LEVEL 3 - CONCLUSION

Moving on to our discussion, let’s take a look of our objectives. Next slide please. At the end of the lesson,
you are expected to:

a. Classify the three systems and knowledge domain based on Marzano’s Taxonomy.
b. Determine what system is aligned at every level of processing.
c. Reflect on what lesson is more meaningful and relevant based on the domains of knowledge and
learning activities.

Next slide po. Okay, Since nai-discussed na ni Teacher Roselle yung mga three systems and yung levels of
processing ng level 6, level 5, and level 4. Still, ico-continue natin ang discussion sa level 3 which is Analysis,
Level 2 Comprehension, and Level 1 Retrieval which are under the cognitive system. Again, pag sinabing
cognitive system, it processes all the necessary information.

Next slide po.

Anyone in the class who would like to read what is shown in the slide?

Thank you, so third level of processing is analysis. It is the reasoned extension of knowledge and
generation of new information not already possessed by the individual, so it means that an individual
elaborates on the knowledge as comprehended. Like for example, your working memory has already
sorted out the information from your sensory memory and has placed some important information into
your permanent memory.

(working memory- it is where data are actively processed, sensory memory- deals with the temporary
storage of data, permanent memory- contains all of the information that we understand and know)

Now when you say analysis, whatever knowledge you have, you extend it, you elaborate it, you know
more about certain knowledge, you know better about certain things, and that’s analysis. Diba? It is more
complex than simple comprehension, and pag sinabing complex malawak, mas nahihigitan yung simpleng
pagkakaintindi mo,

Now, we have five cognitive processes, which are matching, classifying, error analysis, generalizing, and
specifying. Let’s have the first one muna which is matching. So, matching it is where the students identify
important similarities and differences between knowledge components. So ibig sabihin, kaya mong mag-
categorize, magcompare and contrast, ahhh mag differentiate.

The second cognitive process is classifying, it is where students identify superordinate and subordinate
categories related to the knowledge. Ohh, Perhaps you have a question in your mind, teacher ano po kasi
ang superordinate and subordinate? So pag sinabing superordinate we are talking about the most general
concept, while subordinate it is the basic and the most specific concept. I hope nagkakaintindihan tayo at
walang naiiwan no.
The third one is analyzing error or the error analysis, it is where the students identify errors in the
presentation or use of the knowledge. It means kaya na ng students na i-identify yung mga errors or
problems, kaya ng mag-assess, mag-critique mag evaluate or kung may mga kailangan i-edit or i-revise.

Next is Generalizing, it is where students construct new generalizations or principles based on the
knowledge, it means you are able to conclude or infer something.

Lastly specifying, it is where students identify specific applications or logical consequences of the
knowledge. Which is considered the highest level among the cognitive processes because you can predict,
you can criticize, or you can argue, and by engaging with these processes, students can apply what they
are learning to form new insight and create new applications for what they have learned.

Next slide please. Osige, before we proceed to the next level. let’s have a review. What are the five
cognitive processes in analysis kase?

Very good, ______. Thank you.

Now let’s have 2nd level, which is comprehension and still falls under the cognitive system.

Who would like to read? Sige, may I hear from Romina, ang sexy babe ng BEED 3A.

Thank you. This means the data that are deposited in working memory via sensory memory are not stored
in permanent memory exactly as experienced, but the data must be ahhh translated into structure and
format that represents or preserves the key information. Osige, baka may question. Kasi kanina nabanggit
ko din yung mga yan. Teacher ano po bang ibig sabihin ng working memory, sensory memory, and
permanent memory?

Ok, listen carefully class. working memory- it is where data are actively processed, so ibig sabihin po lahat
ng information na pumapasok sayo diyan napa-processed, while sensory memory- it deals with the
temporary storage of data from the senses, and permanent memory- alam namn natin pag sinabing
permanent, it contains all of the information that we understand and know how to do for a long-term.
Okay po? Nakakasunod po? Sige nga, kindly open your camera for a while, pasilip lang ng mga magaganda
nyong mukha. Ayan, thank you. Sa mga hindi naka-wifi pwede nang mag turned off na ng camera to save
data.

Going back, so you remember our sensory memory, once you have data coming from your sensory
memory, working memory is not just going to process it and at hindi po agad itatransfer yan sa permanent
memory mo but instead your working memory is going to sort out important information muna and
separate them from those information that are not important, so that’s comprehension.
And then may nakalagay pa dito na the skills are synthesis and representation. What is synthesis skill ba?
So, it is the ability to combine parts of a whole in new and different ways, it requires to think flexibly. Like
for example, when you report to a friend the things that several other friends have said about a book, you
are engaging in synthesis. However, synthesizing is much more than simply reporting. It's simply a matter
of making connections or putting things together and we synthesize information naturally to help others
see the connections between things.

And then representation namn, it is similar din sa symbolizing. You can use pictures to represent certain
words, you can use graphic organizers, charts, a diagram or any models.

Next slide, the first level namn is Retrieval also known as Recovery. When we say retrieval, this is the
activation and transfer of knowledge from permanent memory to working memory. So when you retrieve
some data or when you recover some information from your permanent memory and you put it back in
your working memory, it means you are recalling information na meron ka sa permanent memory mo.
you’d call that your retrieval that’s the first level of processing. Students are merely calling up facts,
sequences, or processes exactly as they have been stored. Additional information na nasearch ko is that
sa level na to, there are three skills that we have. The first one is recognizing, then recalling and executing.
Recognizing is when you select a list of example whether provided information is accurate, you can also
use recall wherein you can exemplify, you can label, you can describe, you can use who what where and
when. And executing namn, it is where you show a demonstration or make complete and perform
procedures, so again these are sub-levels under retrieval.

Again class, what are the three skills or sub-levels kase that we have in retrieval? (Ans: recognizing,
recalling and executing) Thank youuu.

Now let us move to the domains of knowledge. Next slide please.

These are information, mental procedures and physical procedures. Let’s discuss information first.

Next slide po. Anyone who would like to read? Thank you.

Information is the what of knowledge. And we have five parts under information or the declarative
knowledge. So, the first is vocabulary terms, these are only composed of words or phrases. The second is
facts, which is all about the specific characteristics of something. Then we have the third part which is
time sequences, the fourth part is generalization and lastly, we have principles or these are generalizations
that show relationships. Ano kaya yung differences between all these five-parts ng information or
declarative knowledge?

Okay, let’s have an example. Next slide po.

So assuming our topic is Ibong Adarna, so kung naaalala niyo pa nung grade 7 yan diba. If we are talking
about vocabulary terms only, we only know what ibong Adarna is, we only know the term Berbanya, which
is the kingdom or the setting of the story ibong Adarna.
When we moved to the second part which is facts, we are already talking about specific characteristics,
so you already know how ibong adaarna looks, the wonderful colors of its feather, you already know the
members of the family who lived in berbanya, so you know the specific characteristics.

Now the third part is time sequences, in this case we are talking about kung paano yung pagkakasunod-
sunod ng mga pangyayari, sino ba sa tatlong magkakapatid ang unang sumubok na kunin ang ibong
Adarna.

Then the fourth part would be generalizations, this can be the moral lesson of the story, we can say kung
anong ginawa mo sa kapwa mo ay siya ring babalik sayo, ofcourse isa lang yan sa mga generalization out
of a lot of generalizations na makukuha natin sa story ng ibong Adarna.

And then we have, principles which means that generalization that show relationships, like for example
yung unang anak ng hari at reyna hindi tumulong sa ermitanya at sila ay hindi nagging matagumpay, yung
pangalawang anak ay ganun din, pero yung pangatlong anak ay matulungin kung kaya’t siya nagging
matagumpay sa kaniyang hangarin na mahuli ang ibong Adarna. So, principles are higher than your
generalizations. Again, those are 5 different parts of information domain or declarative knowledge.

Next slide please. Now, lets have the 2nd domain of knowledge which is the mental procedures. So if yung
information or declarative knowledge is the what of human knowledge, eto namn can be described as the
“how-to”. So the process of your brain are your mental procedures, how your brain works in acquiring
certain knowledge. Another information aside what’s written from our module, this domain has four
parts, starting from the single rule, algorithm, tactic and macroprocedures. Next slide po.

Let’s start with the single rule. Anyone who would like to read?

Thank you. Let’s have an example of single rule. the rules of capitalization or capitalizing names, In writing
names, the first letter should be in capital letter. hindi siya nagfafollow ng maraming steps in doing this
mental procedure, kaya tinawag na single rule lang.

Next is algorithm, when you say algorithm, it edoes not vary in application once learned. They have very
specific outcomes and very specific steps. for example, Let’s say you are trying to add decimals, what are
the things that you know or some of the things that you do when you are trying to add decimals, so when
you add decimals, you know that you should align the decimal point, you should ahhh perform carrying
over if the sum is more than 10. So, once you have learned it there’s no variation and there’s always a
specific outcome which it is always the same and yung mga steps na finafollow ay pare-pareho lang din.

The third is tactic, who would like to read, class?

Thank you. so, kung sa algorithm you follow specific steps sa tactic namn you don’t really have specific
steps, there are only general rules with an overall flow of execution. A good example that I can give you
is when you play puzzle or let’s say uno cards nalang sige, tho it has a rules found in the box, may mga
times na may mga ibang rules na finafollow depending on your circle of friends.

The last one would be macroprocedures, sige pakibasa po. Thank you.

So for example is writing an essay, in writing an essay you have different or diversity of possible products,
maaaring iba yung masusulat mo ngayon at maaaring iba din bukas or sa susunod na araw. The outcomes
are different and involves the execution of different sub procedures. Marami kang ginagawang mental
procedures na ginagamigt mo so that you can come with an essay.

Now, we go to the last domain of knowledge and this is physical procedures. Next slide po.

These are physical functions that were developed without formal instruction so these are physical
procedures or psychomotor procedures. So hindi lang nagconcentrate sa cognitive domain but na-include
din yun physical domain naten. This domain has three parts.

The first is foundational procedure, these are the basic parts of our movement. For example, static
strength, the overall body equilibrium or overall balance that our body has, the wrist finger speed, kung
papaano ka kabilis gamitin yung wrist or yung finger mo, your arm hand steadiness.

Now, simple combination and complex combination would mean movements but when we say simple
procedures eto yung mga madadali lang, for example shooting a free throw, throwing a ball, catching a
ball. Next, complex combination procedures naman, for example playing a sport, playing a basketball. So
combination siya ng simple procedures, unlike yung mga example natin kanina na free throw, dito may
dribbling na, diferrent ways to shoot a ball, pwedeng lay-up, slam dunk ayan.

So, we’re done with the three types or the domains of knowledge. And that ends my presentation class.
Let’s have the summary of our topic. Next slide.

Anyone in the class can answer just raise your hand.

1. Who can name the levels of processing in Marzano’s New Taxonomy? In order, starting with level
1.
Level 1: Retrieval
Level 2: Comprehension
Level 3: Analysis
Level 4: Knowledge Utilization
Level 5: Metacognitive System
Level 6: Self-system

2. How about the 3 domains of Knowledge?

• information
• mental procedures
• physical procedures

3. WHAT DOMAIN OF KNOWLEDGE DO YOU THINK IS THE MOST IMPORTANT? why?

 That’s it class, I hope you’d learn something on my presentation. Once again, I’m teacher Kathreen
Manipon, thank you and God bless everyone.

1. difference between Marzano and bloom's taxonomy

To answer that po ma’am, both taxonomies have something to do with each other because, in my
understanding po which is also stated in our module, Marzano taxonomy was developed by
Robert Marzano and John Kendall based on Bloom’s Taxonomy. When it comes to their difference
naman po, aside from the construction design model itself, the two taxonomies differ somewhat
in what constitutes knowledge domains.

We all know namn po na, bloom’s taxonomy is the classification of different learning objectives
which are divided into three domains: cognitive, affective and psychomotor. The purpose was to
put a system of classification of educational goal and objective. More on cognitive po siya, kaya
po may HOTS din na tinatawag under this taxonomy which stands for Higher order thinking skills.
On the other hand, Marzano’s Taxonomy is made up of three systems, which are cognitive,
metacognitive and self-system. Marzano strategies play an important role by tracking teacher to
effective ways toward effective learning.

2. What do you think among the level of Marzano taxonomy is very important?
I think ma’am all levels of Marzano New Taxonomy are important. Kasi po you couldn't
immediately jump to the top level or the next level, if you skipped the first level. So, in my
perspective, a learner must follow a level-by-level approach in order to acquire it.

3. Difference of Marzano taxonomy and SOLO Taxonomy

Marzano Taxonomy is a taxonomy of educational objectives made up of three systems and the
knowledge domain wherein it was developed in response to shortcomings of Bloom’s Taxonomy.

While the SOLO Taxonomy is a learning taxonomy that classifies learner outcomes in terms of
complexity, aside from that yung solo taxonomy is nagagmit siya madalas in a way na nakakapag-
set ng high expectations and ma-increase yung motivation ng mga students, kumbaga it offers
guidance on how to move from stage-to-stage.

4. Example situation using marzano taxonomy.

REPORTING

5. among all the taxonomy, what do you think is the best?

For me ma'am, it’s the Marzano New Taxonomy, kasi po mas developed siya compare sa Bloom’s
Taxonomy. Wherein it is textured, so many interwoven processes and procedures, unlike the
bloom’s taxonomy, which is linear. In addition to that po, Marzano taxonomy separates
knowledge and processing; knowledge is interacted with all levels of processes and it is not only
focused on the cognitive procedures but also takes into consideration the psychomotor and
affective, which is our self-knowledge that have as a separate domain.

(the Bloom’s Taxonomy. Perhaps it’s a plus factor that this taxonomy is what I am more familiar
with as we have discussed it from the beginning and, I think up until this point. In addition to that
po, Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy is the most applicable to use or apply in our generation and our
current curriculum, which is K-12 curriculum, not just for students but also for teachers in their
teaching.)

6. What level or system in Marzano Taxonomy is mostly used?

LEVEL: I think ma'am it depends on the situation in what level will utilized the most.

DOMAIN:

SYSTEM: All of them ma'am, kasi po these three systems are connected with one another, Like
for example, when you are faced with the option of starting a new task, your self-system
determines whether to continue the current behaviour or engage in the new activity; then your
metacognitive system will be the one naman to set the goals and monitor of how well they are
being achieved; then your cognitive system will be the one in charge to process all the necessary
information.