DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

TRADE PROJECT

DAY NIGHT INDICATOR AND ALARM

PRESENTER:. LICHINA JERRY

INDEX NUMBER: 205101824

COURSE CODE: 2602

COURSE: DIPLOMA IN ELECTRICAL AND

ELECTRONICS (TELECOMMUNICATION OPTION)

A PROJECT RESEARCH TO BE SUBMITTED TO KNEC IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT

FOR THE AWARD OF DIPLOMA IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING,

SUPERVISOR: MADAM RUTH GAITI.

EXAM SERIES: OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 2022

DECLARATION

This trade project report is my original work. It is purely for the award of diploma by Kenya

National Examination Council (K.N.E.C

NAME: LICHINA JERRY

Signed:...........................

Date… … … … … …

SUPERVISOR MRS RUTH GAITI

Signature… … … … … … … … …

Date.....
 MDEDICATION

This project report is dedicated to my mother and sisters for standing by me all through and giving me
every support to this project and further wish to dedicate this to my best friend Michael Njuguna who at
all cost encouraged and stood by me in one way or the other to make me finalize this project.
ABSTRACT

Today we are living in 21st century where automation is playing important role in human life. Home
automation allows us to control household appliances like light, door, fan, AC etc. It also provides home
security and emergency system to be activated.

Home automation not only refers to reduce human efforts but also energy efficiency and time saving.
The main objective of home automation and security is to help handicapped an old aged people will
enable them to control home appliances and alert them in critic. The goal of my project is to design a
user-friendly home automation system which can be easily integrated into existing homes and
businesses. Automatic Night Lamp with Marning Alarm System is a simple yet powerful concept, which
uses transistor as a switch. By using this system manual works are 100% removed. It automatically
switches ON lights when the sunlight goes below the visible region of our eyes. This is done by a sensor
called Light Depend ant Resistor (LDR) which senses the light actually like our eyes.

t automatically Day And Night Indication whenever the sunlight comes, visible to our eyes and activates
the morning alarm. By using this system energy consumption is also reduced because nowadays the
manually operated street lights are not switched off even the sunlight comes and also switched on
earlier before sunset. In this project, no need of manual operation like ON time and OFF time setting.
LDR and transistor are the main components of the project.

The resistance of light dependant resistor (LDR) varies according to the light falling on it. This LDR is
connected as biasing resistor of the transistor. According to the light falls on the LDR,the transistor is
operated in saturation and cut off region. This transistor switches the relay to switcha on / off the light.
This project uses regulated 12V, 750mA power supply. 7812 three

terminal voltage regulator is used for voltage regulation. Bridge type full wave rectifier is used to rectify
the ac output of secondary of 230/18V step down transformer.