Gas Absorption

By
Farhan Ahmad
farhanahmad@uet.edu.pk

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

 Introduction

▪ Absorption

▪ Desorption or Stripping

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 Absorption …… Packed Tower

▪ Cylindrical column or tower

▪ Gas and liquid inlet

▪ Distribution space and Distributors

▪ Gas and Liquid outlets

▪ Tower packing

▪ Packing support

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 Absorption …… Packed Tower

▪ Weak Liquor

▪ Strong Liquor

▪ Rich gas

▪ Dilute or lean gas

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 Types of Packing

▪ Dumped or Random Packing

▪ Stacked Packing

▪ Structured or Ordered Packing

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 Contact between Liquid and Gas

▪ Distributors

▪ Uniformly wet the surface

▪ Channeling

▪ Ratio of diameter = 8 : 1

▪ Redistributors – 5 to 10 m

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 Pressure drop in Packed Column
▪ Fluid friction

▪ At low gas velocity

▪ At moderate gas velocity

▪ At high gas velocity

▪ Loading point

▪ Flooding

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 Flooding velocity
▪ High pressure drop

▪ Depends on
▪ Type of packing

▪ Size of packing

▪ Liquid mass velocity

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 Pressure Drop

▪ For Dumped packing

▪ Packing factor

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 Pressure Drop

▪ Cs =

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Structured Packing

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 Material Balance
▪ Total balance

▪ Component balance

▪ Over terminals

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 Limiting gas-liquid ratio

▪ Slope of operating line

▪ Cost of absorption

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Temperature Variations

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Rate of Absorption

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Tower Height

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Relationship between NTU and NTP

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Number of Transfer Unit - NTU

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 Basic Design Requirements

▪ Gas-liquid or vapor-liquid equilibrium

▪ Liquid- and gas-handling capacity

▪ Required height of contacting zone

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 Basic Design Steps

▪ Solvent Selection

▪ Calculation of Liquid-to-Gas ratio

▪ Equipment Selection

▪ Column Diameter and Pressure drop

▪ Calculation of tower height

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