KEDCO were requested to reconcile and submit
actual data of faulty equipment by undertaking an on
the spot evaluation of their facilities in the affected areas
and submit a report to the Market Operator within the
specified period.

pag e 7 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 The Ag. Managing Director
and Chief Executive Officer
of TCN, Engr. Sule Abdulaziz
in this interview
speaks about the strategy
deployed by TCN to deliver
more bulk power to the end-users
in the country.
Abdulaziz explains that grid
stability is equally predicated
on the deployment of Spinning
Reserve and SCADA/EMS amidst
demand and supply from
DisCos and GenCos.
Transmission News provides
the excerpts:

Ag. MD/CEO TCN, Engr. Sule Abdulaziz

Q. System collapse has

reduced, what
changed?
A: This was achieved
through more rigorous
enforcement of the rules by TCN
through the National Control Center
(NCC). Also, generating stations are
complying more with free governor
control of their generators. We have
increased preventive maintenance of
the transmission system which is also
a key factor in ensuring grid stability.
These have drastically reduced
spurious tripping in the network and
forced outages of the network
components.
Q. How stable is the national grid?
A: In the last ten months since we
assumed duty, the nation's grid has
been relatively stable. However,
stability of the national grid is a
function of the network and
operational conditions. Given our
current status, the grid is sufficiently
stable considering that the grid
operates without spinning reserve
and SCADA/EMS amidst the dynamic
fragilities of demand and supply from
the DisCos and the GenCos. Grid
stability will greatly improve with
deployment of Spinning Reserve and
SCADA/EMS in the grid operations;
these are being pursued with all
seriousness. We are intentionally
implementing proactive, preventive
maintenance to ensure much higher
level of efficiency and stability.
We a r e a l s o p u r s u i n g m o r e
collaborations with the DisCos and
the GenCos, to ensure strict
compliance with the Grid Code as
regards the Free Governor
Mechanism for the GenCos and to
facilitate stable operations of the grid
as the uptake of more energy by the
DisCos is gradually increasing. I would
like to note that we cannot tell our
story without acknowledging that the
Ministry of Power has been quite
instrumental in creating an enabling
environment for us to do our job.
Q. TCN's strategies for more power
transmission?
A: Optimization and reinforcement of
the existing infrastructure to address
the identified weaknesses in the
system is our key strategy towards
delivering more power to the end-
users. While expansion is being
pursued to cater for new and future
demands, we would continue to
upgrade our network components
and build new substations and lines.
These are to increase our capacity to
move electricity more efficiently in

pag e 8 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A

KEY TO GRID
STABILITY
anticipation of more load up-take by
the DisCos. Recently, we completed
some new transformers installation
and reconductoring of lines in
different parts of the country.
Presently, contracts for several new
transmission substations and lines
are in the process of being
awarded while efforts are in top
gear to complete on-going
projects, including
reinforcement of existing
substations and reconductoring
of existing transmission lines for
higher capacity.
It is equally important to
mention here that scheduled
maintenance of the existing
network is religiously being
implemented as part of our top
priorities, and spare parts are
being stocked to ensure drastic
pag e 9
MAINTENANCE,
UPGRADE AND
EXPANSION:
reduction in downtime.
Q. TCN's short-term goals?
A: Our goal in TCN is not different
with that of the Federal Government, significantly reduce the number of
which is to wheel stable and quality grid collapses in the country. We are
electricity to all the nooks and
crannies of the country. We have in
“
Our goal in TCN is not different with
that of the Federal Government, which
is to wheel stable and quality electricity
to all the nooks and crannies of the
country. We have in place, a well-
articulated plan for grid improvement,
which we are already implementing
“
TC N œ M D /C E O
place a well-articulated plan for grid
improvement which we are already
implementing; this has enabled us to
also working hard to ensure TCN
attains the level of service delivery
that would be at par with
international best practices. Our
goal is to continue to reposition
TCN for optimal service delivery
while maintaining a well-
motivated and trained workforce.
Q. Challenges of TCN at the
moment?
A: There are some notable
challenges in TCN, which include
the need for a very functional and
efficient Supervisory Control and
Data Acquisition (SCADA) system
and Automated Meter Reading
System, poor budgetar y
T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 The issue of whether TCN should
be privatized has been an
ongoing discussion in the public
space. Even though I do not
advocate for the privatization of
TCN, the future has a lot of
unravelled mysteries, which could
make TCN's privatization the next
big step in the sector, but until
then, we are doing our best to build
TCN into a world class transmission
company comparable to any
standard grid.
allocation for government
funded projects. Other challenges
are delay in release of approved
budget, bottlenecks in the
processing of IDEC and other port
clearing documents and difficulty
in acquisition of land and Right of
Way for our projects.
Q. TCN Achievements from
assumption of office
A: We have recorded a number of
milestone achievements in the
last 10 months. They include the
successful transmission of an all-
time peak generation of
5,801.6MW in March this year as
well as recorded the highest daily
energy peak of 119,471.15MW.
Others are the implementation of
re-conductoring of Sokoto-
Birnin–Kebbi line from 70MW to
150MW, Ikeja West-Alimosho-
Ogba-Alausa lines from 120MW
to 240MW and the award of the
contract for the reconductoring
of Onitsha-New Haven line from
680MW to 1,320MW.
we also added 246MW at
132/33kV level by completion of
1x100MVA, 2x60MVA, 1x60MVA
and 1x30MVA projects at Ogba,
Gagarawa, Rumuosi and Iseyin
pag e 1 0
Substations respectively,
among others.
We have successfully
reduced frequency of system
collapse in the last 8 months
through ensuring grid
stability by recalibration and
reconfiguration of
transmission lines, we set up
a functional protection
department that efficiently
tackled transformers
protection schemes which
w e re f a u l t y , a n d a l s o
resolved a number of Way-
Leave/Compensation issues
across the country that have
lingered for many years.
Contracts and projects which
were under litigation and
stagnated have also been
resolved.
We have also made progress in
donor funded projects by the
World Bank (WB), African
Development Bank (AfDB),
Agence Française de
Developpment (AFD), and Japan
International Cooperation
Agency (JICA) which are at
different stages of
implementation, among these is
the Abuja Ring Project funded by
AFD and expected to address
green fields transmission lines
and substations aimed at
reinforcing the High-Voltage
Transmission Ring around Abuja.
Q. TCN's role in Presidential
Power Initiative involving
Siemens?
A: TCN, as a power sector
participant, would be one of the
beneficiaries of the Federal
Government initiative to improve
services in the power sector value
chain. We have made our
submission with regards to the
projects that we would want the
Siemens project to intervene in, in
line with our grid expansion plans.
Apart from engineering and
design support that we may
render to the SPV and Siemens as
the need arises, our role basically
would be to take over the projects
and operate them as part of newly
completed projects in the grid.
When they are completed, the
projects would further contribute
to our grid capacity expansion
efforts.
Q. Privatization of TCN, what
are your thoughts?
A: The Federal Government in its
wisdom privatized the Generation
and Distribution companies; I am
certain this must have been done
after consultations and with
regards to the Nigerian electricity
supply environment. Do not
forget that the business of bulk
electricity transmission all over
the world is very capital intensive,
much more than distribution and
generation. Moreover, our
terrains are quite challenging with
issues of vandalism, Right of Way,
illegal mining, insecurity, among
others, which TCN have had to
grapple with.
The issue of whether TCN should
be privatized in the future has
been an ongoing discussion in
the public space. Even though I do
not advocate for the privatization
of TCN, the future has a lot of
unravelled mysteries, which could
make TCN's privatization the next
big step in the sector, but until
then, we are doing our best to
build TCN into a world class
transmission company
comparable to any standard grid.
We are determined and are
diligently executing plans as laid
out in our Nigerian Electricity Grid
Maintenance, Expansion and
Re h a b i l i t a t i o n P ro g r a m m e
(NEGMERP).
T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 MINISTER OF STATE, POWER,
URGES NAPTIN GRADUATES
TO BE ENTREPRENEURS
By Stanford Nneji

Minister of State for Power
acquisition. The next step now, is
how all that you have learnt can be
translated to entrepreneurship”.
He noted that entrepreneurship is
key in the world today and urged
them to strive to be employers of
labour rather than job seekers by
exploiting the opportunities the
training presents to enable them
play a role in the ever growing
Nigerian power sector.
TCN and the DISCOs for their
support in mentoring the trainees.
Highlight of the ceremony was the
presentation of certificates and
award to the best graduate in
Generation, Transmission and
Distribution aspects of the power
sector value chain.
The NAPTIN Graduate Skills
Development Programme
(NGSDP) is meant for young

T
he Minister of State for
Earlier in his welcome address, the engineering graduates of
Power, Mr. Goddy Jeddy
Director-General of NAPTIN, Mr. Electrical/Electronics and
Agba, has urged graduates
Ahmed Nagode, said that Mechanical engineering. The
of the National Power Training
adequate training is imperative training provides them with
Institute of Nigeria (NAPTIN), to
especially in critical areas of requisite skills and knowledge to
apply the knowledge they
operation and maintenance, like be able to operate, maintain and
acquired during their one year
meter installation, cable jointing manage facilities in the nation's
training to becoming
and lines, to ensure that the power electricity supply industry. Two new
entrepreneurs in order to reduce
sector is built not just on local modules were introduced during
the rate of unemployment in the
content, but of highly skilled work- this training programme to ensure
country.
force that will ensure safety of lives the trainees are also equipped in
and equipment. the area of safety and solar PV
The Minister gave the
installation process.
admonition during his remarks
He expressed delight that the
via Zoom at the graduation
graduates had
ceremony of the first batch of
undergone intensive
2019/2020 Skills Development
practical training in
Programme of NAPTIN, held
generation,
recently at its Headquarters in
transmission and
Abuja.
distribution and are
now professional
According to him, “the Power
engineers that can
sector is very critical to our
a l s o o p e r a te i n
development, and as young
different areas of the
graduates, you all have gone
power network, and
through the NAPTIN one-year
thanked NAPTIN
graduate programme for skill
partners in GENCOs,

pag e 1 1 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 ENGR. ABDULAZIZ ADVOCATES FOR COMMON
POWER POOL IN AFRICA
MD/CEO TCN during the online Power Conference
F ollowing the unstable power situation in most
African countries due to insufficient energy
generation, TCN has advocated for strong synergy
among African power pools to address the challenge of
electricity in the continent.
The Acting Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer
of TCN, Engr. Sule Abdulaziz, made the advocacy when he
responded to questions after his presentation titled,
“TCN's Investment and Expansion Plans, Short and
Medium Term Priority Areas,” during the third Edition of
the Virtual Conference on Power Transmission in Africa,
organized by Global Transmission Report on Wednesday,
3rd February 2021.
Engr. Abdulaziz stated that African countries with
enormous potential for energy generation should join
hands with others, through their regional power pools, to
tackle the issue of power like their European counterparts.
He noted that under the Regional Electricity Market and
Interconnection in West African Power Pool (WAPP),
projects executed will be beneficial to member states.
Projects to be constructed include the WAPP North Core
330kV transmission line that would interconnect Nigeria,
Niger, Burkina Faso and Benin, and the 330kV WAPP
Nigeria – Benin interconnection reinforcement project,
among others.
Speaking on TCN's priority areas for the next few years
under Nigeria Electricity Grid Maintenance, Expansion and
pag e 1 2
By Eric Ephraim Ene
Rehabilitation Program (NEGMERP),
Engr. Abdulaziz said the program is
anchored on five pronged principles,
namely; Human Capacity
Development, Project for Service
Delivery, Maintenance for Service
Delivery, Integrated System Planning,
and Application of the Rules of Grid
and Market.
According to him, “This is a well
thought out program with the
objective of delivering quality bulk
electricity supply to Nigerians while
giving equal attention and priority to
all transmission lines and substation
projects across Nigeria under the
presidential power initiative”.
He further explained that under
Project for Service Delivery, TCN would give priority to the
completion of projects that have direct impact on DisCos,
GenCos and grid stability, while the maintenance strategy
already being implemented would help increase reliability
and decrease downtime as the company moves from
corrective to preventive maintenance.
Engr Abdulaziz further said that presently, TCN is building
as well as rehabilitating several projects in its network,
such as the reconductoring of existing 132kV lines,
including Ikeja West – Alimosho – Ogba – Ota line, Onitsha
– Awka – Oji River line, Aba – Itu line, Birnin Kebbi – Sokoto
line and the Kaduna – Zaria – Funtua – Gusau line. Other
projects include the rebuilding of dilapidated substations'
control rooms, upgrading of transformers, procurement
of new SCADA and communication back bone among
others.
He noted that some of these projects are being funded by
international Donor Agencies such as Agence Française
de Developpment (AFD), The World Bank (WB), African
Development Bank (AfDB) and Japan International
Cooperation Agency (JICA). TCN, he added, equally
implements projects funded by the Federal Government
and TCN’s internally Generated Revenue.
Expectedly, the company will benefit from the Federal
Government intervention projects through Siemens as
well as the West African Power Pool (WAPP)
interconnection projects.
T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 TCN, Borno State Mobilise to Restore
Power Supply in Maiduguri and Environs
...Foundation and Tower Materials Ready
By Ndidi Mbah
equipment/materials and
workforce were on ground and
tower fabrication work ongoing,
mounting tower parts proper, he
said, would commence at the sites
of the damaged towers as soon as
the new concrete foundations have
been properly cured.

While the vandalised towers

reconstruction was on-going, TCN
commenced the construction of a
temporal by-pass line for the
diversion of the line which would
more readily ensure supply to the
affected areas before the main
tower structures are completed.

From L-R: TCN Ag MD/CEO, Engr. Sule Ahmed Abdulaziz. ED TSP Engr. Victor Adewumi, The Borno State Commissioner for
Managing Director, Yola Electricity Distribution Company, Engr. Baba
Housing and Energy, Engr. Yuguda
Mustapha; Borno State Commissioner for Housing and Energy, Engr. Yuguda Vungas
Sadeh Vungas, speaking on behalf of
the Borno State Governor, assured
that the government would provide

T CN, with the support of the Borno State Government, has

mobilised resources to ensure the restoration of electricity
supply to Maiduguri, the Borno State capital and environs.

Electricity supply was interrupted following the damage of its high

the necessary support and security for the
work to be accomplished very quickly. He
emphasized the Borno State Governor's
commitment to ensuring that electricity is
restored in Maiduguri and environs.
tension towers T159, T160 and T161 of 330kV Damaturu-Maiduguri
Transmission Line in the North East by vandals. To enable her erect ...Temporary by-pass
new towers to replace the vandalised ones, TCN completed the Meanwhile, Acting MD/CEO of TCN, Engr.
construction of a new foundation for Tower T159, and equally Sule Abdulaziz, on Sunday, 21st February,
procured all the necessary tower members and materials for the 2021, inspected the site of reconstruction
replacement of the other two damaged towers, which are presently works of the vandalized towers at Jakata,
on ground at TCN's Baga Road Substation in Maiduguri. Work is Borno State, and the temporary by-pass
ongoing to make them ready for installation. transmission line project, which had
reached advanced stage.
On Saturday, 20th February 2021, the management team of TCN led
by the Acting Managing Director/CEO, Engr. Sule Ahmed Abdulaziz; The damage to tower T159 pulled down
the Borno State officials led by the State Commissioner for Housing towers T160 and T161 along the same
and Energy, Engr. Yuguda Sadeh Vungas, and the Managing Director transmission line route. Work on the by-
of Yola Electricity Distribution Company, Engr. Baba Umara Mustapha pass for temporary diversion of electricity
visited the TCN Maiduguri Work Centre for an on-the-spot preceded the permanent tower structure
inspection of the equipment/materials and ongoing fabrication work which is still on-going, and will take more
of the tower parts for the replacement of the damaged towers. time to complete. The temporary by-pass
was to ensure faster supply to Maiduguri.
TCN Managing Director/CEO assured that necessar y Materials, workers and combined team of

pag e 1 3 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 security personnel required at the site to facilitate work
on the permanent towers structure are on site.

…TCN Restores Electricity

Power supply was restored to Maiduguri, Borno State
and its environs, on Wednesday, 24th March 2021 at
about 3:51pm using 33kV HT poles as by-pass
transmission line constructed by TCN engineers to
enable supply to Maiduguri, while work is ongoing to
reconstruct the three vandalised transmission towers
along 330kV Damaturu – Maiduguri line.

Inspite of the activities of insurgents in Jakata, TCN

engineers consistently put their lives on the line to
ensure that the 330kV Damaturu – Maiduguri by-pass is Offloading of insulators and conductors
completed, even as they continue to work on the three
transmission towers that were vandalized.

…Again, Insurgents Strike

On the 25th of March, 2021, the Damaturu-Maiduguri
330kV Transmission Line was again vandalized by
insurgents, after TCN had made concerted effort and
restored power to Maiduguri, the Borno State Capital,
on 24th March, 2021, barely two months after the first
incident.

The incident which occurred at about 5.56 am, again cut

power supply to Maiduguri and its environs. The
insurgents also chain bombed two other towers; T152
and T153 along the same line route with the first
incident. TCN is however determined to restore
Conductors
electricity to Maiduguri and to any area so affected.

One of the damaged towers

pag e 1 4 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 COMPLETE AMASIRI
SUBSTATION PROJECT,
EBONYI GOVERNOR APPEALS TO TCN
By Eric Ephraim Ene

Dr Umahi who decried the

undue delay in the execution of
both projects by the contractors,
expressed unhappiness with the
shoddy manner in which the
contractor is handling the
project, noting that work had
ceased at the project site for
some time now.

In his words “I'm not happy with

what is going on in Ebonyi State
regarding the projects as the
contractors are doing practically
nothing. The one that should be
building the tower is playing
politics with us. If they are not
working, they should leave the
site”.

The governor said that the state

government will no longer
R-L; Ebonyi State Governor, Dr. David Umahi, MD/CEO TCN, Engr. Sule. tolerate delay by the
Abdulaziz and ED TSP, Engr Victor Adewumi
contractors, stating that the
state is prepared to seek for
o t h e r a l te r n a t i ve s i f t h e
contractor does not commit to

T
he Governor of Ebonyi State, Dr. David Umahi,
has appealed to TCN to direct the contractors
handling the ongoing 2x60MVA, 132/33kV
substation and transmission line project at Amasiri, to
fast track its completion in order to boost bulk power
delivery to the state, before the commencement of the
rainy season.
The Governor made the appeal when he led some
members of his cabinet on a visit to TCN on Tuesday,
9th February 2021, in Abuja, to request for support for
the timely completion of the projects.
speedy execution of the project.
Dr. Umahi assured the TCN Management that the state
government on its part is ready to do everything
within its power to assist in the execution of the
projects. He however appealed to TCN to include in
their budget the diversion of the ongoing 132kV
transmission line from the new Ebonyi airport site.
Responding, the Ag MD/CEO of TCN, Engr. Sule
Abdulaziz, also expressed dissatisfaction with the
progress of work at the site, noting that efforts were
being made to ensure that the contractors mobilise

pag e 1 5 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 back to site urgently.
According to him, TCN has made progress in the
payment of compensation to farmland owners and
appealed to the governor to jettison the idea of
termination of the contract to avoid litigation and
further delay of work. He said that the contractors had
already been warned and that they would resume
work in earnest and complete within the reviewed time
frame.
Speaking at the occasion, the representative of Fluor
Eurafric Engineering Ltd, one of the contracting firms,
Mr. Godswill Egbadon, enumerated challenges
Participants during the TCN/ Ebonyi State meeting
Don’t
be afraid to lose people,
Be afriad of losing
yourself by trying to please
everyone around you.
pag e 1 6
encountered in executing the project, but noted that
progress, however, has been made with the
completion of 59 towers out of the 100 contracted
towers.
The representative of NCEP Engineering Nigeria Ltd
(North China), Mr. Wang, on the other hand, said that
the execution of their contract has reached 72 percent
completion and that the equipment procured to
enable them complete the project was delayed by
IDEC issues which was resolved recently. He promised
to fast track and complete the project as soon as all the
equipment arrive the site.
T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 TCN is Working to Further
Expand the Nation's Grid
T CN is constantly repositioning itself to advance
operations in the private-led power sector, in
line with its mandate. Being at the middle of the
power sector value chain, it carries out the pivotal role
of evacuating power from Generation Companies
(GenCos) to the Distribution Companies (DisCos)
nationwide. TCN's jurisdiction on the network,
however, is from 132 kilovolt (kV) to 330kV.
Point load electricity customers are connected directly
on 33kV which TCN has no control over, except during
extreme emergency requiring operations crew to
quickly open such feeder to enable urgent resolution
of a problem.
Presently, TCN is implementing projects in line with its
Nigerian Electricity Grid Rehabilitation and Expansion
Programme, aimed at systematically expanding the
grid network. A visit to TCN's substations reveal huge
information on the systematic increase in capacity of
the national grid under the administration of
President Muhammadu Buhari, especially with the
record of four all-time peak in the sector in 2020, and
pag e 1 7
By Ndidi Mbah
another five recorded so far in 2021, the latest being
(5,801.60MW) recorded on the 1st of March.
Because electricity cannot be stored as power
generation, transmission and distribution occur
simultaneously, what determines what is put on the
grid is what the distribution companies are ready to
off-take. This equally regulates what the generator
would generate, which is why the DisCos are required
to nominate what they would off-take a day ahead.
As TCN continues to grow the grid beyond its current
capacity of 8,100MW by completing ongoing projects
(Brown field projects) and facilitating new ones
(Greenfield projects), what happens on the
downstream network impacts transmission plans to a
reasonable extent. This is because TCN can only
transport what is available (generated), and what is
generated depends on what the DisCos nominated. In
other words, DisCos can only off-take what is
generated, while GenCos can only generate what
Discos can off-take.
T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 In TCN's Abuja Region for instance, the company is incremental improvement in grid performance on
implementing the Abuja Feeding Scheme which is at TCN's part has enabled it continue to transmit
various stages of implementation. The project, which seamlessly all generated power to distribution load
involves the addition of five (5) new substations and centers nationwide. The company's successes is an
one 330kV transmission line, is ongoing. The projects indication of professionalism and best practices that
take between 3 to 5years to complete and will solve was brought in by the new Management in TCN.
transmission constraints in Abuja.
To better serve the 11 DisCos, TCN entered into
TCN is rehabilitating and reinforcing projects Service Level Agreement (SLA) with them, aimed at
nationwide. In Kubwa Substation for instance, one of ensuring proper synergy and effective service
the 60MVA power transformers which developed delivery via identification and execution of projects
fault is being repaired. Meanwhile, a brand new one that would further improve the grid and deliver
has been installed in the substation by TCN quality electricity to consumers across the country.
engineers. The transformer was commissioned on
the 2nd of March, 2021. This has added 46MW TCN, like every other participant in the value chain,
capacity to the substation which will take care of the has its own challenges. There have been repeated
load requirement for Kubwa axis and environs. vandalism of major transmission lines in recent times,
which the company promptly repairs any time it
TCN in recent times has taken a more responsive occurs. Vandalism is a social menace over which TCN
approach to serving the GenCos has no control; however, TCN is
in its upstream and the doing all it can with TCN lines
DisCos in its downstream, patrol department working
through effective in conjunction with
TCN can only transport
maintenance of the security agencies to
what is available(generated),
existing grid network while monitor the lines and
applying best practice in and what is generated reduce incidences of
completing ongoing low depends on what the DisCos vandalism.
hanging fruits projects to nominated. In other words,
improve the overall grid DisCos can only off take what In Abuja alone, between
capacity. is generated, while GenCos 31st of October, 2019 to-
can only generate what date, the region has
This approach paid off Discos can off take. witnessed 21 acts of
quickly as evidenced in the vandalism on 330kV and
seamless transmission of 132kV aluminum
multiple all-time peak conductors by unknown
generation recorded in the persons, and on each occasion,
sector within the last six months; 5377.8MW TCN has promptly replaced or repaired the lines. The
achieved on 1st of August 2020 at 20:30hrs, extent of damage on each line determines the length
5,420.30MW on August 19, 2020 at 19:15hrs, of time it would take to complete repairs. Recently,
5,459.50MW achieved on the 28th of October, 2020 the system lines maintenance crew of Abuja Region
at 20:15hrs and two days later on the 30th of October, replaced 2000 meters of 350mmsq aluminum steel
2020, the Nigerian Grid network recorded yet reinforced conductor on Gwagwalada-Westmain
another all-time peak of 5,520.40MW. 330kV Double Circuit (DC) vandalized by unknown
persons.
The Transmission Company of Nigeria on
Wednesday 6th January, 2021 and Thursday 7th On the outskirts of Maiduguri, three towers were
January, 2021 seamlessly transmitted another all- vandalized causing the towers to collapse, affecting
time peak generation of 5,552.40MW and power supply to Maiduguri and environs.
5,584.40MW respectively; on the 25th of February,
2021, it transmitted another all-time peak generation In Ughelli, Delta State, TCN Engineers recently
of 5,593.40MW; on the 28th of February, 2021, a new completed the repair and replacement of tower
peak of 5,615.40MW, and on the 1st of March 2021, members of towers 2-4 Delta – Benin – Ughelli
another new peak of 5,801.60MW was successfully double circuit transmission line recently vandalized
transmitted. This is an uncommon record in the by unknown persons. TCN has carried out the
Nigerian power sector, and the consistency in replacement work. The 68.4 kilometers line

pag e 1 8 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 evacuates electricity from Transcorp Power Ltd into the
grid.
Also towers 41 and 42 along the Benin-Delta Oghara
132kV double circuit line in Warri, Delta State collapsed
due to heavy rainfall. Repair work is currently ongoing.
The challenges notwithstanding, the management of TCN
is committed to improving the national electricity grid as it
continues to diligently implement its grid expansion
programme with projects which are at various stages of
implementation, from the reconductoring of the Ikeja
West - Sakete Transmission Line to reinforcing the Ugwuaji
to Apir Transmission Line, among other numerous projects
spread across the nation. TCN will continue to work
towards its goal of putting in place a standard and robust
transmission grid.
TCN engineers installing the new 60MVA power transformer
at Kubwa Substation
pag e 1 9
SERVICOM
HARPS ON NERC ENFORCEMENT OF
SERVICE DELIVERY IN POWER SECTOR
By Stanford Nneji
T he National Coordinator and Chief Executive
Officer of SERVICOM, Office of the President,
Mrs. Nnnena Akajemeli, has harped on the
need for the Nigerian Electricity Regulatory
Commission (NERC) to ensure enforcement of citizen
focused service delivery in the power sector.
Mrs. Akajemeli made the call when she presented the
SERVICOM 2020 Evaluation Report on NERC to the
former Permanent Secretary, Federal Ministry of
Power, Mr. Chinyeaka Christian Ohaa, in Abuja.
According to her, the objective of the meeting on the
evaluation was to ensure citizen-focused service
delivery and make recommendations from the
findings.
She explained that the report identified strengths
and weaknesses in the power sector with reference to
distribution companies. One of such strengths, she
said, was access to service points through provision
of signage in the forum offices, while one of the
weaknesses has to do with non-adherence to
timeline for attending to, and resolving complaints of
electricity customers.
She further explained that the report identified the
need to have periodic customer satisfaction survey to
check lapses in the system, and urged NERC to take
the report seriously and work with it to address areas
of weakness.
In his remarks, the General Manager, Consumer
Affairs, NERC, Mr. Shittu Shaibu, thanked Mrs.
Akajemeli for the SERVICOM 2020 Evaluation Report
and promised that NERC would work to ensure that
participants render services to Nigerians in the best
possible manner.
Responding, the former Permanent Secretary,
Federal Ministry of Power, Mr. Chinyeaka Christian
Ohaa, said the main aim of any government
establishment was to serve its citizens. He expressed
satisfaction with SERVICOM for taking the initiative of
going through the laws in order to implement
government policies and programs that are under
their mandate in the power sector. He assured that
the Federal Ministry of Power will give serious
consideration to the implementation of the
recommendations presented in their report.
 Transmission Grid Records
Fastest Power Grid Recovery,
After System Disturbance
T CN recorded the fastest recovery of the power
grid system after a partial collapse on Wednesday,
17th February, 2021.
The South-Eastern axis of the grid remained intact
during the grid disturbance, while affected parts were
fully recovered within 45 minutes, the fastest in the
history of the power sector in Nigeria.
The Ag. MD/CEO of TCN, Engr. Sule Ahmed Abdulaziz,
confirmed the swift recovery of the grid, noting that
TCN's system operators acted promptly to salvage the
situation.
According to him, “We had one system collapse late last
year and one partial collapse yesterday. The partial grid
collapse is the second time the grid is experiencing
system disturbance in the last eight months; this has
never been the case in the history of the Nigerian power
sector and is happening at a time when the capacity of
the national grid has improved. I can assure you that
pag e 2 0
stakeholders in the Nigerian Electricity Supply Industry
(NESI) are working really hard to improve services for
electricity consumers and also build on the
achievements we have made so far”.
The Ag. MD/CEO further noted that the grid recovered
from the partial system collapse within 45 minutes. This
he attributed to the commitment of President
Muhammadu Buhari and the Minister of Power, Engr.
Sale Mamman towards bequeathing an improved power
sector to Nigeria, noting that TCN is working towards
zero system collapse.
According to the Ag. MD/CEO, the company is gradually
completing old projects and also executing new ones to
further improve bulk power capacity delivery. “As we
speak, our engineers are working on the replacement of
corroded glass disc insulators on Tower 425 of Ikeja West
to Osogbo 330 kilovolt (kV) line; one of our contractors is
also reconductoring the Kebbi-Sokoto Transmission
Line”.
T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 REHABILITATION/RECONDUCTORING
OF IKEJA-WEST /ALIMOSHO/OGBA
132kV LINES 1AND 2, OGBA/OTTA
TEE-OFF 132kV LINE, AND OGBA/
ALAUSA 132kV LINES 1 AND 2.
By Tosin Olashinde

T CN is reconductoring the Alimosho/Ogba 132kV lines

1and 2, Ogba/Otta Tee-Off 132kV line, and Ogba/Alausa
132kV lines 1and 2. The line is being reconductored in
phases as follows: Otta Tee-off Ogba 132kV line; Ikeja-West/
Alimosho 132kV lines 1and 2; Alimosho/Ogba 132kV lines 1and
2; Ogba/Alausa 132kV lines 1and 2.

The 68.6KM transmission line supplies power to some parts of

Lagos and Ogun States. The reconductoring work which
commenced from Ogba 132kV end of the line, will terminate at
the Alausa end of the transmission line.

Implementation of the contract awarded in the first quarter of

the year 2020, started on 1st February, 2021. The capacity of the
old line was 90MVA, on completion of the reconductoring work,
the capacity of the line will increase to 125MVA. A total of one
hundred and twenty five (125) towers will be affected in the
process.

The reconductoring work will replace the existing low capacity

aluminum conductor with a special conductor with higher
current rating capacity; this will increase the transmission
capacity at minimal cost since the project would utilize existing
towers.

The project is slated for completion in twenty four weeks, from

1st February, 2021 to the last week of July, 2021.

Aside the advantage of carrying more bulk load to distribution

load centers serving Lagos and Ogun states, the new line will be
less prone to sagging.

The major challenges experienced in executing the

reconductoring of the line is the very high traffic in the areas
affected, and difficulty in getting outage permit from the
Distribution Company to facilitate line execution. Work is
however ongoing according to schedule and would be
completed by the end of July.

pag e 2 1 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 T CN is reconductoring the Birnin Kebbi
/Sokoto line to keep up with the
anticipated increase in bulk power
RECONDUCTORING
OF BIRNIN KEBBI
transmission and also tackle the issue of
lines constraints being experienced on that
line route.

The 140km Birnin Kebbi-/Sokoto 132kV line

takes supply from Birnin Kebbi 330/132kV
Substation to Sokoto and some villages in
Kebbi and Zamfara States.
-SOKOTO LINE
By Maimuna Isah-Ladan

The contract was awarded in the last quarter

of 2020, work commenced on 9th of
November same year and the project is
expected to be completed before the
middle of May 2021.

The capacity of the old line being

r e c o n d u c t o r e d w a s 7 0 M W, a f t e r
reconductoring, it is expected to increase to
150MW, doubling the current carrying
capacity of the transmission line.

Four hundred and five towers (405) will be

affected during the reconductoring works.

With the use of ACCC Aluminum Composite

Core Conductor for reconductoring the
lines, increase in transmission line capacity
is made easier and more economical. The
Aluminum Composite Core (ACCC) Gap
conductors has enormous benefits and
advantages over the old Aluminium
Conductor Steel Reinforced (ACSR)
conductor. The ACCC can carry twice the
load the ACSR carries, it weighs less and is
weather friendly.

Increased load will boost socio-economic

activities in Birnin Kebbi, Sokoto State and
parts of Zamfara State.

The issue of illegal structures under TCN's

Right of Way (RoW), and outage
management protocol, are part of the
challenges encountered during project
execution.

pag e 2 2 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 The Ag. MD TCN and his management Team

THE MANAGEMENT OF TCN VISIT SITE OF PROPOSED

SECOND NATIONAL CONTROL CENTER IN ABUJA
By Eric Ephraim Ene

A rising from the need to create redundancy and

in anticipation of further expansion of the grid
and the power sector in general, the
Management of TCN has disclosed plans to build a
second National Control Center in Gwagwalada Area
Council of Abuja, the Federal Capital Territory (FCT).

The Acting Managing Director and Chief Executive

Officer of TCN, Engr. Sule Abdulaziz made this
disclosure when he led some Management staff on a
site visit to Gwagwalada, Abuja, on Friday, 8th January
2021, for an on-the-spot assessment of the possible
location of the project.

Project Site
In his words, “Our purpose here is to check and see if
this site will be suitable for the construction of a
would have functional Supervisory Control and Data
second National Control Center like the one we have in
Acquisition (SCADA) system, Energy Management
Osogbo". Engr Abdulaziz said the civil engineering
System (EMS), and modern communication
department of TCN would further assess the site and
equipment compatible with international standards.
make recommendations to Management for final
approval.
He also noted that the new Control Center project
would be completed within 18 months and when
He disclosed that the contract for the execution of the
completed, it would complement NCC in Osogbo and
project would soon be signed as the Bureau for Public
help forestall breach in the system.
Procurement (BPP) has already issued a Certificate of
"No Objection" to TCN for the commencement of
work.

According to him, the new Control Center project

pag e 2 3 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 NAPTIN PROPOSES CAPACITY
BUILDING PLAN FOR TCN
he Management of the National
Power Training Institute of Nigeria,
NAPTIN, has called for more synergy
İ with TCN in the area of capacity
building to enhance productivity.
The Director General of NAPTIN, Mr. Ahmed Bolaji
Nagode, made this known when he led the
management of the company on a courtesy visit to
TCN.
According to him, the Agency was out to ensure that
industry players fully utilize the potentials of NAPTIN
in meeting their goal of human capacity development.
“I remember very well that the Honorable Minister of
Power and the Honorable Minister of State for Power,
have always enjoined us to work together as agencies
under power, to ensure that we collectively utilize our
potentials towards realizing the goals and objectives
of the power sector” he said.
The institute, he informed, has trained about 1,000
staff of TCN in technical and non-technical areas
between 2019 and 2020, and feedback shows that the
training positively impacted their jobs.
According to him, TCN staff that participated in the
training gained practical experience which has
positively impacted job execution. “This kind of
feedback”, he said, “is what encourages me to say that
there's always the need to build capacity to ensure that
L-R, ED-TSP Engr. V. Adewumi, ED-HR & CS Mr J. Dodo, ED-ISO Engr. M. Lawal, Ag MD/CEO, TCN Engr S. Abdulaziz
and DG NAPTIN, Mr Ahmed Nagode, Director Legal-NAPTIN Barr. K Oyenusi
pag e 2 3
By Stella Ejikonye
TCN and other companies in the power sector deliver
more effectively on their mandate”.
Mr. Nagode further explained that NAPTIN, as a center
of excellence, also trains staff of other power utilities in
the African Sub-Region, including the West African
Power Pool (WAPP) and assured Management of their
readiness to tailor training schemes to fit TCN's
capacity building requirement.
Responding, the Ag. MD/CEO, TCN, Engineer Sule
Ahmed Abdulaziz, said the visit was strategic, as the
current management was in the process of concluding
its training plan for the year 2021 which is focused on
specific skills set to further build required capacity. He
directed the Human Resources Division to liaise with
NAPTIN to properly streamline training for the year.
The Executive Director, Human Resources and
Corporate Services at TCN, Barr. Justin Ishaya Dodo, in
his response, said that TCN Management is committed
to implementing the capacity building policy of the
company and assured NAPTIN of TCN's support for
structured and impactful training.
Also speaking, the Executive Director, Independent
System Operator, Engr. Maman Lawal, stressed the
need for quality training for the power sector and
emphasized the need for NAPTIN to liaise with TCN's
training department in order to put in place a
meaningful programme for the company.
T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 TCN
ENGINEERS
INSTALL AND ENERGIZE

40MVA
TRANSFORMER
The new 330kV reactor

AND 330kV REACTOR

By Uloma Osuagwu

T CN has again successfully installed and energized a

40MVA, 132/33kV power transformer and a new R2
75MVAR 330kV Reactor at the Yauri and Jos
transmission substations respectively.
The newly commissioned 40MVA 132/33kV power
transformer brings the capacity of Yauri Substation capacity
to 80MVA. With the new transformer, the substation now
has six outgoing 33kV feeders, four of the feeders, the Yauri,
Koko, Zuru and Ingaski feeders are now in service while two
others are for future demand by Kaduna Electricity
Distribution Company.
The Yauri 2x40MVA 132/33kV Substation project was
awarded in 2007. However, the inability of the contractor to
complete the project caused TCN to take over the project,
and TCN engineers installed the first 40MVA transformer
which was successfully commissioned in 2019. To further
boost bulk power in the area, TCN engineers equally
installed and commissioned the second 40MVA power
transformer which was energized on Thursday 18th March,
2021.
The new transformer has upgraded the substation capacity
by 32MW and consequently improved bulk power supply to
the southern part of Kebbi State, through Kaduna Electricity
Distribution Company.
The new 40MVA transformer
In the same vein, TCN engineers have installed a new R2
75MVAR 330kV Reactor at the Jos 330/132/33kV
Transmission Substation which was also commissioned
on the 18th of March, 2021. The new reactor will
complement the existing R1 75MVAR 330kV in the
substation.
With two standard reactors in place at the substation,
TCN now transmits stable and quality voltage to Plateau,
Bauchi, Gombe and parts of Benue, Taraba, Yobe and
Kaduna States.
The Yauri and Jos Substations projects are part of projects
articulated in TCN's Nigerian Electricity Grid
Maintenance, Expansion and Rehabilitation Programme
(NEGMERP), and TCN intends to continue to ensure the
diligent implementation of the projects which is geared
towards putting in place a robust and very efficient grid.

pag e 2 5 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 BRAND NEW 60MVA
POWER TRANSFORMER COMMISSIONED
IN KUBWA SUBSTATION
The brand new 60MVA transformer
A brand new 60MVA 132/33kV power transformer
has been successfully installed and energized
Kubwa Transmission Sub-station, Abuja.
During an on-the-site visit to the Kubwa Substation, the
Executive Director, Transmission Service Provider, (TSP),
Engr. Victor Adewumi, commended TCN in-house
engineers who carried out the installation for their
relentless effort in ensuring that the transformer was
installed and energised on time. He noted management's
commitment to improving bulk power delivery to Abuja
and the entire nation, pointing out that TCN engineers
were currently installing transformers in different
substations nationwide.
Engr Adewumi further informed that in Abuja, TCN is
presently executing substations and line projects aimed
at improving bulk power delivery to the Federal Capital
Territory (FCT), and noted that the projects when
completed will add two 330kV sub-stations and three
132/33kV sub-stations to Abuja. The project, he said, will
also add another transmission line to the two existing
ones supplying Abuja. This would upgrade line supply
into Abuja to N-2 status for guaranteed power supply.
He said that TCN has delivered another 60/66MVA power
transformer to Kumbotso Substation in Kano, while a
pag e 2 6
By Grace Sambe-Jauro
Third Left, ED TSP, Engr. Victor Adewumi during the site visit
30MVA mobile transformer has been moved to the
new Bichi Substation in the state. Both transformers are
currently being installed.
In his remarks, the Regional Transmission Manager,
Abuja Region, Engr. Ali Sharifai, said that TCN has
capable in-house engineers with exceptional technical
skills, and that over the time, in-house engineers have
continued to install transformers that have enhanced
TCN’s capacity.
Speaking also, the transformer installation team lead,
Engr. Ramat Musa, revealed that it was an exciting time
for the engineers as they coupled and installed the
transformer, and noted that TCN engineers are team
players, enthusiastic in learning and are ready to
exceed management’s expectations.
The installed transformer has 33kV feeders; the Dam,
Dawaki and Deidei feeders and all of them are in circuit
carrying a cumulative load of 21MW. The transformer
has added 48MW to the capacity of the substation and
is now more able to meet the increasing demands of
AEDC through the substation.
T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 FG Approves Contracts for Three
Transmission Sub-Stations &
Transmission Lines Extension
By Grace Sambe-Jauro

T he Federal Executive
Council (FEC), has
a p p r o v e d t h e
construction of three
transmission sub-stations, two
in Kano State and one in Benue
State, and the extension of
transmission lines in Abia and
Imo States.

The Minister of Power, Engr.

Mamman Sale, made the
disclosure after the 37th virtual
federal cabinet meeting
presided over by President
Muhammadu Buhari, on
Wednesday, 10th March 2021,
in the State House, Abuja.

According to him, the

breakdown of cost implication
for those projects show that the
extension of transmission lines
in Abia and Imo States will be
executed at the cost of
$506,324.40 plus N34,034,000 Minister of Power, Engr. Sale Mamman
local content, while the
proposed sub-station in Zaki- more power is being produced compared to what is
Biam, Benue State will cost $8.6 million with local being wheeled out. “So, what he has been doing
content put at N2.08 billion. The cost of the substation recently, is to improve the capacity of the Transmission
in Bichi in Kano State is $9.6 million plus N1.7 billion Company of Nigeria (TCN), to transmit more power.
local content, while that of the substation in Kanyi, So, all these contracts are about improving the
Kano State is $9.5 million plus N1.7 billion local capacity of TCN so that when electricity is produced, it
content. will get to our homes.”

Engr. Mamman further explained that the Ministry of
Power embarked on these new projects as part of
efforts aimed at expanding the national grid for
sustainable supply of electricity, and to improve the
wheeling capacity of TCN.
Validating the Minister's position, the Minister of
Information and Culture, Mr. Lai Mohammed said,
“You see, before now, there's been complaints that
Commenting on the development, the Ag. MD/CEO of
TCN, Engr. Sule Abdulaziz noted that the approval of
funds for the substation and line projects further
shows that the Federal Government was bent on
ensuring incremental expansion of the capacity of the
nation's transmission grid in line with its plan for the
sector. He expressed appreciation to the Federal
government and pledged to ensure the timely delivery
of the projects by the contractors.

pag e 2 7 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 ENUGU REGION STAFF ATTEND
SLA SENSITIZATION WORKSHOP
T he staff of Enugu Region of TCN recently
participated in a Service Level Agreement
workshop aimed at sensitizing staff on the
proper implementation of service level agreement for
improved and more efficient service delivery.
The Regional Transmission Manager Enugu Region,
Engr Emmanuel Nwani, in his opening remarks said
that the sensitization programme was necessary for
both technical and non-technical staff as everyone in
the region has a role to play in improving the quality of
services rendered to the distribution companies. He
enjoined participants to be attentive to ensure that
they understand and key into the goal of the
sensitization programme.
Addressing participants, the leader of the SLA
sensitization team and the General Manager
(Engineering) TCN, Engr. Geoffrey Nwokoye, advised
participants to see themselves as referees in the
implementation of Service Level Agreements and to
take their jobs more seriously to enhance system
maintenance and grid balance.
Participants at the workshop
pag e 2 8
By Mary Philip Udom
Engr. Nwokoye who defined SLA as improved service
delivery to end users of electricity, said that the
concept should not evoke apprehension, rather, the
determination to play ones's role efficiently in a
proactive manner, bearing in mind that TCN as the
leader and strongest link in the Nigerian Electricity
Supply Industry (NESI) should equally lead by
example.
He emphasized that the SLA was majorly aimed at
addressing interface problems between TCN and
DisCos, and called for attitudinal change to work, such
as maintaining good record of data for proper
accountability of energy wheeled. He further informed
that any lapse on the side of TCN in fulfilling its part of
the agreement would attract monetary penalty. Engr.
Nwokoye advised the AGMs of the Sub Regions to
extend the campaign to their various work centres and
effectively supervise them to ensure compliance.
The main presentation during the programme which
was held on Monday, 1st March 2021, was titled
“TCN's obligations, violations and penalties”, by Barr.
Zainab Saka Abdulrahim AGM (Legal). Participants
T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 TCN engineers replacing insulators
BENIN REGION REPLACES
GLASS INSULATORS
T he Benin Region of TCN has embarked on the
replacement of glass insulators on live
transmission lines with composite insulators
along tower 403, on Benin- Egbin-Ikeja West 330kV
double circuit line in Ondo State, to enhance
evacuation of bulk power on the grid.
The Assistant General Manager, Live line, Engr.
Abdulahi Sule, made this known when he played host
to his colleague, the Assistant General Manager,
Transmission, Omotosho Sub–Region, Engr. Nuhu
Abdulraheem, on Tuesday, 8th March 2021, in Benin,
Edo State. The meeting strategized on the
methodology to adopt in efficiently replacing
detached insulators on live lines along Ondo axis.
Speaking during the meeting, Engr. Sule explained
that Benin Region had embarked on replacing glass
insulators with composite insulators as a result of
corrosion which sometimes causes the glass insulators
to detach from conductors. He noted that air pollution
and salty rain witnessed regularly in the area are the
major causes of corrosion of glass insulators.
According to him, TCN management considered it
wise to replace the glass insulators with composite
insulators to solve the problem of corrosion. He noted
pag e 2 9
By Rufus Imafidon
that glass insulators were easily affected by weather
conditions, while composite insulators are more
weather friendly, and can withstand all weather
conditions.
Engr. Sule further informed that TCN's live line crew
has been detailed to tackle the job. The crew, he said, is
very experienced and would efficiently replace the
conductors to solve the challenge of corrosion which
causes the drooping of conductors.
In his remarks, the Assistant General Manager,
Transmission, Omotosho Sub-Region, Engr. Nuhu
Abdulraheem, revealed that the Omotosho lkeja West
330kV Lines had four detachments on the same spot
within a month last year, which informed the exercise.
The complete change of the insulators, he noted,
would permanently solve the corrosion problem.
Engr. Abdulraheem further explained that the ongoing
replacement work would affect about 500 towers
along the Benin-Egbin-Ikeja West 330kV transmission
lines. He said that the exercise would impact positively
on TCN's wheeling capacity in the region while at the
same time, ensure that the conductors are properly
separated and secured.
T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 TCN COMPLETES NEW TOWER,
RECOVERS SECOND 600MW
EGBIN-AJAH TRANSMISSION LINE
T CN recently completed the construction of a
new transmission tower in Ajah, Lagos, and also
strung the old and a new 330kilovolts Egbin -
Ajah transmission lines.
energized.
Both lines have been
The new line increased the transmission lines capacity
on that line route by 600 megawatts (MW) bringing it
to a total of 1,200MW. The old line was re-energized
on Saturday 13th March, 2021 while the new line was
energized on Monday 15th March, 2021.
Prior to resuscitation of the second Egbin-Ajah
Transmission Line, the Ajah 330/132/33kV Substation
operated through a single circuit 330kV transmission
line, after the second line was isolated in 2013 due to
Ajah GIS Substation insulation failure. Within the
period, the lone 330kV line had a maximum capacity of
600MW, but with the resuscitation of the second
330kV line and the diversion of both lines along the
new tower line route, the transmission lines capacity
doubled.
TCN has fulfilled the N-1 reliability criteria on that line
route with the additional 330kV transmission line, and
equally provided redundancy. Each of the lines can
therefore serve as 'back-up' for the other during
maintenance; this has increased transmission
efficiency and reduced downtime on that line route.
The 13.8 kilometre transmission line receives power
pag e 3 0
By Ndidi Mbah
supply from Egbin 330kV Transmission Substation and
supplies the Ajah 330kV Substation, Lekki 330kV
Substation, and Alagbon 330kV Transmission
Substation.
The additional 330kV transmission line, equally means
that more bulk power is now supplied to the
substations of Eko Electricity Distribution Company
taking supply from the listed transmission substations.
…HISTORY
The 330kV GIS Ajah was commissioned about 36 years
ago (1985) in December 2013; the Substation had
insulation failure which affected four (4) of its chambers
and associated Egbin-Ajah 330kV transmission Line.
Since then, the Line was isolated from the terminal
equipment.
The insulation failure which affected the line, equally
resulted in a 150MVA, 330/132/33kV Power
Transformer becoming redundant in the substation.
As an interim measure, TCN Management decided to
divert the Egbin-Ajah line to the proposed Omotosho/
Epe 330kV Line, pending the complete rehabilitation of
the GIS chambers. This gave birth to the construction of
330kV terminal Tower at Ajah Station, necessary to
string the transmission line conductors through the
terminal gantry to the new Omotosho-Ajah 330kV bay
at Ajah Sub Station.
T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 ISO-TCN REGIONAL
OPERATION MANAGERS

ROM OSOGBO REGION Mr. Olaniyi Yisa Gbadebo is the Regional Operations Manager (ROM) Osogbo.
Prior to this, he was the Regional Operations Coordinator (ROC), Osogbo RCC.
He holds a BSC in Accounting from University of Lagos and HND in Electrical
Electronics from Osun State College of Technology Esa-Oke.
He is an experienced Electrical Operator who has passed through K1-K5 from
Professional Skill Training Centre, Kainji and as well as Senior Electrical Operator
Course and other System Operator Courses.
He attended several Workshops for System Electrical Operators and served in a
good number of Committees.

Engr. Wasiu Adedeji Tijani is the Regional Operations Manager (ROM) Benin
Region. Prior to his appointment, Engr. Wasiu Tijani was the Assistant General
ROM BENIN REGION
Manager (AGM) – Corporate Planning, at Lagos Region.
Engr. Wasiu Tijani holds a Master's Degree, MBA (Production and Operations
Management) from Lagos State University, Post Graduate Diploma and a Higher
National Diploma in Electrical/Electronics from the Federal University of
Technology, Akure, and Ibadan Polytechnic respectively.
He is a member of Nigerian Society of Engineers (NSE), Nigerian Institute of
Management (NIM), Council for the Regulation of Engineering in Nigeria
(COREN), and Member, Certified, Project Management Professional (PMI, USA).

ROM BAUCHI REGION

Engr. Muhammad Nasir Umar is the Regional Operations Manager (ROM)
Bauchi Region. Prior to his appointment, Engr. Muhammad Nasir Umar was the
Principal Manager (Communications) supervising the installation and
commissioning of all communication equipment within Kano, Dutse, Azare and
Gombe Transmission Substations.
Engr. Nasir Umar holds a Higher National Diploma (Electrical Engineering) from
Kaduna State Polytechnic.
He is a member of Nigerian Association of Technologists in Engineering (NATE)
and the Council for the Regulation of Engineering in Nigeria (COREN).

pag e 3 1 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 ISO-TCN REGIONAL
OPERATION MANAGERS

ROM ABUJA REGION Engr. Sobande Adekoyejo Oladipo is the Regional Operations Manager (ROM),
Abuja Region. Before his appointment, he was the Assistant General Manager,
NCC, SCADA and RTU Maintenance NCC and the Technical Head, Operation and
Maintenance of TCN SCADA and RTU networks and adaptation writing for TCN
grid.
He had earlier served as the Team Lead and Technical Support, TCN SCADA
Reactivation Project. He holds a B.Sc in Electronic and Electrical Engineering,
specialized in High Voltage Engineering from the then University of Ife, Ile Ife.

He is a Fellow of the Nigerian Institute of Power Engineers (NIPE), and Corporate

Member, Nigerian Society of Engineers (NSE).

Engr. Joseph Johnson Olugbenga is the Regional Operations Manager (ROM),

Lagos Region. Prior to his appointment, Engr. Joseph Johnson Olugbenga was the
Principal Manager (Communications), Lagos Region, where he brought to bear
ROM LAGOS REGION
his experience in the installation and maintenance of power systems
communication equipment in the region.

Engr. Joseph J. Olugbenga, holds a Masters in Business Administration, from the

University of Calabar, a Post Graduate Diploma (PGD) in Electronics and
Computer Engineering, from Lagos State University and Higher National Diploma
(H. N. D.) in Electronics from the Federal Polytechnic Bauchi.

He is a member of the Council for the Regulation of Engineering in Nigeria

(COREN), and the Nigerian Society of Engineers (NSE).

Engr. Sani B. Gwarzo is the Regional Operations Manager (ROM) for Shiroro.

ROM SHIRORO REGION Before his appointment, Engr. Sani B. Gwarzo was the Acting Assistant General
Manager Transitional Electricity Market (TEM). National Control Centre, Osogbo.

Engr. Sani B. Gwarzo developed the present frame work template of the Service
Level Agreement (SLA) signed between TCN and the DisCos. He also participated
in the review of Operational Procurement for System Operators.

He holds a Bachelor of Engineering (Mechanical) Degree and Post Graduate

Diploma (Electrical) from Bayero University Kano. He has attended many
conferences within and outside the country.

He is a member of the Council for the Regulation of Engineering in Nigeria

(COREN), Nigerian Society of Engineers (NSE) and Nigeria Institute of Power
Engineers (NIPE)

pag e 3 2 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 ISO-TCN REGIONAL
OPERATION MANAGERS
Engr. Agupusi Jude Ikechukwu is the Regional Operations Manager for Port
ROM PORTHARCOURT Harcourt. Before his appointment, Engr. Agupusi was the Principal Manager
(Communications), Benin Region, in charge of planning, installation,
REGION commissioning and maintenance of power line carrier equipment, optic
fibre and SCADA equipment.

Engr. Jude Agupusi holds a Masters of Engineering (Communication System

Engineering) and a Post Graduate Diploma (PGD) both in Electronics /
Telecomm from Enugu State University of Science and Technology, and a
Higher National Diploma from Federal Polytechnic, Bida, Niger State. He
has attended various local and International trainings.

He is a member of Council for the Regulation of Engineering in Nigeria

(COREN), the Nigerian Society of Engineers (NSE), and a fellow of the
Nigerian Institution of Power Engineers (NIPE).

Engr. Michael Ndubueze Nwagu is the Regional Operations Manager (ROM)

for Enugu Region. Prior to his appointment, Engr. Nwagu was the principal
Manager (Communication) responsible for coordination of all
ROM ENUGU REGION
communication equipment maintenance activities in Enugu Region.

He holds a Masters Degree in (Electronics / Telecomms Engineering) from

Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State and also obtained a
Bachelors degree in (Electrical / Electronics Engineering) from Enugu State
University of Science and Technology), Enugu State.

He is a member of Council for the Registration of Engineering in Nigeria

(COREN) and corporate member of Nigerian Society of Engineers (NSE).

ROM KADUNA REGION Engr. Abdulkareem Abdullahi Shafa is the Regional Operations Manager,
Kaduna Region. Before his appointment, he was the Principal Manager
(Regional Operations Coordinator, Kaduna Region), and also the Area
Control Coordinator, Gombe.

Engr. Abdulkareem Abdullahi Shafa holds a Bachelors degree in (MIT

Computer Science) from Ladoke Akintola University of Technology,
Ogbomosho in Osun State. He also obtained a Post Graduate Diploma in
Electrical / Electronic Engineering Technology from Abubakar Tafawa Belewa
University, Bauchi, Bauchi State and a Higher National Diploma in Electrical /
Electronic Engineering Technology from Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi State.

He is a member of Council for the Registration of Engineering in Nigeria

(COREN) and corporate member of Nigerian Society of Engineers (NSE).

pag e 3 3 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 POWER GRID TO GET 4,000MW WITH
ONGOING TRANSMISSION PROJECTS
T he Acting Managing Director of TCN, Engineer
Sule Ahmed Abdulaziz has said that the
company has acquired a new office for its
Project Implementation Units (PIUs), to enhance the
delivery of projects that would add about 4,000
megawatts wheeling capacity to the national grid
when they are completed.
Engr. Abdulaziz, while speaking about the PIUs and
the ongoing projects being executed during an
official visit to the office complex, said that it is a
specialized unit of TCN that ensures critical
transmission line and substation projects are
delivered according to specification, quality and time
frame.
He noted that the new office for the PIUs houses four
Project Units financed by donor agencies such as the
Wo r l d B a n k ( W B ) , A g e n c e F r a n ç a i s e d e
Developpment (AFD), the African Development Bank
(AfDB) and the Japan International Cooperation
Agency (JICA). TCN, he continued, has ensured that
the offices are conducive for TCN project managers,
pag e 3 4
engineers and support staff in line with international
standards.
The MD/CEO added that the project units are already
implementing projects that will definitely add to TCN's
8,100MW grid capacity. He noted that proper
organization of the PIUs is to promote efficiency in line
with the goal of TCN management, pointing out that
management was also making the same effort in the
mainstream TCN which had enabled the company
successfully transmit successive all-time generation
peaks recently.
Explaining further, the General Manager and
Coordinator of the PIU office at TCN, Engineer Joseph
Ciroma, said that presently, there are so many ongoing
projects being supervised by the PIUs such as the Abuja
Feeding Scheme, among others.
The AFD-funded Abuja high voltage transmission
feeding scheme is currently ongoing, all the six
contracts under the project are effective. The project
will bring an additional 330kilovolts (kV) transmission
T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A

line through Lafia, bringing to three the source of
bulk power transmission into Abuja. The new Lafia
line is a green field (new) project. Also, the project
will build five new transmission substations in the
FCT, comprising two number 330kV substations
and three number 132kV substations, all part of
the ongoing Abuja Feeding Scheme project being
executed simultaneously alongside the 330kV
transmission line.
The additional bulk power supply into Abuja will
ensure reliability and availability of power supply
in the Federal Capital Territory.
The World Bank project unit, Ciroma said, will
address a nationwide transmission upgrade, and
that over 30No power transformers will be
affected during the substations upgrade. He
noted that 30MVA transformers will be replaced
with 60MVA and 100MVA, depending on the
planned capacity upgrade for the substation. The
30MVA transformers that would be removed, he
said, would be installed in areas with lower
electricity demand. This will invariably add to the
capacity of the network.
The African Development Bank (AfDB) project unit
on the other hand, is working on strengthening
the 330kV Alaoji (Abia State) to Onitsha (Anambra
State) transmission line. The line currently
evacuates only 400MW of power but after the line
is reconductored, its capacity would increase to
1200MW which is three times the current capacity.
AfDB would also fund a new transmission line
from Benin to Delta to increase power evacuation
on that line route from 400MW to 1200MW, and
also another new 1200MW capacity transmission
line that would complement the 400MW capacity
line running from Kaduna to Kano.
The JICA-funded project unit targets transmission
projects in Lagos and Ogun States where TCN will
build four 330kV substations, two 132/33kV
pag e 3 5
substations and four 120MW capacity 330kV
transmission lines. These lines will also connect the
West African Power Pool (WAPP) to enable Nigeria
export more power when the projects are
completed.
…The Archives
The first Project Management Unit (PMU) in TCN,
was created in 2003, as requirement for World Bank
(WB) credit. The sole aim of the PMU is to ensure
effective and efficient Management of projects,
without interference from TCN, in accordance with
world best practices. TCN has successful managed
and completed the following projects from the WB;
· The Nigeria Transmission Development
Project (NTDP) - USD100 Million between
2002 – December 2005
· National Energy Development Project
(NEDP) - USD180 Million between 2005 –
December 2012
· Nigeria Electricity and Gas Improvement
Project (NEGIP) – USD300Million between
2012 – December 2018
· Niger Basin Water Resources Development
and Sustainable Ecosystems Management
Project (NB-WRDSEMP) under Fed. Ministry
of Water Resources for the Rehabilitation
works in Kainji and Jebba Power Stations –
USD135 Million between 2007 – June 2016
Currently, the Nigeria Electricity Transmission Project
(NETAP) funded by the WB in 2018, with a credit
amount of – USD486 Million, is ongoing and is
scheduled to be completed within 5 years. The
successes recorded attracted several International
Donor Funding Agencies to fund other power projects.
TCN consequently created three (3) additional Project
Implementation Units (PIUs) to manage these loans.
These donors are;
I. Agence FranÇaise de Developpment (AFD)
Project – USD170 Million
II. African Development Bank (AfDB) Project -
USD210 Million
III. Japan International Corporation Agency (JICA)
Project – USD235 Million
The projects being implemented by these PIU/PMUs
are all linked to the umbrella programme of the TCN
referred to as Transmission Rehabilitation Expansion
Programme (TREP). The activities of the PIU/PMUs are
discussed next.
T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 Table 2.2. PMU/PIU Funding Sources
1. JICA FUNDED PROJECT
The project has recorded some milestone achievements
within the project preparation conditions, but has not
been made effective as fund is yet to be made available
by JICA for drawdown.
KEY PROJECT STATISTICS
The key project statistics for the JICA project are shown
in Table 2.3.
Table 2.3. JICA- Project Impact on Completion
2. THE AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK (AfDB)
The African Development Bank (AfDB) loan is about USD
210 Million and will finance the phase one of Nigeria
Transmission Expansion Project (NTEP-1), with projects
drawn in both brownfield and Greenfield from the North
West, South East and South South regions of Nigeria,
and cutting across Kano, Kaduna, Delta, Edo, Anambra,
Imo and Abia States. The project has met most of the
conditions for project effectiveness but no fund has
been made available by AfDB, hence no draw down has
been made on the project by TCN.
KEY PROJECT STATISTICS
The key project statistics for the NTEP-1 are shown in
Table 2.4.
Table 2.4. AFD Northern Corridor - Project Impact on Completion
3. AGENCE FRANÇAISE DE DEVELOPPMENT (AFD)
The AFD credit is about USD 170 Million with USD 40.2
Million as counterpart fund from FGN and is to address
green fields transmission lines and substations aimed at
pag e 3 6
Reinforcing the High-Voltage Transmission Ring around
Abuja.
KEY PROJECT STATISTICS
The key project statistics for the AFD Abuja Ring project
are shown in Table 2.5
Table 2.5. AFD Abuja Ring Project- Project Impact on Completion
ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING (ERP) –
Part of the proceeds from this credit is intended to be
utilized for the supply and installation of Enterprise
Resource Planning systems (ERP) and software. The ERP
solution is expected to further streamline TCN internal
processes for more efficiency and transparency in line
with international best practice. This activity is yet to
commence
4. NIGERIA ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION AND
ACCESS PROJECT (NETAP) – WORLD BANK (WB);
USD 486 Million
The Nigerian Electricity Transmission and Access Project
(NETAP) became effective in June 2019, and will close in
December, 2023. The credit is about USD 486 Million
with USD 4 Million counterpart funding from the FGN.
The selection of the projects cuts across the six
geopolitical zones of the country, and were based on the
Company's strategic goals for the network
reinforcement, and expansion plan to achieve
10,000MW to 13,000MW transmission wheeling
capacity.
Table 2.6. World Bank- Project Impact on Completion
T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 CONTINGENCY ANALYSIS OF ABUJA
TRANSMISSION NETWORK
Bemdoo Saka, Sadiq Thomas, Yekini Suberu Mohammed, Ismail Dalhatu Inuwa, Edith Ahiriame Aja, Suleiman U. Hussein

Abstract—This paper presents the contingency analysis for the Abuja transmission network using DIgSILENT Power
Factory software. The contingency analysis showed the results for the worst loading violations from the most severe to
the least severe case for both the base case and the case study contingencies. For the base case condition, the most
severe continuous loading condition was 200.2% while the least severe continuous loading condition was 93.7%. After
the reinforcement of the identified weak section of the network, the security and the stability of the network improved
greatly with the most severe continuous loading condition of 138.9% and the least severe continuous loading condition of
80.4%. Contingency analysis for Abuja transmission network was conducted to identify the weakest part of the network
and then take measures to ensure the stability of the network.

Index Terms—Contingency Analysis, Power Flow, Transmission Network

INTRODUCTION minimum per unit voltages of 0.921 and 0.399 respectively

Electricity is one of the major input variables for most
human endeavors and development. A constant and
reliable supply of electricity is an essential part of today's
complex societies. Countries all over the world are
expanding their power system networks in other to meet
up with increased demand and this is accompanied by
contingencies such as transmission element and/or
generator outages which may always cause changes in
both the configuration and the operating state of the
system .
Contingency analysis is the study of the outage of a
transmission and/or generation element such as
transformers, lines, and generators, and investigation of
the outage effect on the line loadings and bus voltage
magnitude of the remaining system. It is an important
analysis that is used in studying the effect of outage of
elements in power system security during operation and
planning. Contingencies may result in severe violations of
the operating constraints. Therefore, planning for
contingencies forms an important part of a secure
operation of the power system.
In a typical power system planning problem, security
standards may be used initially to select the reasonable
plans from draft scenarios suggested from the view point
of strategic policy called the first macro stage. More
detailed technical analysis such as contingency analysis,
fault analysis, and stability analysis, are applied in order to
check the feasibility of the plans.
were recorded for Jos-Gombe and Damaturu-Mambilla
line contingencies. In a related development, contingency
analysis was performed for Sudan National Grid and
weakness of the transmission system was detected, and
based on this, new reinforcements were suggested. The
new capacities ensured better power system security in the
case of single and multiple contingencies.
A methodology for choosing the best transmission
expansion plan using an adequacy-based security criterion
based on a contingency criterion was proposed. The paper
showed that in general, a stronger security criterion is
associated with a higher investment cost, but at the same
time, the operating cost may be slightly lower due to less
congestion on the grid. The paper concludes that the
modified security criteria can be used effectively for
transmission expansion planning in both regulated and
deregulated electricity markets.
The document assessed the reliability, stability and
efficiency of the proposed 10GW capacity 330kV grid and
the extent to which it provided solution to the numerous
problems that plagued the existing grid. From the result,
losses were minimized when the lines loaded beyond their
thermal capacity were replaced with double circuit
transmission lines. Similarly, the development, testing and
implementation of a fast automated process for assessing
power system performance following loss of two bulk
transmission elements consecutively (N-1-1 contingency
analysis) and simultaneously (N-2 contingency analysis).

EXISTING LITERATURE The approach described in this paper offers a flexibility to

Single line contingency analysis was considered for the
Nigeria 330kV post-reform grid to determine violations in
the network due to the individual contingencies using
power world simulator. The simulation result showed six
bus violations with a maximum per unit voltage of 1.166
using a generator contingency at Mambilla. In addition,
utilize various sets of system adjustments depending on
types and values of post-contingency limit violations. The
paper describes in detail the event that led to severe
depletion of transmission network in Eastern Regional Grid
leading to non-compliance of security criteria in certain
corridors (N-1).

pag e 3 8 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 An optimal contingency assessment model using two-
stage stochastic linear programming including wind
power generation was presented. The optimization
model was applied to find the best radial topology by
determining the best switching sequence to solve
contingencies. The proposed model was applied to a
69-node distribution system and the results of all
possible contingencies in the network were examined
considering three different case studies with several
scenarios. Two new contingency screening methods
considering impacts of distribution grids were
proposed. The first one was based on global power flow
and the second utilized distribution network
equivalence. The study concentrated on the
contingency analysis of the Sebeta to Kaliti transmission
line of the Ethiopian 230kV transmission network. The
outage of this line caused overload of the Gefersa to
Kaliti transmission line and made the system insecure
and unreliable. Analysis were conducted by considering
four scenarios such as a normal state, single line outage,
cascaded line outage and inserting Distributed Static
Series Compensator (DSSC) into the overloaded line.
The system became reliable and secure by inserting the
device in the most sensitive line of the network.
Contingency analysis and reliability evaluation of the
Nigerian power system was performed using the load
flow method. The result of this analysis was used to
determine the security level of the Nigeria power system
and suggestions were made on the level of protection to
be applied on the Nigeria power system with the aim of
improving system security. The N-1 reliable DC optimal
dispatch with transmission switching was analyzed. The
model used was a mixed integer program with binary
variables representing the state of the transmission
element (line or transformer). The IEEE 118-bus and the
RTS 96 system test cases were used. The IEEE 118-bus
test case was analyzed at varying load levels. Part of the
document showed that optimal transmission switching
as a congestion management tool was utilized to
change network topology which, in turn, led to higher
electricity market efficiency. Transmission switching was
formulated as an optimization problem to determine
the most influential lines as candidates for
disconnection.
METHODOLOGY
The contingency analysis was conducted using
DIgSILENT Power Factory simulation software. Different
330/132kV transmission lines and substations connect
the transmission network in Abuja, the capital city of
Nigeria. The following substations are under the Abuja
transmission network:
pag e 3 9
· Gwagwalada 330/132/33kV substation
· Katampe 330/132/33kV substation
· Apo 132/33kV substation
· Kukwaba 132/33kV substation
· Apo 132/33kV substation
· Central Area 132/33kV substation
· Kubwa 132/33kV substation
· Karu 132/33kV substation
The following transmission lines are under Abuja
transmission network;
·Shiroro – Katampe 330kV single circuit line
·Shiroro – Gwagwalada 330kV single circuit line
·Gwagwalada - Katampe 330kV single circuit line
·Lokoja – Gwagwalada 330kV double circuit line
·Katampe – Apo 132kV double circuit line
·Gwagwalada – Kukwaba 132kV single circuit line
·Kukwaba – Apo 132kV double circuit line
·Katampe – Kubwa 132kV single circuit line
·Katampe – Suleja 132kV double circuit line
·Apo – Karu 132kV single circuit line
The closest generating stations to Abuja are the Shiroro
hydro power plant and the Geregu gas fired power plant
which connects Lokoja – Gwagwalada double circuit
330kV line, Shiroro – Gwagwalada 330kV single circuit
line, and Shiroro – Katampe 330kV single circuit line. The
base case and the case study contingencies will be
studied in the next section.
A. The Base Case Contingency Analysis
The base case scenario represents the contingency
analysis for the existing network without any proposed
reinforcements in Abuja Transmission Network. The
power flow diagram in Fig. 1 shows that the 3 x 150MVA
transformers at Katampe 330/132/33kV substation, the
7.5MVA transformer at Suleja substation and the
Katampe – Kubwa 132kV line were heavily loaded as can
be seen from the red and orange coloring on the single
line diagram (SLD) in Fig. 1 below.
Fig. 1 Power Flow Single Line Diagram
T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A

Fig. 2 Colour Legend Block
Fig. 2 shows the colour legend block for the lower voltage
range, upper voltage range and line loading range. The
yellow colours shows the line loading above 80% while the
red colours shows the loading range above 90%.
Fig. 3 Power Flow Result
The power flow result in Fig. 3 shows a total generation of
603.33MW, total load of 575.50MW and system loss of
27.83MW.
Table I Contingency Analysis for Worst Loading Violations
Table I represents the contingency analysis result for the
worst loading violations from the most severe to the least
severe case for the base case network. The Katampe – Suleja
132kV line was ranked the most severe because the line was
loaded to 44% in the base case and 200.2% in the
continuous loading condition. Similarly, the Kubwa – Suleja
pag e 4 0
132kV line was ranked the least severe with 35.3% in the base
case loading and 93.7% in the continuous loading. Also, it can
be observed that the 3 x 150MVA transformers at Katampe
were heavily loaded to 117.9% and 173.8% for the base case
and continuous loading condition respectively.
A. Contingency Analysis (Proposed New Projects)
For the case study, contingency analysis was carried out for
the security assessment of the Abuja transmission network
with the following proposed new projects;
·Turn in and out the second Katampe – Kubwa – Suleja line to
double circuit
·Turn in and out the second Gwagwalada – Kukwaba– Apo line
to double circuit
·Install additional 150MVA transformer at Katampe
330/132/33kV substation.
Table II Contingency Analysis for Worst Loading Violations
with Network Reinforcement
The result in Table II shows that with the reinforcement of
Abuja transmission network with the new projects listed
earlier, the security of the network is greatly improved. The
most severe contingency in this scenario is the Katampe –
Kubwa line 1 and line 2 with a base case loading of 68.6% and a
post-contingency loading of 138.9%. The least severe case is
the loss of either of the 100MVA transformers at Apo
substation. The transformer loading was observed to increase
from 75.2% to 80.4% in the base case and continuous loading
respectively.
CONCLUSION
Contingency analysis was conducted for the Abuja
transmission network using DIgSILENT Power Factory
software. The Abuja transmission network consist of 330kV
and 132kV substations and transmission lines interconnected
to the National Grid.
Contingency analysis was studied for the base case, which is
the intact network, and the case study, which contains some
proposed new projects. The contingency analysis showed the
results for the worst loading violations from the most severe
to the least severe case for both the base case and the case
study. The contingency analysis carried out for the Abuja
transmission network was important because it identified the
weakest part of the transmission network. New projects were
proposed and the results showed that the security of the
system was improved in the event of any contingencies on
Abuja transmission network.
T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 e company
e w or ks by TC N engineers as th
Highlights of som bilitate and expa
nd the grid
continues to reha

1. Installation of 60MVA 132/33kV Transformer at Kubwa T/S

2. Installation of 40MVA, 132/33kV power transformer at Yauri T/S
3. Installation of a new R2 75MVAR 330kV Reactor at Jos T/S
4. Restringing of detached conductor along 330kV Benin-Egbin Line (T202)
5. Rehabilitation of T1 150MVA 330/132/33kV transformer at Yola T/S
6. Commissioning of new Akure 132kV line and bus-bar isolator at Akure T/S
7. Installation of new GT02 33/0.415kV 500KVA Ground Transformer at Rumuosi
8. Star Pipe Company 132/33kV Sub-Station was connected to the Grid via 30MVA 132/33kV
Transformer at Egbin T/S
9. Energizing of new KRPC (Kaduna Refinery) Feeder at Kaduna Town T/S.
10. Replacement of failed Siemens 33kV Circuit Breaker on Steel Feeder-2 at Benin TS with a new 33kV
Circuit Breaker
11. Commissioning of a new 110V DC Battery and Charger system at 132kV Control Room in Benin TS.
12. Restringing of detached Conductor (T119) along Benin-Egbin Line and (T168) on Benin- Ajaokuta
line
13. Replacement of failed Battery Bank and Charger with a 110VDC, 80A Battery Bank and Charger at
132kV Control Room in Delta, Yenegoa, PortHarcourt, Apir TS and Installation of new 110V D.C
Battery Bank at Calabar and Rumuosi TS.
14. Re-stringing of detached yellow phase conductor on Tower 192 along Ife-Ondo 132kV line
15. Replacement of faulty 132kV Circuit Breaker on TR2, 60MVA Transformer at Dan Agundi T/S, and
33kV Circuit Breaker on T4 132/33kV Transformer at Agbara T/S.
16. Installation of 132kV Circuit Breaker to restore back supply on Agbara/Ojo 132kV Line1 at Agbara TS.
17. Installation of 33kV CB on new feeder bay at Ondo TS, 60MVA 132/33kV TR1 secondary, 33kV MTN
Feeder at Dataka TS, Water Works Feeder at Old Abeokuta TS, Arewa feeder at Kaduna Town TS, Beta
Glass 33kV Feeder at Delta TS and H31 Feeder at Apo and Yola TS respectively.
18. Replacement of 33kV Vacuum EPZ1 line CB with a new one at Calabar T/S
19. Installation of 2No 330kV CT on 330kV Benin-Onitsha Line 1, 330/132/33kV Transformer at Ajaokuta
and Replacement of 3kV CB on TR13 60MVA 132/33kV Sec at Onitsha T/S
20. Installation of 48V Battery Bank on T2 40 MVA Transformer at Jericho, Ibadan

pag e 4 1 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 Management Commends
TCN’s Regional Managers,
Assures Provision of Equipment And Spare Parts
T he Management of TCN has
assured its regional offices
across the country of provision
of necessary tools, equipment, spare
parts and support to ensure enhanced
efficiency in their operations and
drastically reduce downtime.
The Ag. Managing Director and Chief
Executive Officer of TCN, Engr. Sule
Abdulaziz, gave the assurance while
addressing Regional Transmission
M a n a g e r s ( RT M s ) a n d G e n e r a l
Managers of Transmission Service
Provider (TSP), on Thursday, 11th March
2021, in Abuja.
Engr. Abdulaziz stated that TCN had
already procured some work vehicles,
spare parts, and major HV equipment
some of which were on ground and that
plans are ongoing to procure more. He
commended the RTMs for their support
and dedication to duty, and urged
them to keep up the good work, noting
that reward for good work is more
work.
According to him, TCN had made
significant progress in various areas of
operations since their last meeting,
with the completion and
commissioning of new transmission
lines and substations and other
rehabilitation projects across the grid
to enhance the company's wheeling
capacity.
He explained that improved and
efficient maintenance has also helped
in stabilizing the system, reducing
equipment down-time and ultimately
improving overall system performance
which is the main reason for the
consistent increase in peak generated
pag e 4 2
By Eric Ephraim Ene
that is successfully transmitted, and
maximum daily energy peak. “The
latest peak was 5,801MW on 1st March,
2021 and highest daily energy peak of
119,471.15MWH on 5th March, 2021.
This kind of progress, he said, can only
get better with the support of all.
Engr. Abdulaziz also disclosed that so
much has also been done in the area of
staff welfare and that efforts would be
made to further deal with other issues
pertaining to the staff.
He charged the RTMs to do more to
ensure challenges posed by trace
clearing is eradicated, saying that each
RTM would be held responsible and
accountable for the performance of
their substation as well as general
maintenance of all substations,
equipment in their regions. He harped
on the need to ensure quick resolution
to interface issues, especially with the
signing of Service Level Agreement
with the DisCos.
The Executive Director, Transmission
Service Provider (TSP), Engr. Victor
Adewumi, expressed appreciation for
their contributions in the area of
maintenance and transformers
installation, which enabled TCN
efficiently transmit the new generated
peak of 5,801.60MW to distribution
load centers nationwide.
He stated that the meeting will address
important issues that impact
transmission services, saying that there
is need for the RTMs to challenge
themselves in order to take the
company to the next level.
He revealed that the System Planning
department came up with a study on
how TCN can increase its wheeling
capacity from 8,100MW to about
13,000MW within three years through
projects execution.
While presenting a paper on “Grid
Capacity Development Study”, the
Assistant General Manager (System
Planning) ISO, Engr. Kabiru Adamu,
said that System Planning department
conducted the Grid Capacity
Development study to determine the
priority projects which will increase
wheeling capacities.
According to him, the result of the
study identified critical transmission
projects (transmission lines and
transformers on 330kV and 132kV
voltage levels) necessary for the
addition of every milestone. He noted
that the list of identified projects for
each milestone had a combination of
ongoing and proposed solutions from
different project packages to address
some of the critical constraints on the
grid.
In his presentation on Service Level
Agreement (SLA), the General
Manager, Programme Coordination,
TCN, Engr. Joseph Ciroma, disclosed
that 107 number projects approved in
line with the SLA with 11 DisCos, have a
proposed budget of N114.8billion
which has been sent to the Nigerian
Electricity Regulatory Commission
(NERC) for approval by Central Bank of
Nigeria (CBN).
The meeting featured robust
submissions from all RTMs on the way
forward which would ultimately further
strengthen the transmission network in
Nigeria.
T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 TCN CHARGES HYDRO GENERATION
STAKEHOLDERS TO OBEY GRID CODE TO ENHANCE
GRID NETWORK
Engr. Balarabe Abdullahi, GM NCC
T CN has charged the Hydro
generation stakeholders to
obey and respect the Grid
Code, and follow all operational
instructions from the National
Control Centre (NCC), to enhance
smooth operation of the national
grid.
The charge was made by the
General Manager, NCC, Engr.
Balarabe Abdullahi, during the 43rd
bi-annual hydro generation
planning meeting which was held
recently at the National Control
Center, Osogbo. Welcoming
participants to the meeting, Engr.
Abdullahi said the meeting was
Attendees of the Sensitization Planning meeting
pag e 4 3
holding at such an
auspicious time that the
power sector was
witnessing a stream of
transformation
initiatives.
According to him, the
meeting started over
twenty-five years ago
with the aim of bringing
the various hydro
stations together to
reconcile hydro data before the
operational planning meeting. He
described planning as an integral
part of reservoir management
particularly in hydro power plants
where daily monitoring of reservoir
is necessary for proper and
efficient operation. Reservoir
operation planning therefore, he
explained, “is a decision-making
tool in the process of hydro power
generation activities so that a near
balance between inflow and
outflow of water may be achieved;.
hence the importance and
necessity of such meeting, as no
reservoir is to be operated by trial
and error.
By Omideji Oluwakayode
Speaking further, Engr. Abdullahi
drew the attention of the
participants to the role of the
National Control Center as the
operational nucleus of the Nigerian
electric power grid, and NCC's
efforts to ensure effective
management of available water for
generation of electricity especially
by hydro plants, among other
functions.
He therefore urged the hydro
stations to cooperate with NCC to
ensure seamless operation of the
Grid for the benefit of everyone
and disclosed that there have been
reports of inconsistencies by
several hydro stations, including
making inaccurate day ahead
declaration etc, and charged them
to shun every act that will be
inimical to the progress of the
industry. The meeting addressed
several issues affecting Generation
and the National Control Center
(NCC) operations, with participants
agreeing on the need to make
specific changes towards a more
robust power delivery.
T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 ...Continued from last edition

THE UTILIZATION OF FACTS IN SOLVING

TRANSMISSION NETWORK ISSUES IN NIGERIA
S/N EQUIPMENTS NEW Table 4  : Cost investment table
120
1. 2 X 150MVA (USD 216,666,670.)
100
Transformers
80

2. 330kV Double circuit USD 0.22M/KM 60 Cost(Equip&Installation)

lines 40

20
3 2 X 300kV line bay USD 2,400,000
0
extension
UPFC New Transmission Asset

Table 1 : Transmission and Substation Unit Cost [2] Figure   : Bar chart showing Cost of UPFC and New
S/N E Q U IPM E N TS NEW transmission lines
1. 2 X 330k V D o u b le 88 ,00 0,00 0U SD
C irc u it Lin e s (200K M ) It is observed that using UPFC is far cheaper in this case of
2 2 X 300k V lin e b a y 2,400 ,0 00 U SD achieving better voltage profile at the various busbars in
e xte n sio n Lagos region compared to the other alternative.
3 C o n su lta n c y (3% o f 1 .) 2,640 ,0 00 U SD

CONCLUSION
4 R ig h t o f w a y 6,160 ,0 00 U SD
The following studies were carried out; load-flow analysis,
c o m p e n sa tio n (7% o f voltage stability studies and economic analysis on the
1.)
different cases. The cases are:
To ta l 99 ,20 0,00 0U SD · New transmission assets
· UPFC installation
Table 2 : Cost investment Table From the cases studied, the latter alternative which is the
application of UPFC was seen to be most beneficial in the
Case B following ways; least cost, mitigation of right of way issues
For case B, the following investments are made in as a result of which down time is reduced, improvement of
voltage profile on the busbar studied & de-loading of lines.
installation of UPFC devices at the transmission lines at
Egbin busbar connecting to Ikeja West substation. The
RECOMMENDATIONS
following costs are culled from the EPRI reports
The study shows good prospect for the future in the
regarding FACTS application.
development of TCN grid system but using FACTS devices
S/N Equipment Estimated cost Source of Year of does not eliminate the installation of new transmission lines;
kUSD/MVA(MVAr) Information Publication it gives more flexibility and control to how the power
transfer is managed. FACTS is not the solution to the grid
1. UPFC(shunt portion) 75 EPRI-TR-1064- 1996
645
but a part of the solution. The TCN 330kV grid system is
fragile with a lot of voltage stability issues due to
2. UPFC(series portion) 85 EPRI-TR-1064- 1996 concentrated generation in the south-east and south-south
645 regions of the country, and lack of generation in the north.
3. SVC 40 kEURO/MVA Realise grid 2011 The FACTS devices will give more flexibility of power control
draft to the north and less installation or reinforcement of
transmission lines, or delay part of the construction of new
lines. To achieve high sustainability, further studies should
Table 3 : UPFC Unit Cost Table [7] be carried out to determine the optimal location of these
FACTS devices to be able to provide the best possible results
S/N Type of Rating[MVA] Cost of
series
and reduction in transmission line construction which is cost
Controller
controller
beneficial.

1 2 X UPFC 185/185 59,200,000USD In general, for active power control, a series controller such
device as the TCSC or the UPFC is much more effective than a shunt
2. Consultancy 1,776,000USD connected controller such as the SVC. For reactive power
3% of 1. control, either the shunt or series controller will be effective,
depending on the specific case.
Total 60,976,000USD

pag e 4 4 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 ARE YOU
GUARDING
THE
CONCRETE
SLAB?
... An army barrack had four soldiers guarding a concrete slab in front of the barracks at all times.
Different commanders came and went but the tradition remained; the soldiers changed shifts guarding the
slab.

After 80 years, a new commander was assigned to the barracks.​ One of the things he did was to ask why things
were done the way they were. When he asked why soldiers were guarding the slab, he was told, We've always
done it this way. It's our tradition. Our former commanders instructed us to do that. The commander was bent
on finding out the reason for this practice.

He went to the Archives to look for answers and came across a document that had the explanation. The
document was very old. It had instructions written by one of the retired commanders who had even passed
away.
The new commander learnt that over 80 years ago, the barracks wanted to build a platform where events could
be performed. When the concrete slab was laid, wild animals walked over it at night before the slab could dry.

The soldiers would fix it the next morning but when evening came the same thing would happen. So the
commander ordered that four soldiers should guard the concrete slab for three weeks to allow it to dry.

The following week the commander was transferred to handle another assignment elsewhere, and a new
commander was brought in.
The new commander found the routine and continued to enforce it without asking any question. And since
then, every other commander that came did the same.Thus, eighty years later; soldiers continued guarding the
concrete slab. An assignment that was ordinarily designed to last just three weeks . . . 80yrs of ignorance with
hard labour has passed.
Are you carrying on obsolete beliefs, attitudes traditions/culture that were relevant to certain people or a
certain time?
What is your opinion about yourself, people of a different race, politics, certain business opportunities, new
products etc.?
You might just be guarding a concrete slab!
Without deviation from the norm, progress is not possible (Ignorance can make you work hard without
progress).
Find out why you do what you do. Change the way you work and be creative. Do new things, try newer ways and
always be open to Change.
Culled from the net

pag e 4 5 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 DID YOU KNOW ? ?
That the history of power industry in Nigeria would
be incomplete if the old Public Works Department
(PWD) of Government, which in 1896 installed the
first 60 kW generating set in Lagos, is not
mentioned.
that in 1895, preliminary investigation and planning
carried out by PWD in Lagos was at a cost of 3,206
pounds.
that in 1896, 12,000 pounds was allocated for the
establishment of the first power station which was
sited at the present location of former NEPA
Headquarters in Lagos.
that Mr. T. Rooke was the Chief Electrical Engineer of
this establishment, which was known as the Lagos
Electricity Supply. The power station operated from
6.00pm to 11.00pm daily and the maximum power
demand was only 24kW.
that in 1915, due to the extension of power to Iddo
and Ebute Meta areas, generating capacity
increased to 320kW. In 1921 it was further
increased to 420kW.
that in 1924, the two phase three wire 80 cycles
?
system was replaced with the three phase four
wire 50 cycles which is still being maintained
today.
that in 1929, Meter Section was established. A
two-part tariff was introduced as against the
flat rate hitherto being charged. Domestic
consumers paid 10p per unit up to a certain
number of units and 1.5 per unit for
consumption in excess.
that following an electrical exhibition at Glover
Hall, Lagos, during which the various uses of
electricity were demonstrated, consumer
population in the Lagos area rose from 1,560 in
1930 to 3,550 in 1932.
that the exhibition highlighted the fact that use
of electricity was not an exclusive preserve of
the rich but an essential factor in development,
and following the success in Lagos area, the
Government in 1926 started an electricity
development scheme throughout the country.

Late Engr. Mike Oyigbo, AGM (TS)
Enugu Region
FAREWELL
When the lights go out
for our loved ones, the memories
of their existence remain.
When like flowers they fall off the stalk, Late Mr Adetokunbo Ashogbon,
wither, disintegrate, become soil. SM (HR), Lagos Region
The pain from our loss, our helplessness
become our grief
But time like the balm, will in time
preserve in us the joys, dreams and
laughter’s we once shared
And in time we would come to realise
we were privileged to have loved
and be loved.

Late Mr Kingsley Ogedengbe, Late Mr Libi Gambo, Staff I (Security),

Offr. IV (Security), Lagos Region Abuja Sub Region

pag e 4 6 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 Quotes
If you are ruled by mind,
you are a King;
if by body, a slave.
-Cato the Elder
 S O C I A L S
BARAYA OF DUTSE
T he day 26th December,
2020, would not be
forgotten in a hurry as
the Emir of Dutse in Jigawa
State, Alhaji Nuhu Muhammed
Sanusi, with his entire council,
honoured one of their sons,
Alhaji Ahmed Isah-Dutse, the
Executive Director, Finance and
A c c o u n t , TC N , w h o w a s
turbaned as the Baraya of
Dutse.
The ceremony which witnessed
the display of rich cultural and
religious heritage of the people
of Dutse emirate, saw Alhaji
Dutse dressed in full regalia of
royalty accompanied by family
members, friends and
associates.
pag e 4 9
Mrs Onyinyechi Anozie, daughter of Mrs.
Johnson, (Manager), HR TSP and her husband
Mr Kabir Dembo, AM (ICT) ISO and his wife
The Emirate Council said the
turbaning of Ahmed Dutse was
in recognition of his
commendable contributions to
his community.
Speaking in an interview after Child dedication of Mr ifeanyi George,
the ceremony, Alhaji Ahmed Officer II (HR), Enugu Regional office
Dutse expressed his
appreciation for the
recognition and honour by his
Emir and community, and
promised to continue to do his
best in service to his people to
move the community forward.
TCN wishes the new Baraya of
Dutse success in all his
endeavours.
Child dedication of Mr Okenna Opara,
Officer III (MVD) Enugu Regional office
T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 TCN Management team led by Ag. MD/CEO, Engr. Sule Abdulaziz, during a visit to the Executive Governor of Borno State, to brief him
on efforts by TCN to rebuild the damaged towers in his state and to request additional assistance in terms of security for TCN Engineers.

TCN Management team led by the Ag.MD/CEO Engr. Sule Ahmed Abdulaziz, during an inspection of the TCN-PIU office complex
housing staff in charge of the WB, JICA, AFD and AfDB funded projects.

GM (Program Coordination) PIU-TCN, Engr. Joseph Ciroma accompanied by Project Manager, (AFD), Engr. Mrs Jane Okemini, other
TCN engineers and EPC contractor, on a visit to the construction site of the ongoing brand new 2x60MVA 132/33kV GIS
transmission substation to assess progress made in executing the project at Dawaki, Abuja, .

pag e 5 0 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 TCN Management and NUEE Executives in a National Joint Advisory Committee Meeting. Discussions were on issues that impact
capacity of the company and its staff.

(Standing), Executive Director ISO, Engr. Maman Lawal during a meeting with the firm engaged to assist TCN towards
compliance with the provisions of the Nigerian Data Protection Regulations (NDPR).

Training session for Finance and Account staff on Stamp Duty computation and recent development in the taxation
environment in Nigeria.

pag e 5 1 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 IN-HOUSE ENGINEERS AT WORK

TCN engineers working on the transmission line by-pass in Maiduguri

On-going work on 20/30MVA power transformer at the new 132 /33kV Bichi substation in Kano State

Replacement of corroded glass disc insulators on Tower number 425 at Ikeja West - Osogbo 330kV line.

pag e 5 2 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 RETIREMENT

Engr. Adebola Lamina Ishola, RTM Lagos Region. Mr. Adediran Fadahunsi, PM procurement TSP

Mr. Enyo Alexander, PM(F&A) TSP Enugu Region Engr. Adegun Aderemi Olanrewaju, SM (ICT) SO

Mr. John Onyeali Aliri, SM (Admin/Corporate Services) TSP Mr Babatunde Muriana, SM (F&A) TSP

pag e 5 3 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 Borno State Governor Prof. Babagana Zulum’s visit to the Min. of Power, Engr. Sale Mamman & TCN's Ag.
MD/CEO, Engr. Abdulaziz to solicit support for the quick repair of damaged & collapsed towers in Maiduguri.

Hon. Minister of Power, Engr. Sale Mamman, in a meeting with the Egyptian Ambassador to Nigeria, H.E. Ihab Moustafa
Awad. Discussions centered on ways to understudy the Egyptian model in the effective implementation of Siemens
power project

pag e 5 4 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 KNOW YOUR

SUBSTATIONS

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF

NEW HAVEN
330/132/33KV TRANSMISSION SUBSTATION

N
ew Haven 330/132/33kV Substation was In 2012, TCN engineers installed and commissioned an
commissioned in 1982 with 2No 150MVA additional 60MVA 132/33kV power transformer, bringing the
330/132/33kV power transformer s at number of transformers in the substation to four with the total
330/132/33kV level and 2No 15MVA 132/66kV and capacity to 180MVA (144MW) on 132kV level.
30MVA mobitra transformer on 132kV level. Located at
New Haven, Enugu, the substation gives supply to Enugu With the growing population and the increasing demand for
State, Ebonyi State, Benue State and some parts of Cross power in Enugu State and environs, the 2No 30MVA 132/33kV
power transformers were further upgraded to 2No 60MVA
Rivers and Anambra States.
132/33kV transformers in the year 2018, which further
increased the substation capacity to 240MVA (192MW).
The sub-station is fed from Onitsha-New Haven 330kV line
(T3H), Ugwuaji-New Haven 330kV Line 1 (H1U) and
TCN is in the process of adding another 150MVA
Ugwuaji –New Haven 330kV Line 2 (H2U).
330/132/33kV transformer to bring the total number of
150MVA, 330/132/33kV power transformers in the substation
In 1985, one of the 15MVA 132/66kV transformers in the
to three. The 2No 60MVA 132/33kV transformers will also be
substation was decommissioned due to a fire incident and
upgraded to 2No 100MVA 132/33kV power transformers,
in 1986, the remaining 15MVA 132/66kV and 30MVA
these would bring the total capacity of the new Haven
mobitra transformers were upgraded to 30MVA 132/33kV
substation to 450MVA on 330kV level and 260MVA on 132kV
power transformers. To further increase the capacity of the
level.
substation, a new 60MVA 132/33kV power transformer
was also commissioned in 2002, by TCN engineers. This
Other planned projects that would impact the substation
increased the substation’s wheeling capacity to 120MVA
include the New Haven – 9th Mile 132kV double circuit line and
(96MW).
reconductoring of the New Haven – Onitsha 330kV line.

pag e 5 5 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 THE NIGERIA ELECTRICITY
SUPPLY INDUSTRY (NESI)
SERVICE LEVEL AGREEMENT (SLA)
AS IT APPLIES TO NERC ORDER


Introduction to and overview of NERC Orders:
NERC/GL/195/2019 and NERC/198/2020a
NERC ORDER
A NERC Order is any interim or final command,
direction or instruction to persons as deemed
necessary in accordance with section 46 of the EPSR
Act 2005 which states:
1) The Chairman shall ensure that all Commission
decisions and orders:
o contain the basis for the decision or order;
o are properly recorded in writing; and
o are accessible to the public at reasonable times
and places.
2 The Commission shall issue written reasons in
respect of any decision or Orders affecting the
existing rights of any person, if the affected person
requests such written reasons.
3 The Commission may issue written reason in
respect of any other decision or Order as the
commission deems necessary.
4 Every recommendation, declaration, decision or
order of the Commission if purporting to be signed
by a person describing himself as the Chairman of
the Commission, or by a person describing himself
as the Vice-Chairman acting in the capacity of the
Chairman.
5 The Commission may make interim Orders
pending the final disposition of the matter before it.
EPSR ACT AND NERC
The EPSR ACT Section 32 (d) gave the commission
pag e 5 6
By H.B. Mohammed
the right to address the following:
· The provision of cost reflective tariffs
· Prices charged by Licensees are fair to consumers
· Prices charged by Licensees are sufficient
enough for licenses to operate efficiently, recover
their full cost, and obtaina reasonable return on
capital invested.
This led to the Commission in its Multi Year Tariff
Order 2.1 2015 to address the issue of Cost
Reflective Tariff in NESI.
MYTO 2.1 ORDER
MYTO 2.1 2015 Section 6 & 7 authorizes the
Commission to conduct biannual minor tariff
reviews for GenCos, Transmission and DisCos
considering the following variables:
o Rate of inflation;
o Foreign exchange rates;
o Cost of fuel (Gas price); and
o Actual available generation capacity.
This led to the Commission's MYTO Minor Review
December 2019, minor for 2020 to not only reflect
on the above mentioned variables but also DisCos
Minimum Market Charge Remittance.
OVERVIEW OF NERC ORDER NO: NERC/GL/
195/2019
The Commission (NERC) issued the NERC Order No:
NERC/GL/195/2019 also known as the “December
2019 Minor Review of Multi Year Tariff Order
("MYTO") and Minimum Remittance on Market
T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 Operator's (MO) Invoice for the Year 2020.” On the
31stDecember 2019.
The Orders therefore focuses on achieving
o Extra-ordinary Tariff Review in Nigerian Electricity
Supply Industry (NESI)
o Framework for Full Revenue Recovery in NESI
o Pathway to elimination of payment of Tariff
Shortfall by FGN in NESI
o Guarantee quality power supply, hours of service
and adequate metering
WHAT ORDER NO. NERC/195/2019 SEEKS TO ACHIEVE:
o Developing and implementing a framework
to manage future revenue shortfalls for year 2020
through a minimum market remittance requirement
to account for differences between cost reflective
tariffs and allowed tariffs in the settlement of invoices
issued by the Nigerian Bulk Electricity Trading
Company Plc ("NBET") and the MO.
o Steering the market towards gradual activation of
market contracts in line with the requirements of the
Transitional Electricity Market ("TEM").
c. All DisCos shall be liable for payment of
capacity charge computed on the basis of
their pro-rata load allocation in the Vesting
Contracts executed with NBET.
d. TCN shall be liable for the payment of
capacity charge arising from its inability to
deliver required energy based on the MYTO
load allocation to a DisCo.
o All DisCos are liable for payment of capacity charge
computed on the basis of their pro-rata load
allocation in the Vesting Contracts executed with
NBET, except it has been established that TCN was
unable to deliver the required energy based on the
MYTO allocation to a DisCo.
o This Order became the foundation for the Service
Level Agreement as it relates to Capacity Charge
payment.
pag e 5 7
NESI BETWEEN DEC 2019 TO MARCH 2020
o T h e 1 1 D i s C o s s u b m i t t e d Pe r f o r m a n c e
Improvement Plans (PIPs) to NERC for consideration.
o The PIPs
were
based
o n P l a n n e d
Improvement of Service to end user customers in
NESI
o The DisCos filed application for a review of their
respective end user tariff as path to financial
sustainability.
o TCN on the other hand, submitted an application for
review of rates payable to Generation Companies
(GenCos) with regards to Ancillary Service of Spinning
Reserve.
o To consider all these concerns, NERC held
consultations and public hearings with customers of
the 11 DisCos who thereafter, expressed willingness
to pay appropriate tariffs provided that there would
be quality Power supply, guaranteed hours of service,
and adequate metering.
o It is to guarantee a resolution of the concern of
the end user customer that the Order was made.
OVERVIEW OF NERC ORDER NO: NERC/198/2020
o The Commission (NERC) issued the NERC Order
No: NERC/198/2020 also known as the “Order on the
Transition to Cost Reflective Tariffs in the Nigerian
Electricity Supply Industry” On the 31stMarch 2020.
SUMMARY OF NERC ORDER
o All future tariff review shall be on the basis of
consultation between the DisCos and Customer
clusters with firm commitments on rates and quality
of service.
o All DisCos shall be required to disaggregate
their respective service areas and/or customers in
accordance with quality of service and supported by a
proposal for “Service Reflective” tariff classes that
shall be graduated by quality.
o Every DisCos will have to earn its revenue
targets as approved by the Commission to access
tariff support on the under recovery of revenue
during the transition period to full revenue recovery
ending 30thJune 2021.
o This is a strategy of FGN commitment towards
resolving tariff related deficit in NESI, which in turn
will raise financing for associated investment
required to improve service delivery.
T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 a. A firm improvement in supply by DisCos would
require investments in reinforcing feeders,
transformers and protection equipment. TCN
shall be directed to align and priotize its
investments towards resolving transmission/
distribution interface bottlenecks and reducing
the high incidence of tripping at 132/33KV
substations.
HOW THE ORDER AFFECTS TCN
( a) (Section 10(e ) of the Order)
o TCN Shall prioritise its projects towards eliminating
interface bottle necks
o Reduce high incidence of tripping in 32/33kV
Substations – invariably accusing TCN for the
trippings.
b. The Commission acknowledges that the
services provided by DisCos is a composite
that is defined by a number of parameters
which include “hours of supply” as
indicated by availability, “reliability” as
defined by frequency and duration of
interruptions and “quality” as measured by
voltage and operating frequency
prescribed in governing industry codes.
(b) Section 10(g) of the Order)
• DisCos performance is based on Key Perfomance
Indicators (KPIs) or parameters which include
“Availability”, “Reliability” and “Power Quality-
voltage and operating frequency”
• This KPI's are dependent on TCN.
The operational performance of TCN shall
be anchored on firm agreements with
DisCos with key performance indicators and
financial remedies for non-performance by
either party.
( c) Section 10(f) of the Order
• TCN's performance was therefore anchored on a
firm agreement with DisCos for quality service
delivery
• This agreement is thereby known as the SERVICE
LEVEL AGREEMENT.
pag e 5 8
SERVICE LEVEL AGREEMENT (SLA)
PURPOSE OF SERVICE LEVEL AGREEMENT
• The purpose of this Agreement is to outline the
performance commitments of each Party with
respect to the transmission network and system
operation services provided by TCN in furtherance of
NERC's Order NERC/198/2020 dated 31st March
2020 and DisCo's Performance Improvement Plans.
• A firm improvement in supply by DisCos would
require investments in reinforcing feeders,
transformers and protection equipment. TCN shall be
directed to align
and prioritise its investments
towards resolving transmission/distribution interface
bottlenecks and reducing the high incidence of
tripping at 132/33kV substations.
• The financial remedies for TCN and DisCos shall be
based on Liquidated Damage Factors to adjust TCN
Tariffs.
• Both parties shall be held responsible for loss of
capacity due to inaction by either party in accordance
with the MYTO allocation and as enshrined in the
NERC order No. GL/184/2019.
• If TCN is unable to deliver a DisCo's load allocation,
TCN shall pay for the associated capacity charge and
where a DisCo fails to take its entire load allocation
due to constraints on its network, the DisCos will be
liable to pay the capacity charge as allocated in its
vesting contract.
CONCLUSION
• The SLA aims to ensure that Electricity Consumers
receive the best Electricity service.
• Consequently, the TCN and DisCos, as parties to the
Agreement, have their respective roles to play in
order to achieve the set objectives.
• Therefore, to whom much is given, much more is
expected. The recent increase in tariff must be
complemented by a more satisfactory service
delivery.
•Hence, Service Level Agreement is key to ensure
Service Based Tariff is achieved.
T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 EDO STATE GOVERNOR DECRIES VANDALISM
OF TCN INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE STATE

T he Edo State Governor, Mr. Godwin Obaseki, has

decried the incessant vandalism of TCN's
transmission towers by unknown persons in
Agbede, Etsako West Local Government Area of the state.
Governor Obaseki however reassured TCN delegation that
his administration would engage local vigilantes to protect
all TCN facilities across the state, adding that electricity
was of immense value to the state.

Mr. Obaseki who made his feeling known when he granted
audience to TCN delegation from Benin Regional Office led
by the Regional Transmission Manager, Engr. Isaac Okpe,
recently at the Government House, Benin City, ordered a
thorough investigation into circumstances that led to the
incident.
Earlier in his remarks, the RTM, Benin Region, Engr. Isaac
Okpe thanked the governor for his support towards
making the construction of Etsako 132/33kV substation a
reality, and solicited his support in tackling the menace of
vandalism of TCN equipment.

“As government, we are very concerned about this

incident. Why will people go out to vandalize such
structures with such a high risk? We need to get to
the bottom of the incident, to know why people
engage in such heinous activity”, he stated.

According to Governor Obaseki, “there is need to

know the purpose”. He recalled about four years
ago, the state government had set up a committee
to look at the issue of settlement to members of
communities where these equipment are sited.
Some members of the community, he said, claim
that they were not compensated for their lands. “I
think that what we should do is to revisit that report
to enable us get to the root of the issue,” he added.
NGPIC SEEKS
TCN'S SUPPORT TO DEVELOP
TRANSMISSION INFRASTRUTCTURE
T he Nigeria Gas and Power
Investment Company (NGPIC), a
subsidiary of the Nigeria
National Petroleum Corporation
(NNPC), is seeking the support of TCN in
developing transmission infrastructure
that would evacuate generated power
from their proposed power plants to be
sited in Abuja, Kaduna and Kano (AKK
plants).
The Managing Director of NGPIC, Dr.
Salihu Jamari made this known when
he led his team on an official visit to TCN
recently in Abuja. He said that an
assurance of adequate transmission
infrastructure by TCN was vital to
ensure that power generated would be
transmitted for Disco off-takers.
According to him, the NGPIC has a
mandate to generate about 5,000MW
of electricity by 2025. Pursuant to this,
the company had initiated a Strategic
Grid Power Initiative of 3,600MW
under a Joint Venture arrangement
with Independent Power Plants (IPP) to
be sited in Abuja, Kano and Kaduna,
with installed capacity of 1,350MW,
1,350MW and 900MW respectively. He
noted that the plants which were
initially scheduled to be completed
between 2019 and 2021, are part of
NNPC's downstream projects best sited
close to transmission substations for
easy evacuation of generated power.
“Your activities direct the pace of our
own activities, which means we can't
be building power plants if it cannot be
evacuated. So, it's one of the reasons
for this meeting with TCN, to find out
TCN's readiness to evacuate power that
would be generated from the proposed
AKK power plants”, he said.
Dr. Jamari further stated that, despite
significant progress made in
establishing the Integrated Power
Plants (IPPs) in conjunction with Joint
Venture partners, the need for synergy
amongst stakeholders in the power
sector was pertinent for electricity off-
take to the end user, which will
guarantee return on investments.
He also explained that several meetings
had been held with the Nigerian
Electricity Regulatory Commission
(NERC) and Nigerian Bulk Electricity
Trader (NBET), but conclusions were yet
to be reached on the Power Purchase
Agreement (PPA), noting that NGPIC
needed to collaborate with TCN for the
e va c u a t i o n o f p o w e r f ro m t h e
proposed AKK power plants to the grid,
as well as to identify Eligible Customers
willing to take the power.
In his remarks, the Ag. Managing
Director and Chief Executive Officer of
TC N , E n g r. S u l e A b d u l a z i z w h o
commended NGPIC for the initiative,
assured the team of TCN's commitment
in actualizing the said objective. He said
the National Grid Expansion
Programme (NGEP), which entailed
revamping the transmission
infrastructure and evacuation of power
generated from all IPPs, was in-line with
the objectives of NGPIC.
Engr. Abdulaziz added that with the
introduction of the Service Level
Agreement (SLA) by NERC, for TCN and
By Gabriel N. Gandu
DisCos, he is certain that all hands will
be on deck to revamp and improve the
power sector, and TCN was ready to
wheel the power generated with the
infrastructure in place.
Speaking also at the meeting, the
Executive Director, Transmission
Service Provider (TSP), Engr. Victor
Adewumi reaffirmed TCN's
commitment to bulk power evacuation
from all power generating stations,
NGPIC gas plants inclusive.
He said “For the AKK, I can tell you that
our programme is in synchronization
with the proposed power plant in Abuja
FCT, Kano, and Kaduna States. TCN is
already constructing a double-cord
transmission line from Shiroro to
Kaduna up to Kano”.
He noted that aside NGPIC selling
power within the country, they can also
sell to countries like Niger through
TCN's international transmission line
route.
On his part, the Head, Independent
System Operations (ISO), Engr. Maman
Lawal emphasised the need for synergy
within the system and urged for a
holistic view of the sector to identify
and find solution to lapses in the
system.
 SIMPLIFIED TERMINOLOGIES FOR LIKELY
POWER PROBLEMS AND THEIR CAUSES
M
any a time, terminologies employed in
the power sector could be ambiguous,
and rather confusing. Below are some
simplified terminologies that could be used to
describe some common electricity faults or
problems.
CATEGORIES OF POWER PROBLEMS
SURGES
Simply put, they are voltage increase (from source)
to electrical equipment, often for a tiny fraction of a
second (milliseconds). The trouble is that this
fraction can be dangerous and destructive than we
think.
It takes place when the voltage is 110 per cent above
normal, and most commonly caused by turning off a
heavy electrical equipment, lightning strikes and
hunger for more power. When power grid is over-
burdened and switching between power sources
create so-called rolling surges which disrupt power
for a second, that's a surge.
SAGS/DIPS/UNDERVOLTAGES
pag e 6 0
Compiled by Engr. A Oladeji
Sags or dips as the case may be are a decrease in
voltage from power source. It is a reduction of ac
voltage at a given frequency for the duration of 0.5
cycles to 1 minute's time. Sags are usually caused by
system faults, and are also often the result of
switching on loads with heavy startup currents. It
involves voltages of about 80-85% below normal
voltage for a short period of time. Survey shows that
voltage sags represent 87% of short term power
disturbances.
The probable causes are heavy equipment being
turned on (large electric motors), short circuit, fault
on power distribution grid and switching of power
mains.
BLACKOUTS
If an electricity pylon/poles delivering power to your
neighborhood is knocked down, you would notice it.
Consider this as power failure/interruption which is
the easiest power problem to diagnose.
Any temporary, or not so temporary, interruption in
T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 the flow of electricity will result in a power failure.
Precisely, blackout or power failure is defined as a
zero voltage condition that lasts for more than two
cycles. It could be Instantaneous (0.5-30 cycles),
Momentary (30 cycles- 2 secs), Temporary (2 secs-
2mins), or Sustained (> 2mins).
Supply grid damage, such as lightning strikes,
animals, trees, vehicle accidents, destructive weather
(high winds, etc.), equipment failure, or a basic circuit
breaker tripping, even human error may cause it.
BROWNOUTS/UNDERVOLTAGES
These are periods of low voltage in utility lines that
can cause lights to dim and equipment to fail i.e. a
steady lower voltage state (last more than 1sec.). It is
a situation where voltage supply falls below
operating limit of equipment. They are caused by
overburdened utility grid during peak demands. In
addition, damage to electrical lines, overloading on
primary power source, and the like can also cause
brownouts.
FLICKERS
This is a small regular variation in voltage that creates
an annoying change in light. Human perception is
sensitive to light that change at a frequency between
2 - 15 Hz.
It only bothers people and does not affect
components and mechanics because voltage
change is so small.
LINE NOISE
Line noise is ubiquitous. It is unwanted voltage or
current superimposed on the power system voltage
or current waveform. It's a random fluctuation of
electrical impulses that are carried along with
standard alternating current. Turning on the
fluorescent lights, refrigerators, laser printers,
electric motors, motor control devices, arc welding,
switching power supplies can all introduce line noise
pag e 6 1
into systems. Also, poorly grounded sites make the
system more susceptible to noise.
SPIKES
They occur when there is a sudden, rapid voltage
peak of up to 6kV (a very short over voltage
conditions). They are usually the result of nearby
lightning strikes which is measured in nanoseconds
(ns).
SWITCHING TRANSIENTS
This takes place when there is a rapid voltage peak of
up to 20kV with duration of 10 µs to 100 µs. They are
commonly caused by arcing faults and static
discharges. In addition, major power system
switching disturbances initiated by the utilities to
correct line problems may introduce transient
voltage into the system.
FREQUENCY VARIATIONS
This is simply a change in frequency from the
normally stable utility frequency of 50 or 60 cycle/s
(Hz), depending on the geographical location. This
may be caused by erratic operation of emergency
generators or unstable frequency power sources.
Frequency variation is extremely rare in stable utility
power systems, especially systems interconnected
via a power grid. Where there is poor power
infrastructure, frequency variation is more common
especially if the generator is heavily loaded.
HARMONIC DISTORTION
Harmonic distortion is the corruption of the
fundamental sine wave at frequencies that are
multiples of the fundamental. (e.g.180 Hz - 3rd
harmonic). The distortion of the normal line
waveform is transmitted into the line by non-linear
loads i.e. the non-linearity of the magnetizing
characteristics of transformers being heated up.
Non-linear loads are caused by variable speed
motors and drives, copiers, fax machines e.t.c.
 NEWLY INSTALLED TRANSFORMERS
(JANUARY TO MARCH 2021)

1X60MVA 120MVA

NEW SUBSTATION 30MVA

LINES
OLD LINE
CAPACITY (MVA)

150MW

pag e 6 2 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
 EDITORIAL TEAM
Sub-Editors:
Engr. A. Tahir Maimuna Isah-Ladan
Eric E. Ene Tosin Olashinde
Engr. A. Aguiyi Grace Sambe-Jauro
Omideji Oluwakayode Engr. Dr. A. Oladeji
Gabriel Gandu H.B. Mohammed

Stanford Nneji
Rufus Imafidon

pag e 4 7 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A
pag e 6 4 T R A N S M I S S I O N C O M PA N Y O F N I G E R I A