US HISTORY UNIT 1 REVIEW

Big Ideas:

#1: How did Native American cultures adapt their way of life to geographic and climatic
conditions of the regions they settled in?

-hunt, fish, and farm for food,

Southwest- used irrigation to produce agriculture, using the rivers for trade
Three sisters- maize (corn), beans, and squash- primary foods
Plains- teepees as houses- easy to pack up and move,
East- longhouses- suitable for harsh winters
Southwest- mud and brick, also used the sides of the mountains/hills

#2. How did the movement of people, goods, and ideas cause social change over time?

Population growth in Europe

New religions are brought to the Americas, religious freedom
Government changes- more power in the hands of the people (democracy), town councils
(Massachusetts), assemblies (House of Burgesses in Jamestown)
Improved quality of life- more resources
Freedom and equality for middle class society

#3. How were the 13 colonies affected by global conflicts?

People have more choices in society and rights, more equality,

More respect for new religious ideas
More conflict and fighting over resources by European nations

#4. How did the 13 colonies develop identities independent of Great Britain?

Great Britain restricted colonial trade; the colonists responded by smuggling on the black
market (illegal trade)
Assemblies/Town Councils make most of the decisions- power in the hands of the colonists

#5. What differences are seen among Spanish, French, Dutch, and English colonization?

Spanish brings slavery and Catholic religion to Native Americans

French/Spanish- Controlled by a King
Dutch/English- have local colonial governments
British colonists have more rights and freedom
French/Dutch (Netherlands) – most friendly with Natives
Spanish/English- complicated relationships

#6. How did the 3 colonial regions reflect geographic and social differences?

New England- education for children, cold climates, rocky soil

Middle- moderate, fertile soil, bread basket- grow lots of grains (barley, wheat), religious
tolerance, and the most immigrants- diverse population
Southern- cash crops- tobacco, warm climate, fertile soil
US HISTORY UNIT 1 REVIEW

#7. How did the Navigation acts, the Glorious Revolution, the Great Awakening, and the
Enlightenment affect the colonies?

Great Awakening- religious revival

Enlightenment- new ideas, reason, logic- separation of powers, government gets it power
from the people
Glorious Revolution- Parliament gains more power over the king/country- representative
power
Navigation Acts- result in colonial smuggling

#8. How did Columbian exchange impact the New World and Old World? What are some
short-term and long-term consequences?
Disease killed 80% of native Americans
Slave trade/caste system
Increase in Population in Europe, Africa, and Asia
Horses- hunt, transportation
Coffee, sugar, potato are exchanged
Livestock
Emerging social classes
Culture/lifestyle

Terms to know:
 Caravel
 Astrolabe MCQ
 Mercantilism
 Indentured servitude
 Columbian exchangeFRQ
 Triangular trade
 Conquistador
 Join-stock company
 Tribute
 Headrights
 Enlightenment
 Navigation ActsMCQ
 Great AwakeningMCQ
 Glorious Revolution
 Slavery
 John Smith- Jamestown leader
 John Rolfe – first person who plant tobacco
 William Penn- founder of Pennsylvania
 Roger Williams- founding the state of Rhode Island and advocating separation of
church and state in Colonial America.
 George Whitefield – great awakening first bring the idea to the conolies
 Jonathan Edwards
 William and Mary of Orange king of England
 James II
 Baron Montesquieu
US HISTORY UNIT 1 REVIEW

 John Locke - What is John Locke's theory of natural rights?

 Locke wrote that all individuals are equal in the sense that they are born with certain
"inalienable" natural rights.
 James Oglethorpe gorgia
 Jamestown
 Conflict
 Impact of Disease
 Impact of the horse
 Impact of Columbian exchange on European population
 Impact of the potato
 Low toleration
 High toleration
 Tobacco
 Cash crops
 Indigo
 Rice
 Bread basket
 Puritans

Events we have covered:

 Native American life before European Conquest
 Development of European colonies: Spanish, French, Dutch, British; Columbian
Exchange, Triangular Trade FRQ
 Development of the 13 British Colonies: New England, Middle, South
 Influence of European ideas: Navigation Acts/Mercantilism, Glorious Revolution,
Enlightenment, and Great Awakening

Be able to identify the 13 colonies on a map

Be able to differentiate between geographical, economic, and social differences of the
European colonies and the 13 British colonies
Be able to identify various Native American regions and life before European arrival
Be able to identify positive and negative consequences of the Columbian Exchange
Be able to identify the influence of European ideas on governance and political rights